1. Terrorismfiles.org : Afghanistan History, Terrorismfiles.org Latest news and information on terrorism, terrorist activities, terrorist organizations, attacks and on Osama Bin Laden and the Taliban. http://www.terrorismfiles.org/countries/afghanistan_history.html

Terrorism History of terrorism Terrorism in the 20th century Drug trafficking and terrorism ... Weapons of Mass Destruction STATE -SPONSORED TERRORISM Afghanistan History History Located just northwest of the modern day India, Afghanistan has long served as the northwestern border and gateway for the Indian civilization. Various Indian emperors have ruled the region over the last 3,000 years and its close relations with the rest of India have been well documented by historians. The Hindukush Mountains in the west and Himalayas in the north and northeast served as the borders for India; Afghanistan was an integral part of the Indian kingdoms at various times during its history. In the fourth century B.C.E., Taxila and Kandahar formed important centers of commerce and education for the empire of Ashoka the Great. In fact, Taxila was one of the first universities to be founded in India. In those days, the entire region of today's Afghanistan and northern Pakistan was called Gandhar, after which an important stream of Indian art painting and sculptures has been named. The area was also an important center for Buddhism in its early days and several ancient statues of Buddha and other artifacts of Buddhism are still found in the region.

2. Afghanistan History Afghan Cuisine Family Restaurant brings the taste of Afghanistan to Regina. Weather you like your food spicy or mild, Afghan Cuisine has something sure to delight your taste buds. http://www.afghancuisine.ca/html/afghanistan_history.html

Welcome to the Afghan Cuisine web site. ( The only Afghan restaurant in Saskatchewan ) AFGHANISTAN HISTORY Internal political development, foreign relations, and very existence as an independent state have largely been determined by its geographic location at the crossroads of Central, West, and South Asia. Over the centuries, waves of migrating peoples passed through the region described by historian Arnold Toynbee as a "roundabout of the ancient world"leaving behind a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. The outline of the Afghanistan History In modern times, as well as in antiquity, will focus on vast armies of the world passing through Afghanistan, temporarily establishing local control. To find our more information please visit: www.afghanistans.com:80/Information/History/ Please contact Melcher Media

3. Afghanistan History...info Please Everyone is talking about Afghanistan, but before September 11, most Americans did not even know where it is. Our knowledge of that whole area is very thin. http://www.stanford.edu/group/wais/Afganistan/afghanistan_historyinfoplease11230

Back to Index Afghanistan history...information please Everyone is talking about Afghanistan, but before September 11, most Americans did not even know where it is. Our knowledge of that whole area is very thin. I erred when I said that the Pashtuns used to be called Parthians. In fact they were Pathans, a neighboring tribe. What the relationship is between these two tribes with almost identical names in I do not know. I suspect that they may be the same. Today the Pathans are known as Pashtu in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In all, the Pathans constitute one of the largest tribal groupings in the world. Ronald Hilton - 11/23/01 Webmaster

4. History Of Afghanistan - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The written history of Afghanistan is traced to the Achaemenid Empire in 500 BCE, although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Afghanistan

History of Afghanistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search History of Afghanistan See also Ariana Khorasan Timeline Pre-Islamic period ... Bactria-Margiana (2200–1700 BC) Kambojas (?-550 BC) Median Empire (728–550 BC) Achaemenids (550–330 BC) Seleucids (330–150 BC) Mauryans (305–180 BC) Greco-Bactrians (256–125 BC) Indo-Greeks (180–130 BC) Indo-Scythians Sakas ) (155–80? BC) Indo-Parthians (20 BC-50? AD) Kushans (135 BC-248 AD) Sassanids Indo-Sassanids Kidarites Hephthalites ... 2001–present The written history of Afghanistan can be traced to the Achaemenid Empire in 500 BCE, although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land between 3000 and 2000 B.C. Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived to Afghanistan in 330 BCE after conquering Persia During different periods in history, the region of Afghanistan was sometimes known by different names, such as Ariana Arachosia , and Khorasan . It is the land where many powerful kingdoms established their capitals, including the Greco-Bactrians Kushans Indo-Sassanids Kabul Shahi ... Hotakis , and Durranis On many trade and migration routes, the land of Afghanistan is called the "

