41. Confucianism Articles and online resources on Kong Fu Zi and the history of confucianism. http://kfz.freehostingguru.com/

Confucius and Confucianism Named for at 6th century B.C. Chinese teacher and thinker, K'ung Fu-tzu, whose Latinized name is Confucius, Confucianism is one of the three religions that form the traditional heritage of China (together with Taoism and Buddhism). read more Neo-Confucianism as propagated by Zhu Xi (1130-4200, in Japanese, Shushi) of Song China became the most influential doctrine in shaping the thought and behavior of the Japanese people. This was in part due to the state sanction and encouragement given to its teachings. Tokugawa Ieyasu and his successors found its ideal of orderly submission to the authorities well suited to the bakufu's desire to maintain a stable political and social order. read more In its early form (before the 3d cent. B.C.) Confucianism was primarily a system of ethical precepts for the proper management of society. It envisaged man as essentially a social creature who is bound to his fellows by jen, a term often rendered as humanity,?or human-kind-ness.?Jen is expressed through the five relations overeign and subject, parent and child, elder and younger brother, husband and wife, and friend and friend. Of these, the filial relation is usually stressed. read more The Confucian tradition has a long historical legacy in East Asia extending from China across Korea and Japan and into Vietnam. The influence of Confucianism has been significant in political thought and institutions, social relationships and ritual exchange, educational philosophy and moral teaching, cultural attitudes, and historical interpretation. Indeed, Confucian values still play an important part in East Asian life despite the striking inroads of modernization and westernization.

42. Confucianism - Simple English Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia confucianism is the philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius (511 BC 479 BC), who was an important Chinese philosopher. confucianism has a complex system of moral http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianism

Confucianism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Engraving of Confucius Confucianism is the philosophy based on the teachings of Confucius (511 BC - 479 BC), who was an important Chinese philosopher . Confucianism has a complex system of moral, social, political, and religious thought, and has had a large influence on the history of Chinese civilization Confucianism was made to stop the fall of Chinese society. After the Zhou Dynasty fell, people cared only for themselves and didn't have any respect for others. Confucianism became a social order for China, teaching that social relationships are the most important. People slowly started to believe in it, because they wanted to have peace, but they had to care for themselves too. As a result, Confucianism brought the people love, harmony, and respect for one another. Confucianism was started in Ch'u-fu, Confucious's birthplace. Today, Confucianism is spread all the way around the world, but is still more pronounced in China. The teachings of Confucious focus largely on the respect of one's parents, elders, and ancestors. Also, he taught that humans 'can never stop learning'; meaning that knowledge is infinite, therefore we will always learn, never stopping. For example, he once asked a seven-year-old child to be his teacher, because the child knew something that he did not.

43. Exploring Chinese History :: Culture :: Philosophy :: Confucianism Chinese philosophy confucianism. confucianism (Traditional Chinese 儒學; Simplified Chinese 儒学; Pinyin R xu ; literally means The School of the Scholars ; see http://www.ibiblio.org/chinesehistory/contents/02cul/c04s04.html

_in("b","cult","cu04","cu0404","","cul"); Contents Introduction Core Confucian Texts The Four Books The Five Classics ... Confucian Figures Introduction Shrine of Confucius in Thian Hock Keng in Singapore. Confucianism (Traditional Chinese: 儒學; Simplified Chinese: 儒学; Pinyin: R�xu�; literally means "The School of the Scholars"; see Names for Confucianism for details) is an East Asian ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the early Chinese sage Confucius. It is a complex system of moral, social, political, and religious thought which had tremendous influence on the history of Chinese civilization up to the 21st century. Some have considered it to have been the "state religion" of imperial China. The cultures most strongly influenced by Confucianism include those of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, as well as various territories including Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and Singapore, where ethnic Chinese are the majority. Core Confucian Texts The development of Confucianism is traced through the development of its canon. It is therefore helpful to first list the main Confucian texts. The orthodox canon of Confucian texts, as eventually formulated by Zhu Xi, is the so-called "Four Books and Five Classics". These are:

