21. Aristophanes, C.448-c.380 B.C. Further details on the ancient Greek playwright, aristophanes, c.448c.380 B.C. http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/aristophanes.html

Aristophanes, c.448-c.380 B.C. The greatest of the Greek comic playwrights, Aristophanes ridiculed Athenian statesmen and intellectuals, censured government policies and protested against what he perceived to be the decay of Athenian values. Of course, behind his wit lay his seriousness and there was much in the Peloponnesian War that angered him. An aristocrat himself, he was disgusted when Cleon, a common tanner, succeeded Pericles. Aristophanes believed the ancient Athenian values of honor, duty and moderation had been destroyed by the Sophists who had come to Athens in the 5th century We have little biographical information about Aristophanes except that he had three sons, all of whom became comic poets. It is said that Aristophanes wrote 54 plays but only eleven are extant. His plays are divided into the categories of political, philosophical, social and literary and again, under three periods. To the period ending in 425 B.C., belong the Acharnians Knights Clouds Wasps and The Peace , all political satires. In the second period, ending in 406, come the

22. The Acharnians, An Introduction To The Play By Aristophanes An introduction to the play by aristophanes. http://www.theatredatabase.com/ancient/aristophanes_003.html

Home Ancient Theatre Medieval Theatre 16th Century ... Email Us THE ACHARNIANS an introduction to the play by Aristophanes T HE ACHARNIANS is the first of a series of three Comediesalso including Peace and Lysistrata Cratinus being second. Its diatribes against the War and fierce criticism of the general policy of the War party so enraged Cleon that he endeavoured to ruin the author, who in The Knights retorted by a direct and savage personal attack on the leader of the democracy. Incidentally excellent fun is poked at Euripides and his dramatic methods, which supply matter for so much witty badinage in several others of our author's pieces. The drama takes its title from the Chorus This article is reprinted from Aristophanes: The Eleven Comedies . Trans. Anonymous. London: The Athenian Society, 1922.

23. Aristophanes aristophanes. Born c. 450 BC Died c. 388 BC Cause of death unspecified. Gender Male Race or Ethnicity White Sexual orientation Straight Occupation Playwright http://www.nndb.com/people/843/000087582/

This is a beta version of NNDB Search: All Names Living people Dead people Band Names Book Titles Movie Titles Full Text for Aristophanes Born: c. 450 BC Died: c. 388 BC Cause of death: unspecified Gender: Male Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Straight Occupation: Playwright Nationality: Ancient Greece Executive summary: Lysistrata The Frogs The great comic dramatist and poet of Athens. His birth year is uncertain. He is known to have been about the same age as Eupolis, and is said to have been "almost a boy" when his first comedy ( The Banqueters ) was brought out in 427 BC. His father Philippus was a landowner in Aegina. Aristophanes was an Athenian citizen of the tribe Pandionis, and the deme Cydathene. The stories which made him a native of Camirus in Rhodes; or of the Egyptian Naucratis, had probably no other foundation than an indictment for usurpation of civic rights which appears to have been more than once laid against him by Cleon . His three sons Philippus, Araros and Nicostratus were all comic poets. Philippus, the eldest, was a rival of Eubulus, who began to exhibit in 376 BC. Araros brought out two of his father's latest comedies the Cocalus and the Aeolosicon , and in 375 began to exhibit works of his own. Nicostratus, the youngest, is assigned by Athenaeus to the Middle Comedy, but belongs, as is shown by some of the names and characters of his pieces, to the New Comedy also.

24. Aristophanes' Lysistrata Learn about aristophanes' Lysistrata using this exceptional online study guide with links to multiple resources on CTCWeb. http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/netshots/lysistra.htm

Table of Contents Plato's Apology Lysistrata Production The setting of the Lysistrata requires at least one door in the skene representing the Propylaea, the monumental gateway to the Athenian Acropolis. All the action of the play takes place in front of this background. An unusual aspect of the production of the Lysistrata is the use of two choruses, one of old men and the other of old women. The conflict between these two choruses forms an important part of the action of the play. In addition, there is a chorus of Spartans and a chorus of Athenians in the exodos. To learn more about the role of women in ancient Greece, see the Women in the Oikos: The Stranger Within EXERCISE FOR READING, COMPREHENSION AND INTERPRETATION Prologue - Lysistrata, Calonice (sometimes given as Cleonike), Myrrhine, Lampito (1-253) The numbers in parentheses refer to lines in the Lysistrata. What is the dramatic purpose of the Prologue? What problem is Lysistrata concerned with (33)? What is Lysistrata 's solution to this problem (124)? What will be the ultimate result if Lysistrata's solution is successful (148-154)? What does Lysistrata intend to have the women do (175-179)?

