41. Secondary Aplastic Anemia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Secondary aplastic anemia is a failure of the bone marrow to make enough blood cells. All blood cell types are affected. Causes http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000529.htm

Skip navigation A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Home About MedlinePlus ... Contact Us Search MedlinePlus Health Topics ESPAÑOL Secondary aplastic anemia Secondary aplastic anemia is a failure of the bone marrow to make enough blood cells. All blood cell types are affected. Causes Secondary aplastic anemia is caused by injury to blood stem cells. Normal blood stem cells divide and turn into all blood cell types, mainly white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. When blood stem cells are injured, there is a reduction in all blood cell types. This condition can be caused by: Certain drugs Chemotherapy Disorders present at birth (congenital disorders) Drug therapy to suppress the immune system Pregnancy Radiation therapy Toxins such as benzene or arsenic When the cause is unknown, it is referred to as idiopathic aplastic anemia . In about half of all cases, no cause can be found. The disease may be acute or chronic Symptoms Bleeding of the gums Easy bruising Fatigue Frequent or severe infections Nosebleeds Rapid heart rate Rash Shortness of breath during physical activity Weakness Exams and Tests Signs include: Bleeding of internal organs Low platelet count ( thrombocytopenia Low red blood cell count (anemia) Low white blood cell count (leukopenia) Tests may include: Bone marrow biopsy Complete blood count ( CBC Reticulocyte count Treatment It is critical to find out whether secondary aplastic anemia is caused by a medication or exposure. In some cases, removing the exposure can lead to recovery.

42. Aplastic Anemia, Acquired And Inherited Causes Damage to the bone marrow's stem cells causes aplastic anemia. When stem cells are damaged, they don't grow into healthy blood cells. The cause of the damage can be acquired or http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/aplastic/aplastic_causes.html

DCI Home Blood Diseases Aplastic Anemia : Causes What Is ... Causes Who Is At Risk Diagnosis ... Links What Causes Aplastic Anemia? Damage to the bone marrow's stem cells causes aplastic anemia. When stem cells are damaged, they don't grow into healthy blood cells. The cause of the damage can be acquired or inherited. "Acquired" means you aren't born with the condition, but you develop it. "Inherited" means your parents passed the gene for the condition on to you. Acquired aplastic anemia is more common, and sometimes it's only temporary. Inherited aplastic anemia is rare. In many people who have aplastic anemia, the cause is unknown. Some research suggests that stem cell damage may occur because the body's immune system attacks its own cells by mistake. Acquired Causes Many diseases, conditions, and factors can cause aplastic anemia, including: Toxins, such as pesticides, arsenic, and benzene. Radiation and chemotherapy (treatments for cancer). Medicines, such as chloramphenicol (an antibiotic rarely used in the United States).

43. Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, causes, treatment of this rare blood disorder. http://edition.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/aplastic-anemia/DS00322.html

44. Aplastic Anemia - What Is Aplastic Anemia Article describes aplastic anemia, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. http://rarediseases.about.com/od/rarediseasesa/a/aplasticanemia.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Health Rare Diseases Rare Diseases Search Rare Diseases Diseases A-Z Pediatric Diseases In the News ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Discuss in our Forum Apply now to guide this site From Mary Kugler, R.N. , former About.com Guide Updated July 09, 2008 About.com Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by our Medical Review Board See More About: bone marrow disorders blood cell disorders Blood contains red cells, white cells, and platelets zSB(3,3) In aplastic anemia (AA), the bone marrow stops making enough red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Aplastic anemia may appear at any age, but is diagnosed more often in children and young adults. The disorder occurs in about 2-6 individuals per million population worldwide. About 20% of individuals develop aplastic anemia as part of an inherited syndrome such as Fanconi anemia dyskeratosis congenita , or Blackfan Diamond anemia . Most individuals (80%) have acquired aplastic anemia, meaning that it was caused by infections such as hepatitis or Epstein-Barr virus, toxic exposure to radiation and chemicals, or drugs such as chloramphenical or phenylbutazone. Research suggests aplastic anemia may be the result of an autoimmune disorder. Symptoms The symptoms of aplastic anemia come on slowly. The symptoms are related to the low levels of blood cells:

45. My Life With Bad Blood Unlike most blogs, this one reads chronologically from the top down. This means that you will have to scroll all the to the bottom of the page to find the most recent post. http://aplasticanemia.brendangates.com/

46. Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia, or hypoplastic anemia, results from conditions in which blood cell production in the bone marrow or erythrocyte stem cells are underdeveloped, defective, or absent http://www.innvista.com/health/ailments/anemias/aplastic.htm

Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia, or hypoplastic anemia, results from conditions in which blood cell production in the bone marrow or erythrocyte stem cells are underdeveloped, defective, or absent. There is a great decrease in all blood cells produced in the bone marrow -– red cells (which contain hemoglobin and deliver oxygen throughout the body), white cells (vital for immune protection), and platelets (which help clot the blood during bleeding). Any injury to, or destruction of, all of the blood's formed elements in bone marrow or the bone marrow matrix, causes life-threatening pancytopenia (anemia, granulocytopenia, or thrombocytopenia) and results from the decreased functional capacity of a hypoplastic, fatty bone marrow. These disorders generally produce bleeding or infection, particularly when they stem from toxins or infections. Many disease processes interfere temporarily or permanently with the viability of the pluripotential stem cell. Reduction in their numbers or their ability to become committed stem cells causes a reduction in the formation and development of blood cells (hematopoiesis). If all the cell lines are affected, all cellular components of circulating blood are reduced, resulting in the abnormal depression of all the blood elements (pancytopenia). If only the erythrocyte stem cells are affected, the condition in the marrow is termed "pure red cell aplasia" but in the circulation, it is called "aplastic anemia." Pure red cell aplasia has many possible causes: infiltrative disorders of the bone marrow (myelofibrosis, leukemia, myeloma, or carcinoma); autoimmune diseases; renal failure; splenic dysfunction; cobalamin or folate deficiency; infection; and exposure to radiation, drugs, and toxins. The exact mechanism that halts erythropoiesis is not known, but two theories have been proposed.

47. Aplastic Anemia - Definition Of Aplastic Anemia In The Medical Dictionary - By T Aplastic Anemia Definition. Aplastic anemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow greatly decreases or stops production of blood cells. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aplastic anemia

48. Aplastic Anemia & Myelodysplasia Association Of Canada (AAMAC) :: Home Supporting Canadians with bone marrow failure diseases. The Aplastic Anemia Myelodysplasia Association of Canada (AAMAC) is a leading funder of research into bone marrow http://www.aamac.ca/

Welcome to AAMAC.ca Home Contact Us Donate Now Disease Information ... PNH Patients Meeting Meeting, November 20, 2010 Toronto Support Group Meeting, November 13, 2010 More Info Supporting Canadians with bone marrow failure diseases What we do Inform the public about aplastic anemia, MDS and PNH Provide a nation-wide support network for patients and their families Educate and advocate Raise funds for medical research You are not alone If you or someone you know has aplastic anemia, MDS or PNH, contact us. Volunteers with personal experience with these diseases can provide valuable guidance and support. While we provide general information, it should not be considered medical advice.

49. Aplastic Anemia | Define Aplastic Anemia At Dictionary.com –noun Pathology . severe anemia due to destruction or depressed functioning of the bone marrow , usually resulting from bone cancer, radiation, or the toxic effects of http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/aplastic anemia

50. Childrens Severe Aplastic Anemia: Bone Marrow Transplantation What is aplastic anemia? Aplastic anemia occurs when the bone marrow produces too few of all types of blood cells red cells, white cells and platelets. http://www.chw.org/display/PPF/DocID/21856/router.asp

51. Bone Marrow Transplant - Aplastic Anemia This page, from the Rush Bone Marrow Transplant Center, describes causes and treatment for aplastic anemia, a rare disease that strikes the bone marrow. http://www.rush.edu/rumc/page-1124119149290.html

