61. History Of Mathematics Home Page Spring 2009 Lectures TTh 6 (500620AM) in SERC 211 (Busch Campus); go to lecture table; Text Victor J. Katz, History of Mathematics Brief Version. Addison Wesley (ISBN 0321161939), 2004. http://www.math.rutgers.edu/courses/436/s09/436.html

History of Mathematics Prof. Weibel Office hours Lectures: TTh 6 (5:00-6:20AM) in SERC 211 (Busch Campus); go to lecture table Text: Victor J. Katz History of Mathematics: Brief Version. Addison Wesley (ISBN: 0321161939), 2004. This course will present an overview of the development of mathematics from ancient civilizations to the 19th century. Selected topics from the history of mathematics including number systems; Euclidean geometry; the development of algebra in India, Arabia, and the West; and calculus. Special emphasis will be placed on some recurrent themes, e.g., calculation of areas, progressive enlargement of number systems, changing concepts of rigorous proof. Besides lectures, part of the course will be devoted to presentations of selected topics by participants, either in class or in the form of papers. Term Paper As part of the SAS core curriculum writing requirement, there will be a term paper consisting of at least 4,000 words. (This is about 8 single-spaced pages, or 16 double-spaced pages.) Students are expected to select a branch of mathematics, approved by the professor, and write about how it has evolved over the course of history. Examinations Midterm examination: Tuesday, March 10 in class covering through week 7.

62. Lebesgue Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history////Mathematicians/Lebesgue.html

Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Lebesgue formulated the theory of measure in 1901 and the following year he gave the definition of the Lebesgue integral that generalises the notion of the Riemann integral. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (24 books/articles) Some Quotations Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Honours awarded to Henri Lebesgue (Click below for those honoured in this way) LMS Honorary Member Fellow of the Royal Society Lunar features Crater Lebesgue Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica GMFW in French) Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © June 2004 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Lebesgue.html

63. Levy_Paul Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Levy_Paul.html

Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (12 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Additional Material in MacTutor (Click below for those honoured in this way) LMS Honorary Member Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica (in French) Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © May 2000 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Levy_Paul.html

64. YouTube - History Of Mathematics Share your videos with friends, family, and the world http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wo-6xLUVLTQ

65. Math Forum: Famous Problems In The History Of Mathematics History of mathematics presented through famous problems, with some exercises and their solutions. Done in conjunction with the Math Forum, the home of Ask Dr. Math. http://mathforum.org/isaac/mathhist.html

A Math Forum Project Introduction Mathematics has been vital to the development of civilization; from ancient to modern times it has been fundamental to advances in science, engineering, and philosophy. As a result, the history of mathematics has become an important study; hundreds of books, papers, and web pages have addressed the subject in a variety of different ways. The purpose of this site is to present a small portion of the history of mathematics through an investigation of some of the great problems that have inspired mathematicians throughout the ages. Included are problems that are suitable for middle school and high school math students, with links to solutions, as well as links to mathematicians' biographies and other math history sites. WARNING: Some of the links on the page in this site lead to other math history sites. In particular, whenever a mathematician's name is highlighted, you can follow it to link to his biography in the MacTutor archives. Table of Contents The Bridges of Konigsberg - This problem inspired the great Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler to create graph theory, which led to the development of topology. The Value of Pi - Throughout the history of civilization various mathematicians have been concerned with discovering the value of and different expressions for the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

66. Markov Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history//Mathematicians/Markov.html

Andrei Andreyevich Markov Click the picture above to see three larger pictures A A Markov was a Russian mathematician who is is best known for his work in probability and for stochastic processes especially Markov chains. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (12 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Honours awarded to Andrei Andreyevich Markov (Click below for those honoured in this way) Lunar features Crater Markov St Petersburg Mathematical Society Honorary Member Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica University of Minnesota Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © August 2006 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Markov.html

67. Radon Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history//Mathematicians/Radon.html

Johann Radon Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Johann Radon worked on the calculus of variations, differential geometry and measure theory. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (7 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Other Web sites Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © August 2006 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Radon.html

68. Stieltjes Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history///Mathematicians/Stieltjes.html

Thomas Jan Stieltjes Click the picture above to see a larger version Thomas Stieltjes worked on almost all branches of analysis, continued fractions and number theory. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (7 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica Leiden Netherlands Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © November 1999 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Stieltjes.html

69. History Of Mathematics Instructor Office Phone Office hours EMail; M. J. DeLeon S E 222 561-297-3341 When in his office and MWF 415-445 deleonmj@fau.edu http://math.fau.edu/HTMLFILE/Outlines/mathhist.html

MHF 3404 HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS COURSE SYLLABUS FALL SEMESTER 1998 Instructor Office Phone Office hours E-Mail M. J. DeLeon When in his office and MWF 4:15-4:45 deleonmj@fau.edu TEXT. An Introduction to the History of Mathematics (Sixth Edition) by Howard Eves. Booksmart Oaks Plaza Used only, $56.30 University Bookstore University Center New: $82.35 Used:$61.65 PREREQUISITE. Discrete Mathematics (MAD 2104) and some knowledge of calculus. CATALOG DESCRIPTION OF MHF 3404. Chronological study of the evolution of mathematical thought from primitive counting to the ideas of the 20th century. COURSE EMPHASIS. A very heavy emphasis will be placed on History of mathematics. Also emphasized will be Proofs Solving problems Writing in a clear and logical manner Disproving false statements. Making conjectures STUDYING ALONE OR STUDYING IN A GROUP Research by Uri Treisman at the University of California at Berkeley suggests that students can improve their performance in mathematics classes if they study in groups with group work being a complement to (not a replacement of) individual study. Group work also has the advantage of promoting a blurring of the distinctions between the academic and social spheres of students' lives. Each student in History of Mathematics should consider forming a study group with two to five other students. Each student in this History of Mathematics class should have the phone number of from two to five students in this class in order to find out what was missed if absent from class.