25. Lysistrata An introduction to the play by aristophanes. http://www.theatredatabase.com/ancient/aristophanes_005.html

Home Ancient Theatre Medieval Theatre 16th Century ... Email Us LYSISTRATA an introduction to the play by Aristophanes L YSISTRATA, the third and concluding play of Aristophanes' War and Peace series, was not produced till ten years later than its predecessor, the Peace viz. in 411 B.C. It is now the twenty-first year of the War and there seems as little prospect of peace as ever. A desperate state of things demands a desperate remedy, and the Poet proceeds to suggest a burlesque solution of the difficulty. The women of Athens, led by Lysistrata and supported by female delegates from the other states of Hellas, determine to take matters into their own hands and force the men to stop the War. They meet in solemn conclave, and Lysistrata expounds her scheme, the rigorous application to husbands and lovers of a self-denying ordinance"we must refrain from the male altogether." Every wife and mistress is to refuse all sexual favours whatsoever, till the men have come to terms of peace. In cases where the women must yield 'par force majeure,' then it is to be with an ill grace and in such a way as to afford the minimum of gratification to their partner; they are to be passive and take no more part in the amorous game than they are absolutely obliged to. By these means Lysistrata assures them they will very soon gain their end. "If we sit indoors prettily dressed out in our best transparent silks and prettiest gewgaws, and all nicely depilated, they will be able to deny us nothing." Such is the burden of her advice.

26. Aristophanes - Definition Of Aristophanes By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaur Ar is toph a nes (rst f-n z) 448?-388? b.c. Athenian playwright considered to be the greatest ancient writer of satirical comedy. Among his surviving plays are The Clouds (423 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Aristophanes

27. Aristophanes — Infoplease.com Encyclopedia aristophanes. aristophanes (ăr istof' u nēz) , c.448 B.C. –c.388 B.C., Greek playwright, Athenian comic poet, greatest of the ancient writers of comedy. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0804707.html

28. The Internet Classics Archive | The Wasps By Aristophanes Complete text of the play by aristophanes. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristophanes/wasps.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help The Wasps By Aristophanes Commentary: Several comments have been posted about The Wasps Download: A 84k text-only version is available for download The Wasps By Aristophanes Written 422 B.C.E Dramatis Personae PHILOCLEON BDELYCLEON, his Son SOSIAS, Slave of Philocleon XANTHIAS, Slave of Philocleon BOYS DOGS A GUEST A BAKER'S WIFE AN ACCUSER CHORUS OF WASPS Scene In the background is the house of PHILOCLEON, surrounded by a huge net. Two slaves are on guard, one of them asleep. On the roof is BDELYCLEON. SOSIAS waking XANTHIAS up Why, Xanthias! what are you doing, wretched man? XANTHIAS I am teaching myself how to rest; I have been awake and on watch the whole night. SOSIAS So you want to earn trouble for your ribs, eh? Don't you know what sort of animal we are guarding here? XANTHIAS Aye indeed! but I want to put my cares to sleep for a while. He falls asleep again. SOSIAS Beware what you do. I too feel soft sleep spreading over my eyes, XANTHIAS Are you crazy, like a Corybant? SOSIAS No! It's Bacchus who lulls me off. XANTHIAS Then you serve the same god as myself. just now a heavy slumber

29. Aristophanes - Crystalinks aristophanes. aristophanes was a Greek Old Comic dramatist. He is also known as the Father of Comedy and the Prince of Ancient Comedy. The place and exact date of his birth are http://www.crystalinks.com/aristophanes.html

