61. Cholera Information about cholera, an acute diarrheal illness caused by a bacteria found in food and water. http://goafrica.about.com/od/healthandsafety/p/cholera.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Travel Africa Travel Africa Travel Search Africa Travel Plan Your Trip Destinations Best of Africa ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Africa Travel Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum Cholera By Anouk Zijlma , About.com Guide See More About: africa vaccinations africa travel warnings africa health tips africa first aid kit zSB(3,3) What is Cholera?: Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae . The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but sometimes it can be severe. Approximately one in 20 infected persons has severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours. How Can I Get Cholera?: A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food contaminated with the cholera bacterium. In an epidemic, the source of the contamination is usually the feces of an infected person. The disease can spread rapidly in areas with inadequate treatment of sewage and drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in brackish rivers and coastal waters. Shellfish eaten raw have been a source of cholera. Cholera cannot be transmitted from one person to another.

62. Gabriel Garcia Marquez | UNESCO Courier | Find Articles At BNET Interview about life and writings after writing Love in the Time of cholera . http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1310/is_1991_Oct/ai_11514559

BNET Log In Join Search All of BNET Publications Library Home Commentary Leadership Life at Work ... Newspaper Collection @import "http://i.i.com.com/cnwk.1d/Ads/common/css/siteSkin/bnet_mantleSkin.css"; document.cookie='MAD_FIRSTPAGE=1;path=/;domain=findarticles.com'; Reference Publications Gabriel Garcia Marquez UNESCO Courier Oct, 1991 by Manuel Osorio Next Born in the Colombian village of Aracataca in 1929, Gabriel Garcia Marquez made his mark as a master of the modern novel with the publication of Cien anos de soledad in 1967 (published in English as One Hundred Years of Solitude in 1970). His reputation was cemented with the award of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982. In this interview he speaks of his personal vision of Latin America and evokes some of the principal themes of his work, in which elements of fantasy and the marvellous mingle with the most banal reality to give everyday life a mythical and universal dimension. Garcia Marquez's other major works published in English include No-one Writes to the Colonel, (1968), The Autumn of the Patriarch (1976) and Chronicle of a Death Foretold, (1983). His most recent work is Love in the Time of Cholera. In Latin America different cultures have come together to create something new and rich. Are Latin Americans aware of this intermixing?

63. Cholera - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis - Condition Factsheets - Body & cholera is a bacterial infection of the small bowel that can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration. http://bodyandhealth.canada.com/channel_condition_info_details.asp?disease_id=31

64. Page Not Found | British Red Cross News and information about the cholera outbreak and food crisis in Zimbabwe and the surrounding region. Includes photo gallery, podcasts, BBC News diary, and how to help. http://www.redcross.org.uk/TLC.asp?id=89498

65. Cholera Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments And Causes - WrongDiagnosis.com cholera information including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, causes, patient stories, videos, forums, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/cholera/intro.htm

66. Choléra : Conseils Aux Voyageurs - Choléra - Santé - Dossiers - Ministère De Le Minist re de la sant et des sports de France pr sente son dossier et conseils aux voyageurs. http://www.sante-sports.gouv.fr/cholera-conseils-aux-voyageurs.html

window.onload=montre; window.onload=heightEqualizer Ministère de la Santé et des Sports Le Ministère Adresse postale du ministère Présentation et organigrammes La Ministre de la santé et des sports. Agenda Santé Toute l’actualité de la santé Les dossiers de la santé de A à Z Les alertes sanitaires Les manifestations et les colloques ... Le répertoire des métiers de la Fonction publique hospitalière Sports Toute l’actualité des sports L’organisation du sport en France L’accès au sport pour le plus grand nombre Le sport de haut niveau ... Le répertoire des informations publiques Nous adhérons aux principes de la charte HONcode Vérifiez ici Accueil Choléra Choléra : conseils aux voyageurs Conseils aux voyageurs (PDF - 2.7 Mo) Archives Information aux passagers embarquant à destination du Sénégal (14/04/2005) (PDF - 9.1 ko) Information aux passagers de retour du Sénégal (01/04/2005) (PDF - 9.8 ko) Communiqué de presse : épidémie de choléra au Sénégal, région de Touba/Diourbel (25/03/2005) (PDF - 14.9 ko) Informations internationales La Ministre de la santé et des sports.