44. LDS.org - Ensign Article - Confucianism Next Previous; Print; Email; Spencer J. Palmer, “confucianism,” Ensign, Jul 1971, 44. Confucius, after whom confucianism was named, was a man of obscure http://lds.org/ldsorg/v/index.jsp?hideNav=1&locale=0&sourceId=5dcf945bd3

45. Confucianism | Define Confucianism At Dictionary.com –noun the system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his disciples, stressing love for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/confucianism?qsrc=2446

46. Confucianism - New World Encyclopedia confucianism (Chinese 儒家, Pinyin r jiā, literally The School of the Scholars ; or, less accurately, 孔教 kŏng ji o, The Religion of Kong ) is an East Asian school http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Confucianism

Confucianism From New World Encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Previous (Conflict theory) Next (Confucius) Statue of Confucius on Chongming Island in Shanghai Confucianism (Chinese: 儒家, Pinyin: rújiā, literally " The School of the Scholars "; or, less accurately, 孔教 kŏng jiào , "The Religion of Kong") is an East Asian school of ethical, philosophical, and (more contentiously) religious thought originally developed from the teachings of the early Chinese sage Confucius B.C.E. ). As a school of thought, it is primarily focused on morality , interpersonal ethics and the cultivation of the civility, which is understood to contribute to the establishment of a harmonious and well-ordered society. Those who argue for the school's religious dimensions, a group that seems to represent an ever-increasing percentage of scholars and Sinologists, argue that the seemingly secular focus of Confucian thought simply reflects the notion of an "antropocentric cosmos," wherein the Mandate of Heaven ( Tian ) and the avenues to transcendence are utterly immanent realities. Debated during the Warring States Period and forbidden during the short-lived Qin Dynasty, Confucianism was chosen by

47. Confucianism, China Facts, Chinatravel.com. confucianism,Introduction Since Confucius initiated confucianism, though it has gone through changes of past dynasties, it has been the mainstream of Chinese ideology http://www.chinatravel.com/facts/religions-and-beliefs/confucianism.htm

Confucianism Home China Facts Destinations Deals ... Users Hello,Guest Login China Facts General China China Visa Traditional Chinese Medicine Chinese Food ... More about China Site Search You are at: Home China Facts Religions And Beliefs Confucianism Last Update: 2008-11-25 0:23:00; By chinatravel Edition History Edit Introduction: Table of Contents Introduction Influence of Confucianism View 0 photos , or upload your photo. TOP Introduction Since Confucius initiated Confucianism, though it has gone through changes of past dynasties, it has been the mainstream of Chinese ideology, politics and culture all through the ages. "The traditional culture of China has a long history and Confucianism basically occupies a backbone position." The three phases of its development are additionally introduced here： The first phase is pre-Qin Confucianism, which is also called primitive Confucianism. The society that it appeared in is at the key period of great revolution. Under the social climate of collapsed rites and music, Confucius and Mencius took the enlightenment of King Wen of the Zhou Dynasty and transformed the norm of rites and music into the foundation of the practice of human relations. Confucius (551 - 479 B.C.) is a great thinker and educator in the period of Spring and Autumn and Warrring States and the founder of the Confucian School. The main literature representative of his thoughts is the Analects. The basic thoughts of Confucius can be embodied in the following six aspects:

48. Confucianism: Facts, Discussion Forum, And Encyclopedia Article confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Confucianism

Home Discussion Topics Dictionary ... Login Confucianism Confucianism Topic Home Discussion Definition Overview Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius Confucius Confucius , literally "Master Kong," was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher.... (Kǒng Fūzǐ, or K'ung-fu-tzu, lit. "Master Kong", 551–478 BC). It is a complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical Chinese philosophy Chinese philosophy is philosophy written in the Chinese tradition of thought. Chinese philosophy has a history of several thousand years; its origins are often traced back to the Yi Jing , an ancient compendium of divination, which uses a system of 64 hexagrams to guide action... , and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia. It might be considered a state religion State religion A state religion is a religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state. Practically, a state without a state religion is called a secular state. The term state church is associated with Christianity, and is sometimes used to denote a specific national branch of Christianity... of some East Asian countries, because of governmental promotion of Confucian philosophies.