Bone Marrow Transplant Gynecologic Oncology Hematology Oncology (Pediatrics) Cancer Center Cancer Programs Radiation Oncology Prostate Cancer Study Weight Management in Breast Cancer Survivors Rectal Cancer Study Bone Marrow Transplant - Aplastic Anemia Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia is a rare disease that strikes the bone marrow and produces a deficiency of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Hemorrhages and other life-threatening disorders may accompany aplastic anemia; a bone marrow transplant is the only current effective treatment. Aplastic anemia patients who do not receive a bone marrow transplant may go on to develop myelodysplasia which, in turn, can progress to leukemia. Treatment for Aplastic Anemia Although bone marrow transplant is the treatment of choice for aplastic anemia, treatment depends upon the patient's age, the severity of the disease and the availability of a matched donor. Bone Marrow Transplant Center Questions About Aplastic Anemia Q: How common is aplastic amenia? A: Aplastic anemia is a rare disease. It is estimated that there are 2 to 12 new cases per million people per year. It occurs in both adults and children. Myelodysplasia is more common, with the majority of patients being over the age of 50.

52. MEdIC Brought to you by the Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine The University of Texas Medical School at Houston http://www.uth.tmc.edu/pathology/medic/aplastic-anemia.html

Brought to you by the The University of Texas Medical School at Houston MEdIC Health Explorer Professional Education ... Help var PLVFO_ID="PLVFO0" /* PLVFOMenu script ID:PLVFO0 */ Aplastic Anemia: Introduction for the General Physician Aplastic anemia is a hematologic disorder characterized by a decrease in the cellular elements of the peripheral blood. This results from underproduction of peripheral blood elements due to bone marrow failure. Aplastic anemia develops before age 30-40 in patients who are predisposed due to a congenital chromosomal abnormality such as Fanconi's anemia or dyskeratosis congenita. Acquired aplastic anemia may be caused by toxic chemicals, radiation, or by idiosyncratic reactions to medications or infections. However, in over 50% of cases there is no identifiable cause and the condition is then referred to as idiopathic aplastic anemia. Making the Diagnosis Patients with aplastic anemia generally present with symptoms of bleeding or bruising due to the thrombocytopenia (low platelets), tiredness or pallor due to the anemia (low hemoglobin), or infection due to the neutropenia (low white blood cell count). A complete blood count and reticulocyte count usually show depression of all blood elements (pancytopenia). The peripheral blood smear shows no abnormal cells. The diagnosis is confirmed by a bone marrow biopsy with an assessment of cellularity. The bone marrow is also evaluated for the degree of maturation of all cell lines. Aplastic anemia is usually categorized as severe if, in addition to a hypocellular bone marrow for age, two of the three following criteria are present: a platelet count of less than 20,000/mm3, a corrected reticulocyte count of less than 1%, and a granulocyte or absolute neutrophil count [ANC = total white count x (segs + bands)] of less than 500/mm3. Patients With pancytopenia, but not severe enough to meet the above criteria, have mild or moderate aplastic anemia. Very severe aplastic anemia exists if the ANC or granulocyte count is less than 200/mm3.

53. Aplastic Anemia (pathology) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia aplastic anemia (pathology), disease in which the bone marrow fails to produce an adequate number of blood cells. There may be a lack of all cell types—white blood cells http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/29686/aplastic-anemia

document.write(''); Search Site: Advanced Search With all of these words With the exact phrase With any of these words Without these words Home SHOP BROWSE BLOG ... HELP Username: Password: Remember me Forgot your password? Help Email " is the e-mail address you used when you registered. Password " is case sensitive. If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you. aplastic-anemia My Britannica CREATE MY aplastic ane... NEW ARTICLE ... SAVE aplastic anemia Table of Contents: aplastic anemia Article Article Related Articles Related Articles External Web sites External Web sites Citations Article Related Articles External Web sites Citations ARTICLE from the aplastic anemia disease in which the bone marrow fails to produce an adequate number of blood cells leukocytes red blood cells erythrocytes ), and platelets pancytopenia, or there may be a lack of one or more cell types. Rarely, the disease may be congenital ( Fanconi anemia ); more commonly, it is acquired by exposure to certain drugs (e.g., the antibiotic chloramphenicol) or chemicals (e.g., benzene) or to

54. Aplastic Anemia And It's Homeopathic Treatment Aplastic anemia and it's Homeopathic treatment. Ask your health question to Dr.Shah for an homeopathic medical advice. A free homeopathy health service with online treatment http://www.askdrshah.com/aplastic.htm

