Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Tue Feb 5, 2002; substantive revision Fri Jan 27, 2006 The theory of properties of terms ( proprietates terminorum ) was the basis of the medievals' semantic theory. It embraced those properties of linguistic expressions necessary to explain truth, fallacy and inference, the three central concepts of logical analysis. The theory evolved out of the work of Anselm and Abelard at the turn of the twelfth century, developed steadily through the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and was still undergoing changes in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. It is generally agreed that its early stages were closely bound up with the theory of fallacies, but as a general semantic theory, it developed in response to a variety of needs, and one mistake of modern attempts at interpretation is to seek a unique rationale of one notion or another. Each notion evolved continually, satisfying one need at one time and another at a later date, and often several conflicting needs at the same time. Another mistake is to try to map each notion seriatim onto corresponding notions in contemporary semantic theory, but although one can see analogies and similarities, none of the medieval "properties" matches exactly any modern notion.
Extractions: Customer Sign In Create Account Find books by keyword: Find books by author: Find books by title: J. Hood, Booksellers, inc. Go to page: of 68 listings found. La filosofia medievale: Antologia di testi Abbagnano, Nicola (ed) Bari:: Editori Laterza,. 1963.. Paperback. Lightly soiled and foxed covers, pages clean and tight: good condition. 440pp. more information Offered by J. Hood, Booksellers, inc. (United States) Buy Direct Isaac Israeli: A Neoplatonic Philosopher of the Early Tenth Century. [Subtitle]: His Works translated with comments and an outline of his Philosophy Altmann, A. and S.M. Stern more information Offered by J. Hood, Booksellers, inc. (United States) Buy Direct Anselm of Canterbury: Philosophical Fragments; De Grammaties; On Truth; Freedom of Choice; The Fall of the Devil; The Harmony of the Foreknowledge; The Predestination; and the Grace of God with Free Choice. [Subtitle]: Edited and Translated by Jasper Hop Anselm, St more information Offered by J. Hood, Booksellers, inc.
The History Of Western Philosophy: Medieval Philosophy The History of Western Philosophy Medieval philosophy Medieval philosophy designates the philosophical speculation that occurred in western Europe during the Middle Ages; i.e., from http://www.uv.es/EBRIT/macro/macro_5005_1_23.html
Extractions: Britannica CD Index Articles Dictionary Help Medieval philosophy designates the philosophical speculation that occurred in western Europe during the Middle Ages; i.e., from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries AD to the Renaissance of the 15th century. Philosophy of the medieval period remained in close conjunction with Christian thought, particularly theology, and the chief philosophers of the period were churchmen , particularly churchmen who were teachers. Philosophers who strayed from the close relation were chided by their superiors. Greek philosophy ceased to be creative after Plotinus in the 3rd century AD. A century later Christian thinkers such as Ambrose Victorinus , and Augustine began to assimilate Neoplatonism into Christian doctrine in order to give a rational interpretation of Christian faith. Thus, medieval philosophy was born of the confluence of Greek (and to a lesser extent of Roman) philosophy and Christianity. Plotinus' philosophy was already deeply religious, having come under the influence of Middle Eastern religion. Medieval philosophy continued to be characterized by this religious orientation. Its methods were at first those of Plotinus and later those of Aristotle. But it developed within faith as a means of throwing light on the truths and mysteries of faith. Thus, religion and philosophy fruitfully cooperated in the Middle Ages. Philosophy, as the handmaiden of
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Sun Sep 10, 2000; substantive revision Wed Mar 19, 2008 universally , for all medieval problem of universals is a logical, and historical, continuation of the ancient problem generated by Plato's (428-348 B.C.) theory answering such a bundle of questions, namely, his theory of Ideas or Forms. The inherent problems with Plato's original theory were recognized already by Plato himself. In his Parmenides Plato famously raised a number of difficulties, for which he apparently did not provide satisfactory answers. Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), with all due reverence to his teacher, consistently rejected Plato's theory, and heavily criticized it throughout his own work. (Hence the famous saying, amicus Plato sed magis amica veritas Nevertheless, despite this explicit doctrinal conflict, Neo-Platonic philosophers, pagans (such as Plotinus ca. 204-270, and Porphyry, ca. 234-305) and Christians (such as Augustine, 354-430, and Boethius, ca. 480-524) alike, observed a basic concordance between Plato's and Aristotle's approach, crediting Aristotle with an explanation of how the human mind acquires its universal concepts of particular things from experience, and Plato with providing an explanation of how the universal features of particular things are established by being modeled after their universal archetypes.