Aristophanes Aristophanes was a Greek Old Comic dramatist. He is also known as the Father of Comedy and the Prince of Ancient Comedy. The place and exact date of his birth are unknown, but he was around thirty in the 420's when he achieved sudden brilliant success in the Theater of Dionysus with his Banqueters. He lived in the deme of Kudathenaion (the same as that of the leading Athenian statesman Cleon) which implies he was from a relatively wealthy family and, accordingly, well educated. He is famous for writing comedies such as The Birds for the two Athenian dramatic festivals: the City Dionysia and the Lenea. He wrote forty plays, eleven of which survive; his plays are the only surviving complete examples of Old Attic Comedy, although extensive fragments of the work of his rough contemporaries Cratinus and Eupolis survive. Many of Aristophanes' plays were political, and often satirized well-known citizens of Athens and their conduct in the Peloponnesian War and after. Hints in the text of his plays, supported by ancient scholars, suggest that he was prosecuted several times by Cleon for defaming Athens in the presence of foreigners and the like; how much truth there is to this is impossible to say. The Frogs was given the unprecedented honor of a second performance. According to a later biographer, he was also awarded a civic crown for the play.

30. The Internet Classics Archive | The Thesmophoriazusae By Aristophanes Complete text of the play by aristophanes. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristophanes/thesmoph.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help The Thesmophoriazusae By Aristophanes Commentary: A few comments have been posted about The Thesmophoriazusae Download: A 64k text-only version is available for download The Thesmophoriazusae By Aristophanes Written 411 B.C.E Dramatis Personae EURIPIDES MNESILOCHUS, Father-in-law of Euripides AGATHON SERVANT OF AGATHON HERALD WOMEN CLISTHENES A MAGISTRATE A SCYTHIAN POLICEMAN Scene Behind the orchestra are two buildings, one the house of the poet AGATHON, the other the Thesmophorion. EURIPIDES enters from the right, at a rapid pace, with an air of searching for something; his father-in-law MNESILOCHUS, who is extremely aged, follows him as best he can, with an obviously painful expenditure of effort. MNESILOCHUS Great Zeus! will the swallow never appear to end the winter of my discontent? Why the fellow has kept me on the run ever since early this morning; he wants to kill me, that's certain. Before I lose my spleen antirely, Euripides, can you at least tell me where you are leading me? EURIPIDES What need for you to hear what you are going to see?

31. Aristophanes Scarcely anything is known of aristophanes' life apart from some few facts concerning his comedies. He was born about 445 B. C. in Attica. While he was still a boy his family http://madeinatlantis.com/athens/aristophanes.htm

var TlxPgNm='aristophanes'; Back to Homepage Modern Athens Climate of Athens The Sunlight in Athens ... Mycenae Aristophanes In all, then, we possess eleven comedies, from the forty or forty-four which he is said to have written. Of these the best is the Birds, next to which come the Frogs, Clouds, and Thesmophoriazusae. But it would serve no purpose to set out in full the plot of these or any; for, strictly speaking, the 'story of the play' is unimportant. What matters is the one great explosive idea and its brilliant treatment in small scenes and lyrics beautiful or witty. Most of the eleven follow the same scheme. First is propounded a fantastic but highly desirable project, which is carried through by the chief character despite immense difficulties. Then comes the parabasis or address by the chorus to the audience in the poet's name. Finally we have a series of little scenes depicting the beneficent working of the accomplished object, ending with a kind of apotheosis of the hero. Home This website is created and designed by Atlantis International, 2006

32. The Internet Classics Archive | Peace By Aristophanes Complete text of the play by aristophanes. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristophanes/peace.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help Peace By Aristophanes Commentary: Several comments have been posted about Peace Download: A 72k text-only version is available for download Peace By Aristophanes Written 421 B.C.E Dramatis Personae TRYGAEUS TWO SERVANTS OF TRYGAEUS DAUGHTERS OF TRYGAEUS HERMES WAR TUMULT HIEROCLES, a Soothsayer AN ARMOURER A SICKLE-MAKER A CREST-MAKER SON OF LAMACHUS SON OF CLEONYMUS CHORUS OF HUSBANDMEN Scene Behind the Orchestra on the right the farmhouse of TRYGAEUS, in the centre the mouth of a cave closed up with huge boulders, on the left the palace of ZEUS. In front of the farmhouse is a stable, the door of wkich is closed. Two of TRYGAEUS'slaves are seen in front of the stable, one of them kneading cakes of dung, the other taking the finished cakes and throwing them into the stable. FIRST SERVANT Quick, quick, bring the dung-beetle his cake. SECOND SERVANT There it is. Give it to him, and may it kill him! And may he never eat a better. FIRST SERVANT Now give him this other one kneaded up with ass's dung. SECOND SERVANT There! I've done that too. And where's what you gave him just