49. The Harmony Project - Sacred Path Confucianism Sacred stories of oneness and interfaith harmony. The Harmony Project is collection of personal spiritual journeys of people of different religions. http://www.theharmonyproject.org/confucianism.html

Sacred Paths Introduction to Sacred Paths Buddhism Christianity Confucianism ... Taoism Confucius Stone Rubbing, Ming Dynasty Recommended Reading An Introduction to Confucianism by Xinzhong The Analects of Confucius: A New Millennium Translation by Confucius, David Li (Editor) Transformations of the Confucian Way by John H. Berthrong Confucius: The Secular As Sacred by Herbert Fingarette Confucianism by Peter Occhiogrosso Confucius "Confucianism has been stereotyped as rigid, authoritarian, and anti-individualistic. Nonetheless, aspects of Confucianism have found their way into our own culture, notably into our educational system, in the use of examinations to place civil servants, and in the use of bureaucratic systems as controlling structures in business as well as government." Confucianism: The Neglected Eastern Religion by Julia M. Hardy The acceptance of Confucianism took place gradually over many years and many different kinds of official proclamations. But when the Han emperor Wu, who ruled from 141 to 87 BCE, eliminated from his court the canonical scholars who taught non-Confucian books, in effect Confucianism became the only available teaching of the imperial court. In essence, this made Confucianism the state ideology, although some scholars now believe that the teachings that were enshrined in this fashion and that eventually became the source of learning to be a public official were actually a distortion of Confucius's own beliefs. In any event, these principles ultimately formed the basis of civil service exams, and remained so with a few interruptions until the revolution of 1911 overthrew the monarchy. In a country that models its heavenly hierarchy after the structure of government bureaucracy, this may have been the ultimate tribute.

50. Confucianism 'confucianism' is a somewhat misleading translation made by Christian missionaries of the Chinese terms referring to 'the tradition of scholars or literati', of which the http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/confuc/geness.html

Confucianism members of this tradition are learned people or gentlemen in the broad sense, emphasising the value and significance of morals, history and rituals; they commit themselves to the learning and interpretation of ancient classics; and they endeavour to carry out, politically and ethically, collectively and individually, the principles embodied in these classics. Because of the differences in methods of study and versions of the textbooks, Scholastic Confucianism developed along two different lines into two different schools, the New Text School and the Old Text School; the former was represented by the greatest Han scholar Tung Chung-shu (179?-104? BCE), while the latter was represented by Yang Hsiung (53 BCE-18 CE). One of the principal differences between the two schools was that the former held a more religious and transcendental view of Confucius and of the Confucian doctrine concerning the harmony between humanity and Heaven, while the latter took Confucius only as a perfect human being and rationalistically believed that the balance between humanity and Heaven was rooted solely in human activities themselves. During the time of the Wei-Jin dynasties (220-420), learning in general acquired a mystical dimension as a result of Taoism's and neo-Taoism's domination of Chinese scholarship. The dominant position of Taoism did not lead to the disappearance of Confucianism. Rather, Confucianism developed through incorporating and penetrating Taoist understanding and methodology, and thus became part of the so-called Mystical Learning (Hsuan Hsueh).