5. Afghanistan History Timeline 2 Of 7 - Timeline Help Afghanistan history timeline part 2 of 7 from 1709 to 1879 at Timeline Help http://www.timeline-help.com/afghanistan-history-timeline.html

Timeline Blog RSS Afghanistan History Timeline 2 of 7 - Timeline Help Afghanistan history timeline part 2 of 7 from 1709 to 1879 at Timeline Help. The father of Afghan independence, leader of the Ghilzai Afghans Mir Wais Khan Hotak, conquers Kandahar. Mirwais Khan dies. His son Mir Mahmud Hotaki rules. Mir Mahmud Hotaki frees Herat from the Persians, captures Persian capital Isfahan, and declares himself Shah of Persia. Mir Mahmud Hotaki is killed. His cousin Ashraf Khan succeeds him. September 29 Battle of Damghan: Persian Nadir Shah defeats Ashraf Khan. Nadir Shah occupies Southwestern Afghanistan. Nadir Shah conquers Kandahar. Nadir Shah is killed. Ahmad Shah Abdali succeeds Nadir Shah, and establish the Islamic Durrani empire, considered to be the birth of modern Afghanistan. Timur Shah rules. Kabul becomes the nations capital city. And it will stay the main town till the end of this Afghanistan history timeline. Zaman Shah rules. Mahmood rules. Shah Shujah rules, and signs a treaty of alliance with the United Kingdom. Shuja Shah is overthrowned by his brother Mahmood Shah Durrani War with Persia.

6. Afghanistan And Afghan War Information about Afghanistan and its history from the regime of King Zahir to the emergence of Taliban. Hosted by Free Light Software. http://www.hikyaku.com/afghan/

Afghanistan and Afghan war French display Japanese display Located on the road between the central Asia and Indian subcontinent, Afghanistan has been frequently a theater of fierce battles between powerful neighbors to extend their zone of influence. It was the case of a dispute between Russia and England in 19th century and between USSR and USA during the cold war. But due to its mountainous geography and multi ethnic racial composition that goes beyond the frontier with neighboring countries, Afghanistan can be easily destabilized by a guerilla war even if you win the first dispute. After the retreat of Soviet troops from Afghanistan in 1989, followed by the collapse of the Soviet Union, the direct dispute between Russia and America has temporally stopped but Pakistan, fearing to be devoured by India, has not stop to extend its influence zone to Afghanistan. Al Qaeda attack of World Trade Center led by Osama bin Laden on September 11, 2001 forced people to suddenly realize a strategic importance of Afghanistan from the geopolitical view point. The objective of this site is giving the maximum of information on Afghanistan by tracing its historic, background that should allow you to correctly understand the current Afghan war.

7. Afghanistan: History — Infoplease.com Encyclopedia — Afghanistan History Early History. The location of Afghanistan astride the land routes between the Indian subcontinent, Iran, and central Asia has enticed http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0856490.html

8. The War In Afghanistan: History The War in AfghanistanOnce the communist government of Afghanistan fell in the year 1992, a civil war was being fought between various groups of fighters, the Mujahdeen, who http://www.articlesbase.com/politics-articles/the-war-in-afghanistan-history--60

9. Backgrounder On Afghanistan: History Of The War (Human Rights Watch Backgrou Covers the development since the Soviet occupation in 1979. By Human Rights Watch. http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/asia/afghan-bck1023.htm