Dr Shah homeopathy medicines consult ... home Check Dr Shah's web sites Alopecia areata Anxiety Neurosis Asthma Asthma in Children ... Clinical course in India Aplastic Anemia by Dr. Rajesh Shah Definition: Aplastic anemia is a rare (5-10 cases per million), serious condition where the bone marrow fails to produce white cells, red cells and the platelets. Aplastic anemia is observed in children as well as in adults. The term Aplastic comes from the word aplasia that means failure of generation or formation. Anemia means deficiency in the oxygen-carrying component of the blood. The spongy material inside the bones is called as bone marrow and is like a factory that produces blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets). In case of Aplastic anemia bone marrow fails to form or develop blood cells. Remarks: The red cells in the blood carry oxygen from the lungs to all areas of the body. In Aplastic anemia with less number of red cells, body parts do not get sufficient oxygen that is absolutely essential for their functioning.

55. Acquired Aplastic Anemia Symptoms, Causes, And Treatments Important It is possible that the main title of the report Acquired Aplastic Anemia is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/acquired-aplastic-anemia

56. Aplastic Anemia - Clean Water Partners Benzene Exposure Benzene is a colorless, sweet smelling chemical that has been linked to a number of health problems and side effects. This is a chemical that can be found naturally occurring http://www.cleanwaterpartners.org/benzene/aplastic-anemia.html onclick=sa_mpTC(e

57. Marrowforums.org: Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia (AA) is a disease that occurs when the bone marrow stops producing enough stem cells to make the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that the body http://www.marrowforums.org/aa.html

Marrowforums.org Welcome About Marrowforums Bone Marrow Failure Diseases Medical Resources Forum Info Register/Login Forum FAQ Forum Rules Member Profiles AA-MDS-TALK About AA-MDS-TALK Home Forums Help Aplastic Anemia Aplastic anemia (AA) is a disease that occurs when the bone marrow stops producing enough stem cells to make the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that the body needs. With aplastic anemia, the patient's bone marrow is usually found to be hypoplastic , meaning there are few, if any, functioning stem cells. This results in abnormally low numbers of red cells, white cells, and platelets in the bloodstream. The name "aplastic anemia" comes from the words aplasia , the condition in which cells fail to develop, and anemia , a shortage of red blood cells. Aplastic anemia is generally thought to be the result of the patient's own immune system reacting against the bone marrow, interfering with its ability to make blood cells. Aplastic anemia can also occur when the bone marrow is damaged by chemotherapy, some medications, or exposure to certain toxic substances. Aplastic anemia: is a rare disease, with about 600 to 900 new diagnoses each year in the U.S. (2 to 3 people per million). Aplastic anemia is two to three times more common in Asian countries than in the U.S. and Europe, with about 6,000 to 7,000 new diagnoses reported annually worldwide.

58. Idiopathic Aplastic Anemia - Overview Idiopathic aplastic anemia Overview, Idiopathic aplastic anemia is failure of the bone http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000554.htm

Information For Referring Physicians Nurses Health Care Professionals ... Connect With UMMC Connect with UMMC Email this page Print this page Home Home Medical Reference Encyclopedia (English) Toggle: English / Spanish Related Content Division of Hematology Hematologic Malignancies Program Our Doctors Ask an Expert Idiopathic aplastic anemia - Overview Overview Symptom Treatment Prevention ... All Information Alternative Names Anemia - idiopathic aplastic Definition of Idiopathic aplastic anemia: Idiopathic aplastic anemia is failure of the bone marrow to properly make blood cells. See also: Anemia Secondary (acquired) aplastic anemia Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Bone marrow is the soft tissue in the center of bones. It helps form blood cells. Aplastic anemia results from injury to the blood stem cell, a cell that develops into other blood cell types. The injury causes a reduction in the number of every type of blood cell in the body red cells, white cells, and platelets. Low numbers of red cells, white cells, and platelets is a condition called pancytopenia. Idiopathic means the cause is unknown. However, idiopathic aplastic anemia is thought to occur when the body reacts against its own cells. This is called an autoimmune disorder.

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