51. Confucianism Al Islam Official website of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community - an Islamic organization, international in its scope, with branches in over 195 countries. This is the most dynamic http://www.alislam.org/library/books/revelation/part_2_section_3.html

In the Name of Allah, The Most Gracious, Ever Merciful. Al Islam Love for All, Hatred for None. Browse Al Islam Home Islam Ahmadiyyat Library ... Books Mirza Tahir Ahmad Preface Part I Part II Hinduism ... Buy the book from the Al-Islam Online Store. Confucianism Confucius (click to enlarge) ONFUCIANISM is a treasure house of profound wisdom. A study of this religion reveals that rationality, revelation and knowledge go hand in hand in leading man to truth. Although many Chinese consider it to be a religion on the pattern of other Divinely revealed religions of the world, there are others among them who view it as a mere philosophy. In Japan, for instance, Confucianism has no geography of its own. The followers of Taoism, Shintoism and Buddhism equally believe in Confucianism as a philosophy compatible with their own. Hence they coexist in a diffused form, unheard of in the case of other religions of the world. Examining the early texts upon which Confucianism is founded, there is no doubt that this religion too is squarely built on a sound belief in the existence of God. It owes much of its philosophy and wisdom to revelation, rather than to the contemplations of wise men. The extent to which this religion has deviated from its original course can be measured by the currently popular spirit-worship, so commonly found among the adherents of Confucius today. In the source material of Confucius however, there is not the slightest hint of any such superstitious beliefs and practices. Evidently therefore, as happened in the case of other religions, Confucianism also drifted away from its original sources with the passage of time. Many superstitions and erroneous practices crept into it at the cost of the belief in one Supreme God. A tragedy, alas, which is repeated only too often.

52. Chinese Cultural Studies: In Defense Of Buddhism A defense of Buddhism written to refute some of the charges against the new religion from India by Confucian and other Chinese. While the author and date of composition are uncertain, this kind of tract was common in China under the Southern Dynasties (420-589 CE). http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/texts/dispos.html

Main Other Chinese Web Sites Chinese Cultural Studies: In Defense of Buddhism The Disposition of Error (c. 5th Century BCE) from P .T. Welty, The Asians: Their Heritage and Their Destiny , (New York" HarperCollins, 1953, 1976), repr. in Kevin Reilly, Readings in World Civilizations Vol 1 , 2d. ed., (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994), pp. 165-70 [Reilly Introduction] The Disposition of Error appears to be a defense of Buddhism written to refute some of the charges against the new religion from India by Confucian and other Chinese. While the author and date of composition are uncertain, we know that this kind of tract was common in China under the Southern Dynasties (420-589 CE). What kind of objections to Buddhism did Chinese Confucians have? How did the Buddhists answer these objections? Was Buddhism fundamentally "un-Chinese"? WHY IS BUDDHISM NOT MENTIONED IN THE CHINESE CLASSICS? The questioner said: If the way of the Buddha is the greatest and most venerable of ways, why did Yao, Shun, the Duke of Chou, and Confucius not practice it? In the seven Classics one sees no mention of it. You, sir are fond of the Book of Odes and the Book of History, and you take please in rites and music. Why, then, do you love the way of the Buddha and rejoice in outlandish arts? Can they exceed the Classics and commentaries and beautify the accomplishments of the sages? Permit me the liberty, sir, of advising you to reject them. Mou Tzu [ a Chinese Buddhist

53. Confucianism confucianism. by Judith A. Berling. Focus on Asian Studies, Vol. II, No. 1 Asian Religions, pp. 57, Fall 1982. Copyright AskAsia (Asia Society), 1996. http://www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln270/Berling-Confucianism.htm

