21. What Is Acid Rain? | Acid Rain | US EPA Acid rain is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition (deposited material) from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/what/index.html

@import '../styles/acidrain_styles.css'; @import 'http://www.epa.gov/epafiles/s/epa.css'; Jump to main content. Acid Rain Contact Us Search: All EPA This Area You are here: EPA Home Acid Rain What is Acid Rain? What is Acid Rain? Additional Resources "Acid rain" is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition (deposited material) from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. The precursors, or chemical forerunners, of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and man-made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO and nitrogen oxides (NO x resulting from fossil fuel combustion. In the United States, roughly 2/3 of all SO and 1/4 of all NO x come from electric power generation that relies on burning fossil fuels, like coal. Acid rain occurs when these gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. The result is a mild solution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released from power plants and other sources, prevailing winds blow these compounds across state and national borders, sometimes over hundreds of miles. Wet Deposition Wet deposition refers to acidic rain, fog, and snow. If the acid chemicals in the air are blown into areas where the weather is wet, the acids can fall to the ground in the form of rain, snow, fog, or mist. As this acidic water flows over and through the ground, it affects a variety of plants and animals. The strength of the effects depends on several factors, including how acidic the water is; the chemistry and

22. "ACID RAIN" Has a picture that shows how acid rain forms, and why it s bad. http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/Environmental/acidrain/kids.htm

Here's a picture that illustrates what all the words on the first page mean. This diagram was created by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It shows that factories produce bad things called SO and NO x and release them into the air (These are the yellow dots on the picture). When SO and NO x combine with the air, acid rain is created. Acid rain is very bad and can hurt the environment. It can burn the leaves on your favorite plants and trees. It can even hurt the animals that live in the environment by stopping them from having babies. Currently, there are programs within the government that make factories limit the amount of bad stuff they produce. So far, it seems like these programs are working, but only time will tell. If you want to see some interesting activities and information that the EPA has created for teachers and children please SEARCH the EPA home page for acid rain. From there click on the last item (program homepage). Then find the section for teachers and students. It's very helpful. In addition to the link I already provided, there are lots of other sources on the web that can help young people learn more about the formation of acid rain and its effects on the environment.

23. Acid Rain: Definition From Answers.com acid rain n. Acid precipitation falling as rain. Any precipitation, including snow, that contains a heavy concentration of sulfuric and nitric acids. http://www.answers.com/topic/acid-rain

24. What's Up In The Environment: Acid Rain Project Step 1 State the Problem Step 2 - Research, and Hypothesize or Predict Step 3 - Plan Experiment and Gather Data Step 4 - Analyze the Data and Make a Conclusion http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/wue/air2_procedures.html

25. Atmosphere, Climate & Environment Information Programme Explains what acid rain is, how we measure it, and what it s doing to buildings and our health. http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/kids/acidrain.html

HOMEPAGE INFORMATION SHEETS FEEDBACK Rain is very important for life. All living things need water to live, even people. Rain brings us the water we need. But in many places in the world even where you live, rain has become a menace. Because of pollution in the air, acid gases from factories, cars and homes, the rain is becoming dangerous for the life of every living creature. This rain is known as 'acid rain' WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Acid gases are produced when fossil fuels like coal and oil are burned in power stations, factories and in our own homes. Most of these acid gases are blown into the sky, and when they mix with the clouds it can cause rain - or snow, sleet, fog, mist or hail - to become more acidic. The opposites of acid are alkalis; for example, toothpaste and baking powder are both alkalis. Strong alkalis can also be dangerous, such as ammonia and bleach. Lemon juice, vinegar and cola are all acidic. Rain is naturally acidic, but acid gases make it even more acidic, sometimes as acid as lemon! Nature can also produce acid gases, such as volcanoes. When they erupt, the smoke that comes out of the crater is also full of acid gases.

26. Acid Rain | Buzzle.com Acid Rain Learn about what is acid rain, causes and acid rain effects, environmental problem and solutions to acid rain. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/acid-rain/

Home World News Latest Articles Escape Hatch ... Endless Buzz Acid Rain Learn about what is acid rain, causes and acid rain effects, environmental problem and solutions to acid rain. Effects of Acid Rain The effects of acid rain are adverse. It affects human beings, plants, animals, both aquatic and terrestrial. Read the content below to know how damaging is acid rain to the environment. Causes of Acid Rain In the following article we will discuss various causes of acid rain in a bid to eliminate all the existing myths about it. Continue reading for more information on some lesser known facts about the concept of acid rain. Acid Rain Facts Need to know more about the acid rain facts? Then this article will give you all the information that you need about this rain. Read on for more information... Acid Rain Causes In the following article we will discuss some of the most prominent acid rain causes in a bid to make you understand how acid rain is caused and how we are contributing to it. Continue reading for more information on acid rain and its causes. Acid Rain Effects on Plants Precipitation of acidic form of rain is known as acid rain. It has many harmful effects on the flora and fauna. In this article you will learn about the acid rain effects on plants.