FREE Join the HRW Afghanistan Mailing List Backgrounder on Afghanistan: History of the War October 2001 (download PDF version - 6 pages) Key Sections The First Phase: The Saur Revolution and Soviet Occupation The Second Phase: From the Geneva Accords to the Mujahidin's Civil War The Third Phase: The Taliban's Conquest of Afghanistan Other sources Related Material Afghanistan: Human Rights Watch Key Documents September 11 Attacks: Crimes Against Humanity The Aftermath The U.S- led military intervention in Afghanistan marks the fourth phase in the country's twenty-three-year-old civil war. In every phase foreign powers have intensified the conflict by supporting one side against another. The First Phase: The Saur Revolution and Soviet Occupation After gaining power, Daoud tried to marginalize the Parchamis and distance the government from the Soviet Union. The two factions of the PDPA reunited in 1977 and launched a coup on April 27, 1978, killing Daoud and seizing power. The PDPA government, under Khalq leadership, then embarked on a campaign of radical land reform accompanied by mass repression in the countryside that resulted in the arrest and summary execution of tens of thousands. Those targeted included political figures, religious leaders, teachers, students, other professionals, Islamist organizations, and members of ethnic minorities, particularly the Hazaras, a Shi'a minority that has long been subject to discrimination by Afghanistan's ruling elite. The government's repressive measures, particularly its attempt to reform rural society through terror, provoked uprisings throughout the country.

10. Afghanistan's Web Site -@ Afghanistan History Outline of Afghanistan history Afghanistan's history, internal political development, foreign relations, and very existence as an independent state have largely http://www.afghanistans.com/Information/History/Default.htm

Afghanistan History Home Afghanistan History Natural Regions Rivers and Lakes Climate Natural Resources ... Economy Afghanistan's history internal political development, foreign relations, and very existence as an independent state have largely been determined by its geographic location at the crossroads of Central, West, and South Asia. Over the centuries, waves of migrating peoples passed through the region described by historian Arnold Toynbee as a "roundabout of the ancient world"leaving behind a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. The outline of the Afghanistan History In modern times, as well as in antiquity, will focus on vast armies of the world passing through Afghanistan, temporarily establishing local control. 50,000 BC - 20,000 BC Stone Age Archaeologists have identified evidence of stone age technology in Aq Kupruk (balkh), and Hazar Sum. Plant remains at the foothill of the Hindu Kush mountains indicate, that North Afghanistan was one of the earliest places to domestic plants and animals. 3000 BC - 2000 BC Bronze Age It has been indicated the Bronze have been invented in ancient Afghanistan around this time.

11. Afghanistan History Gifts, T-shirts, Stickers And More - CafePress Shop our large selection of afghanistan history gifts, tshirts, posters and stickers starting at $5 . Unique afghanistan history designs. Fast shipping. http://shop.cafepress.com/afghanistan-history

12. History Of Afghanistan, Afghanan Dot Net Afghanistan History . History AFGHANISTAN'S HISTORY, its internal political development http://www.afghanan.net/afghanistan/history.htm

Afghanistan History Home Afghanistan History Home Prehistory ... The Durrani Empire . The Sadozai shahs Amir Dost Mohammad Khan First Anglo Afghan War Second Anglo Afghan War . Amir Abdur Rahman Khan ... The Taliban . Hamid Karzai History AFGHANISTAN'S HISTORY, its internal political development, its foreign relations, and its very existence as an independent state have been largely determined by its location at the crossroads of Central, West, and South Asia. Waves of migrating peoples poured through the region in ancient times, leaving a human residue to form a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. In modern times, a.. well as in antiquity, great armies passed through the region, establishing at least temporary local control and often dominating Iran and northern India as well. Although it was the scene of great empires and flourishing trade for over two millennia, Afghanistan did not become a truly independent nation until thetwentieth century. For centuries a zone of conflict among strong neighboring powers, the a major opponent as unacceptable. Sometimes the Afghans have been able to use this circumstance to their benefit, but

13. The History Guy: The War In Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) A brief description of the war in Afghanistan against the Taliban and alQaida. http://www.historyguy.com/war_in_afghanistan.html

14. Afghanistan Facts about the land, people, history, government, political conditions, economy, foreign relations of Afghanistan. http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5380.htm