33. About Aristophanes The Life and Work of aristophanes. aristophanes messageboard, complete text of aristophanes's books and short stories, links to other information on aristophanes http://aristophanes.classicauthors.net/index.html

NoCC About Aristophanes Works Online Birds, The Frogs, The Lysistrata Peace ... The Wasps Timeline Approx 0448 Born in 448? BC in Athens, Greece. Resources On The Web Aristophanes MONOLOGUES BY ARISTOPHANES Aristophanes by Alice in Theaterland - Conmtains Bio breakdown of when plays appeared Aristophanes Index - Biography of the Greek dramatist ARISTOPHANES Forum Frigate - A message board dedicated to the works of ARISTOPHANES Aristophanes - Contains biographical timeline, analysis of plays,more links, message board and much more. A great resorce Menu Search Options Advertisement Attention Students Wondering how to cite this page? Click here for the proper citation for this page, following the guidelines set for Humanities citations from Columbia Guide to Online Style by Janice R. Walker Considering donating your report on Aristophanes. For more information, email the webmaster Survey Newsletter Want to stay current with what's happening with us? Sign up for our newsletter, and get notified, once a month, of all the new books and authors we have added to the classicauthors.net family. To subscribe, enter your email address and click Go.

34. Peace An introduction to the play by aristophanes. http://www.theatredatabase.com/ancient/aristophanes_004.html

Home Ancient Theatre Medieval Theatre 16th Century ... Email Us PEACE an introduction to the play by Aristophanes A RISTOPHANES' PEACE was brought out four years after The Acharnians (422 B.C.), when the War had already lasted ten years. The leading motive is the same as in the former playthe intense desire of the less excitable and more moderate-minded citizens for relief from the miseries of war. "Holdsay not so, good master Hermes; Let the man rest in peace where now he lies. He is no longer of our world, but yours." Here surely we have a trait of magnanimity on the author's part as admirable in its way as the wit and boldness of his former attacks had been in theirs. This article is reprinted from Aristophanes: The Eleven Comedies . Trans. Anonymous. London: The Athenian Society, 1922.

35. The Knights - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The Knights (Attic Ἱππῆς) was the fourth play written by aristophanes, the master of an ancient form of drama known as Old Comedy. The play is a satire on the social http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Knights

The Knights From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search The Knights Knight. The Dramatis Personae in ancient comedy depends on interpretation of textual evidence. This list is based on Alan Sommerstein's translation. Written by Aristophanes Chorus knights Characters Demosthenes a slave of Demos Nicias another slave of Demos Agoracritus a sausage seller Paphlagonian ( Cleon a slave and steward of Demos Demos an elderly Athenian Silent roles The Peacetreaties two girls Several slaves Setting Outside Demos' house near the Pnyx in Athens The Knights Greek Hippeîs ; Attic ) was the fourth play written by Aristophanes , the master of an ancient form of drama known as Old Comedy . The play is a satire on the social and political life of classical Athens during the Peloponnesian War and in this respect it is typical of all the dramatist's early plays. It is unique however in the relatively small number of its characters and this was due to its scurrilous preoccupation with one man, the pro-war populist Cleon . Cleon had prosecuted Aristophanes for slandering the polis with an earlier play