Extractions: Welcome to the Medieval Philosophy Task Force , a subproject of WikiProject Philosophy and WikiProject Middle Ages Medieval philosophy Medieval philosophers Medieval philosophical literature Renaissance philosophy ... Thomist philosophers v d e Medieval philosophy task force assessment statistics Medieval philosophy articles by quality and importance Quality Importance Top High Mid Low ... NA Total FA GA B C ... Template Other Assessed Unassessed Total worklist log category For main project templates, see the
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Tue May 29, 2001; substantive revision Wed Aug 12, 2009 The purpose of this entry is to provide a systematic introduction to medieval views about the nature and ontological status of relations. Given the current state of our knowledge of medieval philosophy, especially with regard to relations, it is not possible to discuss all the nuances of even the best-known medieval philosophers' views. In what follows, therefore, we shall restrict our aim to identifying and describing (a) the main types of position that were developed during the Middle Ages, and (b) the most important considerations that shaped their development. We shall have occasion along the way, however, to examine in detail certain aspects of the views of important representatives of all the main medieval positions, including Peter Abelard (1079-1142), Gilbert of Poitiers (1085-1154), Albert the Great (1200-1280), Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), John Duns Scotus (1265-1308), Henry Harclay (1270-1317), Peter Auriol (1280-1322), and William Ockham (1285-1347). 1. Introduction
History Of Western Philosophy - Medieval Philosophy A selection of articles related to History of Western Philosophy Medieval Philosophy http://www.experiencefestival.com/history_of_western_philosophy_-_medieval_philo
Extractions: Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Scholasticism Scholasticism is a term used to designate both a method and a system. It is applied to theology as well as to philosophy Scholastic theology is distinguished from Patristic theology on the one hand, and from positive theology on the other. The schoolmen themselves distinguished between theologia speculativa sive scholastica and theologia positiva . Applied to philosophy , the word "Scholastic" is often used also, to designate a chronological division intervening between the end of the Patristic era in the fifth century and the beginning of the modern era, about 1450. It will, therefore, make for clearness and order if we consider: I. The origin of the word "Scholastic"; IV. The contents of the Scholastic system. The revival of Scholasticism in recent times has been already treated under the head NEO-SCHOLASTICISM There are in Greek literature a few instances of the use of the word scholastikos to designate a professional philosopher . Historically, however, the word, as now used, is to be traced, not to
Alibris: Philosophy Medieval, Used, new outof-print books matching Philosophy Medieval. Offering millions of titles from thousands of sellers worldwide. http://www.alibris.com/search/books/subject/Philosophy Medieval
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Mediaeval Logic And Philosophy Resource maintained by Paul Vincent Spade at Indiana University. http://www.pvspade.com/Logic/index.html
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Extractions: Skip to Content Advanced Search only this category Random Link Home News Forum ... History of Philosophy Medieval http://www.formalontology.it/john_doyle.htm Complete bibliography of one of the leading experts of late Scholasticism. Review It Rate It Bookmark It http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/illumination/ The doctrine that holds that human beings require a special divine assistance in their ordinary cognitive activities. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Robert Pasnau. Review It Rate It Bookmark It http://www.pvspade.com/Logic/index.html Resource maintained by Paul Vincent Spade at Indiana University. Review It Rate It Bookmark It http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/analogy-medieval/ Survey of medieval accounts of analogical terms, which were thought to be particularly useful in metaphysics and theology, but were also discussed in commentaries on Aristotle's logic and in logic textbooks. From the Stanford Encyclopaedia, by E. Jennifer Ashworth. Review It Rate It Bookmark It http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/conscience-medieval/
Sophismata (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) Article on this common form of medieval philosophical writing, by John Longeway. From the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sophismata/