27. Acid Rain K-12 Experiments For Lesson Plans & Science Fair Projects Acid rain K12 experiments background information for lesson plans, class activities science fair projects for elementary, middle and high school students. http://www.juliantrubin.com/encyclopedia/environment/acidrain.html

@import url(http://www.juliantrubin.com/imagesgen/template1.css); @import url(http://www.juliantrubin.com/imagesgen/template2.css); @import url(http://www.juliantrubin.com/imagesgen/template3.css); Home Experiments Environmental Sciences Fair Projects Biology Jokes ... Warning! Acid Rain Enter your search terms Submit search form Web www.juliantrubin.com Experiments Home Environmental Sciences Acid Rain Environmental Sciences Fair Projects Home Global Warming Endangered Species Ozone ... Books The Orchid Grower Acid rain occurs when fossil fuels such as coal, gasoline, and fuel oils are burned and emit oxides of sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen into the air. These oxides combine with moisture in the air to form sulfuric acid, carbonic acid, and nitric acid. When it rains or snows, these acids are brought to Earth in what is called acid rain. Acid Rain K-12 Experiments Acid Rain Experiments: What is a buffer? What happens to the pH of a buffered solution when acid or base is added, and how does this compare to an unbuffered solution? Observing the Influence of Acid Rain on Plant Growth - EPA The damaging effects of acid rain on plants - MSTE Influences of SO ... pH Experiments Acid Rain Acid rain is defined as any type of precipitation with a pH of below 5.0. Normal rain has a pH which can range between 4.5 and 5.6 with an average value of 5.0. This natural

28. Acid Rain Kids Site Tells the tale of Lucy Lake and has games. http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/education/site_kids/

Some features of this site require the latest version of Macromedia Flash Player. Download a free copy of Macromedia Flash Player EPA Air Markets EPA Environmental Explorer's Club ... Contact Us

29. Acid Rain - Air Quality, Air Pollution And Climate Change Air Quality, Air Pollution and Climate Change The term ‘acid rain’ means any form of precipitation like rain, fog, snow, or hail that contains harmful substances such as http://www.acidrain.org/

Acid Rain Air Quality, Air Pollution and Climate Change Acid Rain Acid Rain The term ‘acid rain’ means any form of precipitation like rain, fog, snow, or hail that contains harmful substances such as nitrogen and sulfur oxides. The major human sources do come from the industry, transportation, and a variety of power plants. Strictly speaking these industrial amounts of nitrogen, sulfur oxides and general pollutants from the air cause a drastic increase of the acidity of the precipitation and do also harm plants, humans, and buildings. Fact is that air pollution affects both humans and the nature. Most obvious are the so-called direct effects on human health. Results of recent research show that small particles in the air caused more than 350,000 premature deaths within the 25 countries of the European Union in 2000. Furthermore it has to be taken into consideration that there are also other air pollutants as well as indirect effects on nature and humans. Those indirect effects include effects such as toxic groundwater and corrosion of materials. Due to drastic air pollution and the worsening of the general air quality, the climate does also get affected. If the climate gets warmer it affects a human’s health. A number of researchers fear that a warmer climate in the course of a general climate change may cause more extreme weather conditions. Strictly speaking this would also lead to more injuries and deaths being caused by hurricanes, flooding as well as to property damage. Another effect resulting from a warmer climate is the spread of a variety of insect transmitted diseases such as malaria and bilharzias.