15. Afghanistan History FactCheck.org Afghanistan History. President Obama seemed to rewrite history in his remarks on Friday in Strasbourg, France, telling an audience at a town hall event http://m.factcheck.org/2009/04/afghanistan-history/

@import url(http://wpress.bootnetworks.com/wp-content/themes/carrington-mobile_new/css/advanced.css); Factcheck.org Mobile Home Recent Posts Pages ... Cost of Illegal Immigrants Afghanistan History President Obama seemed to rewrite history in his remarks on Friday in Strasbourg, France, telling an audience at a town hall event: Obama, April 3: But after the initial NATO engagement in Afghanistan, we got sidetracked by Iraq, and we have not fully recovered that initial insight that we have a mutual interest in ensuring that organizations like al Qaeda cannot operate. Aug. 11, 2003 , several months after the U.S. invaded Iraq . A NATO press release called its involvement a "groundbreaking operation" and "the Alliance’s first mission beyond the Euro-Atlantic area." launched the war in Afghanistan had sent troops earlier than 2003 as part of a United Nations-mandated force (the International Security Assistance Force), which was created in late December 2001 and was charged primarily with maintaining security in and around Kabul. NATO took over leadership of the ISAF. Thanks to freelance writer Mark Powell for bringing this misstatement by Obama to our attention.

16. Afghanistan Online: Afghan History A presentation of Afghan history. You will find chronologies, biographies, documents such as past constitutions, and articles dealing with various stages of Afghan history. http://www.afghan-web.com/history/

Home Site Map Search Contact us Chronology Part I (50,000 BCE - 652) Part II (652 - 1747) Part III (1747 - 1978) Part IV (1978 - Present) Personalities of the Past Biographies Ahmad Shah Abdali (Durrani) Sayed Jamaluddin Afghani Dr. Najibullah Ahmadzai Mohammad Akbar Shir Ali (Amir) Allauddin Khan Amanullah (King) Hafizullah Amin Mohammad Ayub Khan Rahman Baba Tahir Badakhsi Jalaluddin Rumi Balkhi Mohammad Daoud (Sardar) Mir Mohammad Sidiq Farhang Abdul Rahim Ghafoorzai Mahmud Ghazni Mir Ghulam Mohammad Ghobar Habibullah (Amir) Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man Mir Mahmud Hotaki Mir Wais Hotaki Habibullah Kalakani (Amir) Babrak Karmal Khalilullah Khalili Khushal Khan Khattak Haji Latif Malalai Abdul Ali Mazari Dost Mohammad (Amir) Meena Mohammad Nadir (King) Ghulam Muhammad Niazi Mohammad Panah (Commander) Mohammad Rabbani (Taliban) Abdur Rahman (Amir) Dr. Anahita Ratebzad Sayed Qasim Reshtya Nahid Sahed Ibn Sina (Avicenna) Shah Shuja (King) Sher Shah Suri Noor Mohammad Taraki Mahmud Tarzi Timur (Shah/King) Abdul Majid Zabuli Ahmad Zahir Various Articles/Images On Afghan History Afghan Women's History (A chronology) Contemporary Afghanistan - The Last Sixty Years (1919-1979) Medieval Jewish community of Afghanistan Image: Mahmud Ghazni's Empire ... Quotes from Afghan Personalities of Yesterday and Today Constitutions of the Past Constitution of 1923 Constitution of 1964 Constitution of 1976 Constitution of 1987 ... Contact Us For Advertisement Information web hosting bed and breakfast American Flag International Calling Cards ... China wholesale

17. Afghanistan History Amy Hertz, Huffington Post Two major powers have struggled for control of Afghanistan over the last few decades, The Soviet Union and the US. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tag/afghanistan-history

18. Afghanistan History A Brief History of Afghanistan By Adam Ritscher. This was delivered as a speech at a Students Against War teachin in Duluth, Minnesota (USA) The story of Afghanistan is in so http://www.afghangovernment.com/briefhistory.htm