67. Cholera- Biological Weapons cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholera, a short, curved, gramnegative bacillus. Humans acquire the disease by consuming water or food contaminated with the http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/intro/bio_cholera.htm

Education Jobs Travel White Papers ... Public Eye Get the day's top stories every morning in your inbox from our newsletter. EMAIL (required) Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Cholera Cholera Attributes Cholera Pictures Join the GlobalSecurity.org mailing list Enter Your Email Address Cholera Cholera is a disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholera . The disease first emerged in the 1800s from Calcutta, India where it had caused disease for centuries. Since then, 7 cholera pandemics have swept through the world. 16 strains of Vibrio cholera have been discovered with the deadliest being the 01 and 0139 strains of the bacteria. The bacterium secretes chloride to block the small intestine's ability to absorb sodium, which produces thin, grayish brown, mucoid diarrhea in the victims. Victims lose 10-12 liters of fluids a day. The First Asiatic Cholera Pandemic, suspected to have begun at the Kumbh festival on the upper Ganges River, lasted from 1817 to 1823. 10,000 British troops and countless Indians died during this pandemic. By 1820, the pandemic had spread to Thailand and Indonesia, and then spread throughout Asia to Russia and Turkey leaving destruction in its path. The severe winter of 1823-4 stopped the pandemic at the doorsteps of Europe in the Caspian Sea area. The Second Pandemic lasted from 1826 to 1837. It spread from the Indian subcontinent to Afghanistan and Russia by 1827, and Poland, Hungary, Germany, and the British Isles by 1831. Immigrants brought the deadly pandemic to Canada and the United States in 1832, and cholera spread down to Mexico and Cuba. The pandemic reached Portugal and Spain by 1833 and then spread across to France and Italy between 1834 and 1836. Through other branches of the pandemic, cholera was spread to Syria, Palestine, Mecca, and Cairo. The disease spread along the trade routes, from port to port, aided by the urbanization of the industrial revolution.

68. Institut Pasteur - Choléra L Institut Pasteur pr sente son dossier pid miologie, pr vention et traitement. http://www.pasteur.fr/ip/easysite/go/03b-00000j-0et/presse/fiches-sur-les-maladi

Accueil English Plan du site Newsletter ... Fiches sur les maladies infectieuses / Choléra Choléra Epidémiologie Afrique Vibrio cholerae Transmission Symptômes et traitement et Les Vaccination au début des années 90 en raison de son efficacité insuffisante (protection de 50% des sujets pendant environ six mois). Un premier vaccin oral constitué de bactéries tuées et de la sous-unité B de la toxine cholérique a fait l’objet de vastes essais cliniques au Bangladesh entre 1985 et 1989 (60 000 personnes) et au Pérou : la protection obtenue a été de 85% les 6 premiers mois mais de 51% seulement au bout de 3 ans. De plus, ce vaccin s’est montré beaucoup moins efficace chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans. Il ne peut donc pas être utilisé en mesure générale de santé publique mais en revanche, selon l’OMS, " ". Ce vaccin a été présélectionné par l’OMS et utilisé avec le soutien de cette organisation pour plusieurs campagnes de vaccination de masse. C’est le seul vaccin anticholérique oral actuellement disponible sur le marché international. Il a reçu une Autorisation de Mise sur le Marché (AMM) européenne, mais n’est pas disponible en France à ce jour. Selon l’avis du conseil supérieur d’hygiène publique de France, ce vaccin ne doit pas être recommandé habituellement chez les voyageurs, pour qui la première prévention contre le choléra demeure le respect des mesures d’hygiène.

69. Water Related Diseases, Cholera - Lenntech General information about cholera, origin, symptoms, distribution Anaemia Arsenicosis Ascariasis Botulism Campylobacteriosis cholera Cryptosporiodiosis http://www.lenntech.com/library/diseases/cholera/cholera.htm

Home Library UV Cholera Cholera Anaemia Arsenicosis Ascariasis Botulism ... Campylobacteriosis Cholera Cryptosporiodiosis Cyanobacterial toxins Dengue Diarrhoea ... Typhoid Cholera is an acute, diarrhoeal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food contaminated with the cholera bacterium. The disease can spread rapidly in areas with inadequate treatment of sewage and drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in brackish rivers and coastal waters. Approximately 1 in 20 infected people has severe disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhoea, vomiting and leg cramps. In these people rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shoal. Without treatment death can occur within hours. Cholera cases and deaths were officially reported by WHO, in the year 2000, from 27 countries in Africa, 9 countries in Latin America, 13 countries in Asia, 2 countries in Europe, and 4 countries in Oceania. In the same year some 140,000 cases resulting in approximately 5000 deaths were officially notified at WHO. Africa accounted for 87% of these cases. Click here to learn for more information about waterborne diseases , dimension of the problem, transmission, prevention.