30. Acid Rain Peggy travels to the Wolf Ridge http://reachoutmichigan.org/funexperiments/agesubject/lessons/newton/acdrain.htm

Peggy travels to the Wolf Ridge Environmental Learning Center to learn about acid rain. ACID RAIN What causes acid rain? How does acid rain damage the environment? Is acid rain harmful to people? How does the acid get in the rain? Is there any way to stop the damage it causes? DISCUSSION Acid rain is considered by many people to be one of the most serious environmental problems of our time. It is a global problem that is gradually affecting our world. The term acid rain was coined by Angus Smith when he wrote about industrial pollution in England. Some rain is naturally acidic because of the carbon dioxide (CO2) in air that dissolves with rain water and forms a weak acid. This kind of acid in rain is actually beneficial because it helps dissolves minerals in the soil that both plants and animals need. Recently there has been some concern that the acidity of rain caused by man has increased over the last several decades. Acid rain attacks wildlife, crops and lakes. It can cause the death of forests and damage buildings and monuments. It is even harmful for human beings.

31. Learn Quebec Looks at the causes and effects of acid rain. http://www.qesnrecit.qc.ca/cc/acidrain/webquest.htm

English Français English Français

32. The Acid Rain Report Student-created site discusses the causes, effects, geographic distribution, and possible solutions for acid rain. http://www.angelfire.com/ks3/acidrainreport/

Latest News: This site has undergone a major makeover! I got rid of the framed site because it was causing me major trouble and have made a new site that is split into different sections and looks good for people that have high-speed connections. The old version for people with slower connections is still available. Old Low Bandwidth Version New Higher Bandwidth Version Note: Everything on this site is freeware. I don't care what people take or use as long as they do something useful with it!

33. Acid Rain Authors Rachel Casiday and Regina Frey Department of Chemistry, Washington University St. Louis, MO 63130 http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/Water/FreshWater/acidrain.ht

Acid Rain Inorganic Reactions Experiment Authors: Rachel Casiday and Regina Frey Department of Chemistry, Washington University St. Louis, MO 63130 For information or comments on this tutorial, please contact R. Frey at gfrey@wuchem.wustl.edu Natural Acidity of Rainwater Pure water has a pH of 7.0 (neutral); however, natural, unpolluted rainwater actually has a pH of about 5.6 (acidic).[Recall from Experiment 1 that pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion (H ) concentration.] The acidity of rainwater comes from the natural presence of three substances (CO , NO, and SO ) found in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). As is seen in Table I, carbon dioxide (CO ) is present in the greatest concentration and therefore contributes the most to the natural acidity of rainwater. Gas Natural Sources Concentration Carbon dioxide CO Decomposition 355 ppm Nitric oxide NO Electric discharge 0.01 ppm Sulfur dioxide SO Volcanic gases 0-0.01 ppm Table 1 Carbon dioxide, produced in the decomposition of organic material, is the primary source of acidity in unpolluted rainwater. NOTE: Parts per million (ppm) is a common concentration measure used in environmental chemistry. The formula for ppm is given by:

34. Waterless Car Wash Paint Protection Paint protection system designed to guard against UV damage, acid rain and bird droppings. http://www.paintprotection.co.uk

Home What does Toughseal do? Car Paint Protection. how it works. Where can it be applied? ... Click here for a full range of Car Paint Protection and Waterless Car Wash Eurochem Car Paint Protection sealants are a unique NanoTech Acryloplexin cross-linking acrylic formulation using durable PTFE suspended in the formula. Our Paint Protection chemically bonds to all painted surfaces by using the elastisity of a hydrophobic film that acts as a barrier between the car paint and the destructive elements your vehicle faces every day including Ultra Violet fading, Acid Rain Etching, Bird Lime, Road Salts, wash chemicals and many more, unlike car wax Toughseal will not melt away. As part of the Eurochem Group based in Germany we are committed to providing ongoing research and development to our best car wax range and paint protection products, giving you our customers piece of mind when purchasing a new car. Toughseal/ Eurochem provides only the very best in protection for your vehicle. The Toughseal range of auto care chemicals have been protecting vehicles for over 15 years. We formulate and manufacture over 37.5m liters of car care products each year at our purpose built plants in Germany, UK, USA and Australia. All of our protective products are backed by a 5 and 10 year warranty policy, underwritten by our partner company Splashgroup UK. Toughseal Paint Protection systems are truly the best protection for your vehicle that money can buy..