A Brief History of Afghanistan: By Adam Ritscher This was delivered as a speech at a Students Against War teach-in in Duluth, Minnesota (USA) The story of Afghanistan is in so many ways a very tragic one. Afghanistan is one of the most impoverished nations of the world. It is one of the most war-torn, most ravaged, and most beleaguered of nations. It is a nation that has been beset by invasion, external pressure and internal upheaval since before the time of Alexander the Great. Its people are a people who have endured more than most of us can ever imagine. In fact, for many Afghanis, all that has changed in the last one thousand years are the weapons which have been used against so many of them. It is therefore with great sadness and respect that I tell the story of Afghanistan. First of all, who are the Afghanis? Afghanistan has historically been the link between Central Asia, the Middle East and the Indian sub-continent. It is therefore a nation made up of many different nationalities – the result of innumerable invasions and migrations. Within its current borders there are at least a dozen major ethnic groups – Baluch, Chahar Aimak, Turkmen, Hazara, Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, Nuristani, Arab, Kirghiz, Pashai and Persian. Historically the Pashtun nationality has been the most dominant. The term Afghan, for example, generally is viewed by other peoples in the country to refer to the Pashtuns. The royal families of the country were Pashtun, and today the Pashtun represent about 50% of the total population. Tajiks come in second with 25%, and the rest make up considerably smaller percentages.

19. History Of Afghanistan -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia Facts about history of Afghanistan major treatment, as discussed in Afghanistan History Facts about history of Afghanistan role of Lytton, as discussed in Robert BulwerLytton http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1251826/history-of-Afghanistan

document.write(''); Search Site: Advanced Search With all of these words With the exact phrase With any of these words Without these words Home SHOP BROWSE BLOG ... HELP Username: Password: Remember me Forgot your password? Help Email " is the e-mail address you used when you registered. Password " is case sensitive. If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you. history-of-Afghanistan My Britannica CREATE MY history of A... NEW ARTICLE ... SAVE history of Afghanistan Table of Contents: history of Afghanistan Article Article Related Articles Related Articles External Web sites External Web sites Citations Article Related Articles External Web sites Citations LINKS Related Articles Aspects of the topic history of Afghanistan are discussed in the following places at Britannica. Assorted References major treatment in Afghanistan: History Variations of the word Afghan may be as old as a 3rd-century- ce Pamirs in Pamirs (mountain region, Asia): Study and exploration

20. Afghanistan: History, Geography, Government, And Culture — Infoplease.com Information on Afghanistan — geography, history, politics, government, economy, population statistics, culture, religion, languages, largest cities, as well as a map and the http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107264.html

Site Map FAQ in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Spelling Checker Daily Almanac for Nov 14, 2010 Search White Pages Skip Navigation Home American Indian Heritage Month ... games, quizzes Editor's Favorites American Indian Heritage Month Veterans Day Most Corrupt Countries in the World Infoplease's Facebook page ... DK Daily Teach Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Share World Countries ... Afghanistan Afghanistan Next Map of Afghanistan President: Hamid Karzai (2002) Total area: 250,000 sq mi (647,500 sq km) Population (2010est.): 29,121,286 (growth rate: 2.4%); birth rate: 38.11/1000; infant mortality rate: 151.5/1000; life expectancy: 44.6; density per sq mi: 128 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Kabul, 2,206,300 Other large cities: Kandahar, 349,300; Mazar-i-Sharif, 246,900; Charikar, 202,600; Herat, 171,500 Monetary unit: Afghani Index Afghanistan Main Page Soviet Invasion The Rise of the Taliban The U.S. Responds to the September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks Reemergence of the Taliban ... Support for the War on the Wane Geography Afghanistan, approximately the size of Texas, is bordered on the north by Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan, on the extreme northeast by China, on the east and south by Pakistan, and by Iran on the west. The country is split east to west by the Hindu Kush mountain range, rising in the east to heights of 24,000 ft (7,315 m). With the exception of the southwest, most of the country is covered by high snow-capped mountains and is traversed by deep valleys.

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