70. Médecine Tropicale Explications de Pierre Aubry, dans le cadre du dipl me de m decine tropicale des pays de l Oc an Indien, Universit de Bordeaux 2. http://medecinetropicale.free.fr/cours/cholera.htm

Choléra Actualités 2010 Professeur Pierre Aubry. Mise à jour le 28/09/2010 Introduction Le choléra est une maladie infectieuse diarrhéique à caractère épidémique, d’origine bactérienne, transmise par voie digestive. C’est une maladie du péril fécal par excellence. C’est une véritable urgence en santé publique. Le choléra est le compagnon privilégié des catastrophes naturelles et des situations de conflits avec déplacements massifs de populations. Il peut cependant survenir dans un contexte de stabilité politique et en l’absence de toute calamité naturelle, lorsque les conditions socio-économiques des populations sont favorables à son développement. Situation mondiale du choléra La 7 ème pandémie actuelle remonte à 1961. Partie des Célèbes, en Indonésie, la maladie s’est rapidement propagée au monde entier : Asie Orientale Bangladesh Inde Moyen Orient - Europe Afrique d’ouest en est Amérique Latine Océan indien : Comores, Madagascar Quelle est la situation actuelle du choléra dans le monde en 2009? EN 2009, 45 pays ont notifié 221 226 cas de choléra, dont 4 348 décès (létalité : 2,24%). Comme les années précédentes, les chiffres ne prennent pas en compte les 500 à 700 000 cas de diarrhée aqueuse aiguë qui surviennent dans de vastes régions d'Asie centrale, de l'Asie du sud-est et de certains pays africains. L'Afrique a notifié en 2009, 217 333 cas, soit 98% du total mondial, dont 4 883 décès (2,25%), l'Asie 1902 cas, l'Océanie 1897 cas.

71. Cholera - Definition And More From The Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary Definition of word from the MerriamWebster Online Dictionary with audio pronunciations, thesaurus, Word of the Day, and word games. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cholera

72. Why Is Cholera Spreading In Haiti Now?: Scientific American cholera (pathology), an acute infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by extreme diarrhea with rapid and severe depletion of http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=cholera-outbreak-haiti&page

73. Institut De Veille Sanitaire L Institut de veille sanitaire (INVS) donne des informations g n rales sur la maladie. http://www.invs.sante.fr/surveillance/cholera/

74. Cholera Prevention, Cholera Outbreak, Cholera Epidemic cholera is present in many countries know more about cholera prevention, cholera outbreak, cholera epidemic. http://www.searo.who.int/EN/Section10/Section391.htm

Communicable Diseases Cholera Cholera Basic Facts What is cholera? What should I do if I think I may have cholera? Where are the outbreaks of cholera? Do vaccinations work against cholera? ... What can I do to avoid cholera? What is cholera? Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae . A person can become infected by drinking contaminated water or eating food contaminated by the bacterium. Common sources of infection are raw or poorly cooked seafood, raw fruit and vegetables, and other foods that have been contaminated during preparation or storage. Most episodes of cholera are mild. Persons who have been infected may have no symptoms or only mild diarrhoea . Others, however, develop very severe watery diarrhoea and vomiting. The loss of large amounts of fluids can rapidly lead to severe dehydration causing death - sometimes within three to four hours - if the patient is not adequately treated. What should I do if I think I may have cholera? If you have diarrhoea , especially severe diarrhoea , in an area where there is cholera, seek treatment immediately from a physician or other trained health care provider. Begin drinking water and other non-sweetened fluids, such as soup, on the way to getting medical treatment.

75. Krunal Cholera - Homepage Seeks employment in networking and/or web design. Experienced in Pascal, C programming, VERILOG, UNIX, Assembly Language 8085, 8086, and 80386. http://astro.temple.edu/~krunal

Skip Flash Intro Krunal Cholera Skip Flash Intro Krunal Cholera

76. Robert Koch - Biography Biography of the German physician who is considered as one of the founders of bacteriology. Koch became famous for the discovery of the anthrax, the tuberculosis and the cholera bacillus and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1905/koch-bio.html

Home FAQ Press Contact Us ... Nobel Prize in Medicine Robert Koch - Biography About the Nobel Prizes Facts and Lists Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel Prize in Chemistry ... Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies Sort and list Nobel Prizes and Nobel Laureates Create a List All Nobel Prizes Nobel Prize Awarded Organizations Women Nobel Laureates Nobel Laureates and Universities Prize category: Physics Chemistry Medicine Literature Peace Economics The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 Robert Koch The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 Summary Presentation Speech Robert Koch ... Nobel Lecture Biography Robert Koch But this did not satisfy Koch. He also wanted to know whether anthrax bacilli that had never been in contact with any kind of animal could cause the disease. To solve this problem he obtained pure cultures of the bacilli by growing them on the aqueous humour of the ox's eye. By studying, drawing and photographing these cultures, Koch recorded the multiplication of the bacilli and noted that, when conditions are unfavourable to them, they produce inside themselves rounded spores which can resist adverse conditions, especially lack of oxygen and that, when suitable conditions of life are restored, the spores give rise to bacilli again. Koch grew the bacilli for several generations in these pure cultures and showed that, although they had had no contact with any kind of animal, they could still cause anthrax.