Confucianism by Judith A. Berling Focus on Asian Studies, Vol. II, No. 1: Asian Religions , pp. 5-7, Fall 1982. AskAsia (Asia Society), 1996. Confucianism is often characterized as a system of social and ethical philosophy rather than a religion. In fact, Confucianism built on an ancient religious foundation to establish the social values, institutions, and transcendent ideals of traditional Chinese society. It was what sociologist Robert Bellah called a "civil religion," the sense of religious identity and common moral understanding at the foundation of a society's central institutions. It is also what a Chinese sociologist called a "diffused religion"; its institutions were not a separate church, but those of society, family, school, and state; its priests were not separate liturgical specialists, but parents, teachers, and officials. Confucianism was part of the Chinese social fabric and way of life; to Confucians, everyday life was the arena of religion. The founder of Confucianism, Master Kong (K'ung, Confucius, 551-479 B.C.E.) did not intend to found a new religion, but to interpret and revive the unnamed religion of the Zhou (Chou) dynasty, under which many people thought the ancient system of religious rule was bankrupt; why couldn't the gods prevent the social upheavals? The burning issue of the day was: If it is not the ancestral and nature spirits, what then is the basis of a stable, unified, and enduring social order? The dominant view of the day, espoused by Realists and Legalists, was that strict law and statecraft were the bases of sound policy. Confucius, however, believed that the basis lay in Zhou religion, in its rituals (

54. Half Man Half Shark Personal details. Family genealogy and photos. confucianism section. Projects (current development and recent). http://www.mrnguyen.com/

55. Confucianism confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (Kǒng Fūzǐ, or K'ungfu-tzu, lit. http://www.kosmix.com/topic/Confucianism

Kosmix One sec... we're building your guide for Confucianism document.k_start_apptier = "Nov 14 07:18:20.302160"; kapp.assignCol($('ads_banner_top'), 'topnav_container'); Confucianism Overview Shopping Images Video ... Reference kapp.nav_menu_container = $('refine_nav').down(".navs_container"); kapp.assignCol($('refine_nav'), 'topnav_container'); kapp.assignCol($('uc_kosmixarticles_shadow'), 'right_container'); Snapshot Wikipedia Yahoo! Reference from Wikipedia Confucianism Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (Kǒng Fūzǐ, or K'ung-fu-tzu, lit. "Master Kong", 551–478 BC). It is a complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia. It might be considered a state religion of some East Asian countries, because of governmental promotion of Confucian philosophies. Cultures and countries strongly influenced by Confucianism include mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan and Vietnam, as well as various territories settled predominantly by Chinese people, such as Singapore.

56. CONFUCIANISM Li includes ritual, propriety, etiquette, etc. Hsiao love within the family love of parents for their children and of children for their parents http://www.religioustolerance.org/confuciu2.htm

About this site About us Our beliefs Your first visit? Contact us ... Vital notes World religions BUDDHISM CHRISTIANITY Who is a Christian? Shared beliefs ... Comparing religions Non-theistic... Atheism Agnosticism Humanism Other About all religions Main topics Basic info. Gods/Goddesses Handling change ... More info. Spiritual/ethics Spirituality Morality/ethics Absolute truth Peace/conflict Attaining peace Relig. tolerance Relig. freedom Relig. hatred ... Relig. violence "Hot" topics Very hot topics 10 command Abortion Assisted suicide ... Other topics Laws and news Religious laws Religious news Confucianism Beliefs, teachings, and relationships Sponsored link. document.write(''); Beliefs: Confucian ethical teachings include the following values: Li : includes ritual, propriety, etiquette, etc. Hsiao : love within the family: love of parents for their children and of children for their parents Yi : righteousness Xin : honesty and trustworthiness Jen : benevolence, humaneness towards others; the highest Confucian virtue Chung : loyalty to the state, etc. Teachings: Confucius taught that when societies operate under laws, people are punished by authorities after having committed illegal activities. People generally conform to the laws, often without necessarily understanding the rationale behind them. He promoted a different way: to internalize behaviors so that actions are controlled beforehand. People then behave properly because they wish to avoid feeling shame and want to avoid losing face. In theory, the result is a reduction in the number of coercive laws required for smooth functioning of the society.