35. Environment - OurEcology.org News and features about the global environment with sections on climate change, global warming, acid rain, greenhouse effect, ozone layer and air pollution. http://ourecology.org

Acid rain Ecology Environment Global warming ... Contact Us Environment What is environmental protection By the notion of environmental protection we understand all activities whose aim is to exploit, maintain and, if possible, replenish sensible resources and riches of natural environment. Apart from informal activities (ecological organizations and movements), some ecological activities became formalized and made global. Furthermore, international legislative and executive institutions take care of the protection of natural resources The conception of environmental protection appeared in the 19 th century when the processes of industrialization sped up (the development of industry, the growth of cities, the increased exploitation of natural resources) which entailed new threats, such as pollution. At that time people became conscious of human destructive influences and the necessity of protecting their resources. In the 20 th century the development of industry progressed. This intensive expansion, which often took the form of overexploitation, caused other dangers and, accordingly, the development of activities whose aim was to protect the environment. Nowadays these problems are more often than not, regulated by law. The main activities concerning environmental preservation, some more global than others, include the introduction of restrictions on the emission of harmful chemical compounds, a prohibition on using particularly destructive substances, protection of valuable

36. Acid Rain Facts, Acid Rain Information, Acid Rain Pictures, Acid Learn about the causes and effects of Acid Rain at National Geographic, and what you can do to help. http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/global-warming/acid-rain-overview/

37. Global Warming, Air Quality, Climate Change, Ozone, Weather Discusses air quality, acid rain, global warming and ozone depletion. From Manchester Metropolitan University. In English and French. http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/index.html

38. Acid Rain And Our Nation's Capital [USGS] From the U.S. Geological Survey. Shown are photos and historical information on damaged buildings. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/acidrain/

by Elaine McGee Marble surfaces exposed to rain develop a rough "sugary" texture because the calcite grains are loosened as the edges dissolve in the rain water. Column capital volute, Jefferson Memorial, Washington, D.C. VIEW a list of other USGS General Interest Publications Information on the Environment Outreach, Education, and Inquiries This page is URL:http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/acidrain/ Maintained by Eastern Publications Group Web Team Last modified 07.21.97 (akr)

39. What Is Acid Rain? [USGS] What is acid rain? The term acid rain is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/acidrain/2.html

What is acid rain? The term "acid rain" is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. The more accurate term is "acid precipitation." Distilled water, which contains no carbon dioxide, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acid, and those with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline (or basic). "Clean" or unpolluted rain has a slightly acidic pH of 5.6, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, a weak acid. Around Washington, D.C., however, the average rain pH is between 4.2 and 4.4. The extra acidity in rain comes from the reaction of air pollutants, primarily sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, with water in the air to form strong acids (like sulfuric and nitric acid). The main sources of these pollutants are vehicles and industrial and power-generating plants. In Washington, the main local sources are cars, trucks, and buses. Wet and dry bucket collector, used to collect samples for measuring rainfall acidity. Acidity in rain is measured by collecting samples of rain and measuring its pH. To find the distribution of rain acidity, weather conditions are monitored and rain samples are collected at sites all over the country. The areas of greatest acidity (lowest pH values) are located in the Northeastern United States. This pattern of high acidity is caused by the large number of cities, the dense population, and the concentration of power and industrial plants in the Northeast. In addition, the prevailing wind direction brings storms and pollution to the Northeast from the Midwest, and dust from the soil and rocks in the Northeastern United States is less likely to neutralize acidity in the rain.

40. Nyalic - Polymer Resin Coating That Provides Surface Protection For Years. Ultra A nylonic, crystal clear, polymer resin coating providing protection from corrosion, ultraviolet (UV), saltwater, and acid rain on metals, alloys, aluminium, and fibreglass. Information on products, applications and the company plus secure ordering. http://www.nyalic.co.nz

var MenuLinkedBy="AllWebMenus [4]",awmMenuName="menu",awmBN="646";awmAltUrl=""; NYALIC restores and protects painted finishes and tarnished alloy boats to a "like new" appearance. NYALIC is the only transportation and automotive protective coating you will ever need. NYALIC is ideal for use on equipment, structures, facilities, machinery exposed to weather. NYALIC is ideal for use on rural equipment, structures, facilities, machinery exposed to weather. NYALIC offers corrosion protection as well as being the perfect tool for aluminium joinery restoration. NYALIC is the only protective coating you will ever need to ensure protection of public assets. New Zealand Web Sites - The Web Site Directory Listing New Zealand Sites Nyalic NZ Ltd is a member of The New Zealand Retailers Association NYALIC Clear Surface Protectant NYALIC AL ick) is a nylonic, crystal clear polymeric resin coating that provides years of protection against chemical, environmental and ultraviolet corrosion on ferrous and non-ferrous metals, galvanized, anodized, powder coated and painted surfaces. It also works well on plastics, fibreglass, concrete, stone and masonry and even on wood.

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