77. Cholera - Symptoms, Treatment, And Prevention Of Cholera Find out about symptoms, treatment, and prevention of cholera, caused by the bacteria, Vibrio cholera. Learn about the epidemiology of this common epidemic and tips for http://infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/diseasesbyname/a/cholera.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Health Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Search Infectious Diseases Infections in Kids Foodborne Diseases Diseases A-Z ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Discuss in our Forum Apply now to guide this site Cholera From Ingrid Koo, Ph.D. , former About.com Guide Updated October 15, 2010 About.com Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by the Medical Review Board See More About: infections from seafood dehydration diarrheal diseases outbreaks ... cholera zSB(3,3) Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease that is deadly without treatment. Thanks to modern hygienic advances, such as clean sanitation systems and drinking water, the disease is rare in the US and other developed countries. Even though cholera is easily prevented and treated, it remains a huge public health problem in countries where hygienic practices and sanitation systems are not established. For example, the cholera epidemic in parts of Africa has been ongoing for more than 30 years, due to inadequate sanitation and water treatment systems. Species Name: Vibrio cholerae Type of Microbe: Gram-negative bacteria How it spreads: Transmission usually results from consuming water that is contaminated with feces from an infected person. Consumption of cholera can happen through drinking contaminated water or eating foods that have been washed with or made with contaminated water. This kind of water-borne transmission is common in areas with poor sewage systems and unclean drinking water. Foodborne transmission may also occur when an individual eats raw or undercooked shellfish. For example, people in the US have occasionally contracted cholera from eating undercooked shellfish from the Gulf of Mexico. Person-to-person transmission is unlikely.

78. National Institute Of Cholera And Enteric Diseases Involved in research in molecular epidemiology, biochemistry and molecular biology and microbiology, virology and parasitology. http://icmr.nic.in/niced.htm

79. Seuchengeschichte - Titelseite cholera, Pest, Pocken, Tuberkulose und ihre Bek mpfung. Ausz ge aus dem Ausstellungsband Das grosse Sterben Seuchen machen Geschichte des Deutschen Hygiene-Museums Dresden. http://www.gapinfo.de/gesundheitsamt/alle/seuche/infekt/sg/index.htm

Geschichte der großen Seuchen Bitte wählen Sie das gewünschte Thema Cholera Tuberkulose Pest Syphilis Pocken Geschichte der Seuchenbekämpfung Typhus Measures for controlling epidemics ... Infektionsschutzgesetz

80. CATHOLIC LIBRARY: Superiore Anno (1884) On the recitation of the rosary. Previous year s October Marian devotions judged a success. Also mentions cholera epidemic then sweeping France and Italy. Encyclical promulgated 30 August, 1884. http://www.newadvent.org/library/docs_le13sa.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... Church Documents > Superiore Anno (1884) Superiore Anno On the Recitation of the Rosary His Holiness Pope Leo XIII August 30, 1884 To All Our Venerable Brethren the Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, and Bishops of the Catholic World in the Grace and Communion of the Apostolic See. Venerable Brethren, Health and Apostolic Benediction. 3. With respect to Italy, it is now most necessary to implore the intercession of the most powerful Virgin through the medium of the Rosary, since a misfortune, and not an imaginary one, is threateningnay, rather is among us. The Asiatic cholera, having, under God's will, crossed the boundary within which nature seemed to have confined it, has spread through the crowded shores of a French port, and thence to the neighboring districts of Italian soil.To Mary, therefore, we must flyto her whom rightly and justly the Church entitles the dispenser of saving, aiding, and protecting giftsthat she, graciously hearkening to our prayers, may grant us the help they besought, and drive far from us the unclean plague. 4. We have therefore resolved that in this coming month of October, in which the sacred devotions to Our Virgin Lady of the Rosary are solemnized throughout the Catholic world, all the devotions shall again be observed which were commanded by Us this time last year.We therefore decree and make order that from the 1st of October to the 2nd of November following in all the parish churches (curialibus templis), in all public churches dedicated to the Mother of God, or in such as are appointed by the Ordinary, five decades at least of the Rosary be recited, together with the Litany. If in the morning, the Holy Sacrifice will take place during these prayers; if in the evening, the Blessed Sacrament will be exposed for the adoration of the faithful; after which those present will receive the customary Benediction. We desire that, wherever it be lawful, the local confraternity of the Rosary should make a solemn procession through the streets as a public manifestation of religious devotion.

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