57. CONFUCIANISM: A BRIEF SUMMARY confucianism A Brief Summary of Confucius and His Teachings. by . Kathy Shinn. confucianism is the complex system of moral, social, political, and religious http://www.csuchico.edu/~cheinz/syllabi/asst001/fall97/11kshinn.htm

Confucianism A Brief Summary of Confucius and His Teachings by Kathy Shinn Confucianism is the complex system of moral, social, political, and religious teaching built up by Confucius and the ancient Chinese traditions. Confucianism goal is making not only the man virtuous, but also making him the man of learning and of good manners. The perfect man must combine the qualities of a saint, scholar, and gentleman. Confucianism is a religion whose worship is centered in offerings to the dead. The notion of duty is extended beyond the boundaries of morals and embraces the details of daily life. Confucius had a noble and commanding personality. Examples of this is illustrated in his moral teachings and by the high-minded men that he trained to continue his life-work. In their admiration of him, they declared him the greatest of men, the sage without flaw, the perfect man. He didn�t make any pretension to have virtue and wisdom. He was aware of his shortcomings, and he made no attempt to keep that concealed. Confucius�s love of virtue and wisdom is described in Analects as one "who in the eager pursuit of knowledge, forgot his food, and in the joy of attaining to it forgot his sorrow". Whatever traditional records of the past, whether history, lyric poems, or rites and ceremonies which promoted virtue, he sought out and taught to his disciples. He was a man of an affectionate nature, sympathetic, and most considerate towards others. He loved his disciples dearly, and won in turn their undying devotion.

58. Confucianism confucianism (Chinese 儒 家; pinyin R jiā) is an ancient Chinese ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the early Chinese philosopher http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/c/Confucianism.htm

Confucianism 2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection . Related subjects: Philosophy Confucianism Chinese pinyin Chinese ethical and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of the early Chinese philosopher Confucius (Kong Fuzi/K'ung-fu-tzu, lit. "Master Kung"). It focuses on human morality and good deeds. Confucianism is a complex system of moral, social, political philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had tremendous influence on the culture and history of East Asia. Some consider it to be the state religion of East Asian countries because of governmental promotion of Confucian values. The cultures most strongly influenced by Confucianism include Mainland China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Vietnam, as well as various territories settled predominantly by Chinese people. This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters History Confucianism was chosen by Han Wudi (141 BCE - 86 BCE) for use as a political system to govern the Chinese state. Despite its loss of influence during the

59. Confucius Publishing Home Page An introduction to Confucius, his philosophy and the tradition of confucianism in China and East Asia, both for beginners and experts. http://www.confucius.org/

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60. Discovering China: Contributions This page is about confucianism in China. confucianism Origins The founder of confucianism is Confucius. He was born to a poor family around the year 551 BC, in what is now http://library.thinkquest.org/26469/contributions/confucianism.html

History The Cultural Revolution CityScape Contributions ... Interactive Contributions Confucianism Buddhism Taoism World Religions ... guestbook Confucianism Origins The founder of Confucianism is Confucius. He was born to a poor family around the year 551 BC, in what is now the Shangdong Province. His ambition was to hold a high government office and to reorder society though the administrative apparatus. At most he seems to have had several insignificant government posts, a few followers, and a permanently blocked a career. And the age of 50 he perceived his divine mission, and for the next 13 years tramped from state to state offering unsolicited advice to rulers on how to improve their governing, while looking for an opportunity to put his own ideas into practice. That opportunity never came, and he returned to his own state teaching and editing classical literature. He died in 479 BC, aged 72. Theory Confucianism is often defined as conduct of obedience such as women obey and defer to men, younger brothers to elder brothers, and sons to fathers; respect flows upwards, from young to old, from subject to ruler. Most people regarded that as the essence of Confucianism. For most westerners, it is seen as oppressive or no freedom. But, it was not religious part of Confucianism; it was just surface result, morality. While the god of Christianity is absolute god, there is no sole absolute god in Confucianism. It is just human that exist in Confucianism. Therefore, one's family must restrict human egoism. Man exists not as individual but as a collection.

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