36. The Internet Classics Archive | The Knights By Aristophanes Complete text of the play by aristophanes. http://classics.mit.edu/Aristophanes/knights.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help The Knights By Aristophanes Commentary: Several comments have been posted about The Knights Download: A 78k text-only version is available for download The Knights By Aristophanes Written 424 B.C.E Dramatis Personae DEMOSTHENES NICIAS AGORACRITUS, a Sausage-Seller CLEON DEMOS CHORUS OF KNIGHTS Scene The Orchestra represents the Pnyx at Athens; in the back- ground is the house of DEMOS. DEMOSTHENES Oh! alas! alas! alas! Oh! woe! oh! woe! Miserable Paphlagonian! may the gods destroy both him and his cursed advice! Since that evil day when this new slave entered the house he has never ceased belabouring us with blows. NICIAS May the plague seize him, the arch-fiend-him and his lying tales! DEMOSTHENES Hah! my poor fellow, what is your condition? NICIAS Very wretched, just like your own. DEMOSTHENES Then come, let us sing a duet of groans in the style of Olympus. DEMOSTHENES AND NICIAS Boo, hoo! boo, hoo! boo, hoo! boo, hoo! boo, hoo! boo, hoo!! DEMOSTHENES Bah! it's lost labour to weep! Enough of groaning! Let us consider now to save our pelts.

37. Aristophanes (448385 BC) Greek writer. aristophanes was one of the great Greek dramatists. Of 44 comedies, only 11 complete plays survive, with 1,000 fragments of other works. Read more about http://classiclit.about.com/od/aristophanes/p/aa_aristophanes.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zGCID=this.zGCID?zGCID+" test11":" test11" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Education Classic Literature Classic Literature Search Classic Literature Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Classic Literature Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum Aristophanes By Esther Lombardi , About.com Guide Filed In: A-to-Z Writers A-to-Z Writers A - Writers - Last Names Aristophanes zSB(3,3) (448-385 BC) Greek writer. Aristophanes was one of the great Greek dramatists. Of 44 comedies, only 11 complete plays survive, with 1,000 fragments of other works. Aristophanes Birth: Aristophanes was probably born in Athens, Greece around 448 BC. He was the son of Philippos. Aristophanes Education: Very little is known about the life of Aristophanes, except that he had an impressive theatrical career. He was also probably well educated and may have had property. He had three sons: Philippos, Araros, and Nikostratos. The Works of Aristophanes: Aristophanes' first comedy was produced in 427 BC and his last was produced in 386 BC or later. He created approximately 44 comedies. Only 11 complete comedies and some 1,000 brief fragements of his lost comedies survive. The Plays: The 11 plays that exist today include: "Acharnians," "Knights," "Clouds" (incomplete), "Wasps," "Lysistrata," "Women at the Thesmophoria," "Frogs," "Ecclesiazusae," and "Plutus."

38. The Knights, An Introduction To The Play By Aristophanes An introduction to the play by aristophanes. http://www.theatredatabase.com/ancient/aristophanes_002.html

Home Ancient Theatre Medieval Theatre 16th Century ... Email Us THE KNIGHTS an introduction to the play by Aristophanes T HE KNIGHTS The Revellers and The Babylonians , were apparently youthful essays, and are both lost. The other, The Acharnians , forms the first of the three Comedies dealing directly with the War and its disastrous effects and urging the conclusion of Peace; for this reason it is better ranged along with its sequals, the Peace and the Lysistrata , and considered in conjunction with them. In many respects, The Knights may be reckoned the great Comedian's masterpiece, the direct personal attack on the then all-powerful Cleon, with its scathing satire and tremendous invective, being one of the most vigorous and startling things in literature. Already in The Archanians he had threatened to "cut up Cleon the Tanner into shoe-leather for the Knights," and he now proceeds to carry his menace into execution, "concentrating the whole force of his wit in the most unscrupulous and merciless fashion against his personal enemy." In the first-mentioned play Aristophanes had attacked and satirized the whole general policy of the democratic partyand incidentally Cleon, its leading spirit and mouthpiece since the death of

39. Aristophanes Biography Summary | BookRags.com aristophanes summary with 41 pages of lesson plans, quotes, chapter summaries, analysis, encyclopedia entries, essays, research information, and more. http://www.bookrags.com/Aristophanes

40. Aristophanes Biography | BookRags.com aristophanes biography, including 5 pages of information on the life of aristophanes. http://www.bookrags.com/biography/aristophanes/

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