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Sun Sep 30, 2001; substantive revision Thu Nov 15, 2007 sophisma sophisma is an ambiguous, puzzling or simply difficult sentence that has to be solved. As an important element of scholarly training in universities, closely related to different kinds of disputations, the sophismata not only served to illustrate a theory but, from a more theoretical point of view, were also used to test the limits of a theory. The so-called sophismata -literature assumed more and more importance during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, and it is not an exaggeration to claim that many important developments in philosophy (mainly in logic and natural philosophy) appeared in texts of this kind, where masters could feel free to investigate problems and develop their own views, much more than they could in more academic and strictly codified literary genres. sophisma sophisma 2. Description and Characteristics
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Mon May 6, 2002; substantive revision Mon Jul 10, 2006 Thomas of Erfurt was the most influential member of a group of later medieval philosophers known as the speculative grammarians or Modistae (Modists), after the central place they assigned to the modi significandi (modes of signification) of a word in their analyses of human discourse. The notion that a word, once it has been imposed to signify, carries with it all of its syntactical modes, or possible combinations with other words, had been around since the twelfth century. What the Modistae did was to posit the origins of the modi significandi in terms of parallel theories of modi intelligendi (modes of understanding) and modi essendi (modes of being). The result was a curious amalgam of philosophy, grammar, and linguistics. Thomas of Erfurt's De modis significandi became the standard Modist textbook in the fourteenth century, though it has since enjoyed even greater fame later thanks to its misidentification as a work of Duns Scotus. The text appeared in early printed editions of Scotus's Opera Omnia , where it was read and commented upon by later figures such as Charles S. Peirce and Martin Heidegger, whose 1916 doctoral thesis
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Wed Jul 25, 2001; substantive revision Tue Aug 1, 2006 Robert Alyngton was one of the most important authors of the generation after John Wyclif. He was deeply influenced by Walter Burley's logico-ontological system and Wyclif's metaphysics. (His major extant work, a commentary on the Categories, heavily depends on Burley's last commentary on the Categories and Wyclif's De ente praedicamentali .) Yet he was able to develop new logical and semantic theories as well as the general strategy adopted by the Oxford Realists, as he methodically substituted reference to external objective realities for reference to linguistic and/or mental activities. Not a great deal is known of Robert Alyngton's life. Most of the information about him comes from Emden 1957-59. From 1379 until 1386, he was fellow of Queens College (the same Oxonian college where Wyclif started his theological studies in 1363 and Johannes Sharpe taught in the 1390s); he became Magister Artium and, by 1393, doctor of theology. He was chancellor of the University in 1393 and 1395. In 1382 he preached Wyclif's religious and political ideas in Hampshire (McHardy 1987). He was rector of Long Whatton, Leicestershire, where he died by September 1398.
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Wed Jul 25, 2001; substantive revision Mon Jul 31, 2006 Wyclif's logico-metaphysical works were very influential at Oxford at the end of the 14th century and the beginning of the 15th. Among the authors who followed his doctrines (the so called Oxford Realists), William Penbygull (+1420) was almost certainly the most faithful to the master, since his extant writings appear to be essentially devoted to a defence and/or explanation of Wyclif's main philosophical theses. Notwithstanding such an attitude, Penbygull gave an original contribution to logic by developing a new theory of identity, which solved the problems that Wyclif's analysis of predication had raised, and by refining Wyclif's theory of predication itself. The information on the life and works of William Penbygull (or Penbegyll) is scanty. He was from Exeter diocese; he studied at Oxford, where he was fellow of Exeter College in 1399, and rector in 1406-07. He was licensed to preach in the diocese of Bath and Wells on 28 February 1410. He probably died at Oxford in 1420. According to Emden 1957-59, he wrote the following treateses on logic: De universalibus On Universals Divisio entis The Division of Being ), and
Johannes Sharpe (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) Medieval scholar, prominent among the later Oxford Realists. Article from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, by Alessandro Conti. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sharpe/
Extractions: Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free First published Mon Sep 24, 2001; substantive revision Fri Sep 30, 2005 lector ordinarius He established a reputation as a philosopher and a theologian. The number of extant manuscripts of his works and their widespread distribution attest to his importance and notoriety throughout the 15 th century. The following writings are attributed to him: 2. The Theory of Meaning