70. Wiener_Norbert Summary A biography from the MacTutor History of Mathematics http://turnbull.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Wiener_Norbert.html

Norbert Wiener Click the picture above to see ten larger pictures Norbert Wiener was an American mathematician who did important work on probability. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (11 books/articles) Some Quotations Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Additional Material in MacTutor Obituary: The Times Honours awarded to Norbert Wiener (Click below for those honoured in this way) AMS Colloquium Lecturer Speaker at International Congress AMS Gibbs Lecturer Speaker at International Congress ... Lunar features Crater Wiener Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica AMS (An electronic version of the AMS article) [registration required] AMS [registration required] San Francisco (Extracts from Wiener's article on Cybernetics) Some stories (Norbert Wiener as the prototype of the absent-minded professor) Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © October 2003 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Wiener_Norbert.html

71. History Of Mathematics - Reading Comprehensions Reading Comprehensions Pythagoras the Father of Numbers (Grades 67) Euclid Father of Geometry (Grades 6-7) Archimedes (Grades 6-7) http://www.edhelper.com/math_history.htm

edHelper.com Math Worksheets Social Studies History of Mathematics Theme Unit Quiz History of Mathematics Quiz (Grades 9-12) review quiz - options for multiple pages, keys Edit the History of Mathematics Quiz (Grades 9-12) review quiz using edHelper's quiz editor tool Short Reading Comprehensions Short Readers Square Root Day (Short Reader; Grade 7 Readability) Reading Comprehensions Pythagoras: the Father of Numbers (Grades 6-7) Euclid: Father of Geometry (Grades 6-7) Archimedes (Grades 6-7) Mathematics in Mesopotamia (Grades 6-8) ... Just When Math Got Organized, Chaos Popped Up (Grades 9-12) Read and Color A Brief History of Mathematics History of Mathematics Time Line Time line - Pre-made PDF for your bulletin board (8 pages) Customize the history of mathematics printable and make custom print-outs Book Units What's Your Angle, Pythagoras? (Grades 5-8) Teacher Recommendations: Worksheet and Lesson Plan Activity Ideas Math Math Worksheets and Math Printables Science Science Theme Units Money Money Worksheets Time Time Worksheets Calendar Calendar Plants Plants Spelling Spelling Words Geometry Geometry Worksheets Solar System Solar System and Planets Reading Comprehension Reading Comprehension Stories and Worksheets Weather Weather Social Studies Social Studies Theme Units Poetry Poetry Phonics - Printable Books, Worksheets, and Lesson Plans

72. Indexes Of Biographies Biographies of famous mathematicians, indexed alphabetically and chronologically. Part of MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BiogIndex.html

Indexes of Biographies Click below to go to either an alphabetical or chronological index. Full indexes are available, but these files are quite large (about 200K). Alphabetical indexes A B C D ... XYZ Chronological indexes -500 AD 1940 - present Female mathematicians Recent changes to the archive ... Full Chronological index Enter a word or phrase: Main index History Topics Index Birthplace Maps Famous curves index ... Search Form JOC/EFR February 2005 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/BiogIndex.html

73. BUBL LINK: History Of Mathematics s ARCHIMEDES; British Society for the History of Mathematics; European Mathematical Information Service; Historia Matematica Mailing List......Titles http://bubl.ac.uk/link/h/historyofmathematics.htm

BUBL LINK Catalogue of Internet Resources Home Search Subject Menus Countries ... Z History of mathematics Titles Descriptions ARCHIMEDES British Society for the History of Mathematics European Mathematical Information Service Historia Matematica Mailing List ... Museum of Hewlett Packard Calculators Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk ARCHIMEDES Collection of materials relating to the mathematician Archimedes, covering Archimedean Solids, Spheres and Planetaria, Coins of Syracuse and the Archimedes Crater. Author: Rorres, Chris Subjects: history of mathematics DeweyClass: Resource type: documents British Society for the History of Mathematics The society promotes research into the history of mathematics, for use in mathematics education. Author: British Society for the History of Mathematics Subjects: history of mathematics, mathematics societies DeweyClass: Resource type: institution European Mathematical Information Service An extensive collection of mathematics journals, conference proceedings, and monographs, available online or in TeX or PostScript format. Includes access to the MATH database from 1931 and MATHDI from 1976. Author: European Mathematical Society Subjects: history of mathematics, mathematics links, mathematics research

74. Abbe Biography Biography of the mathematician with links to relevant terms and related links. From the MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Abbe.html

Ernst Abbe Born: 23 Jan 1840 in Eisenach, Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (now in Germany) Died: 14 Jan 1905 in Jena, Germany Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index Version for printing Ernst Abbe 's father worked as a spinner who found it extremely difficult to provide for his family. Kendall, writing in [ ], describes Ernst's childhood:- His childhood was one of privation, his father worked on his feet hours every day with no breaks for meals. Ernst, however, won scholarships and was helped through his studies by his father's employer. for his teaching qualification. M G Kendall , see [ ] or [ ], writes:- O B Sheynin has recently called attention to a most remarkable paper by Ernst Abbe, presented in in which Abbe derives not only the c distribution, but R L Anderson's distribution of the serial correlation coefficient. ... The paper is a superbly competent piece of work and perhaps the most remarkable anticipation of later studies of distribution theory that have yet come to light. Abbe was appointed professor of physics and mathematics at Jena in 1870 and, in 1878, he was appointed director of the astronomical observatory at Jena and of the meteorological observatory at Jena.

75. History Of Mathematics Written by Julie Boyd (University of South Australia, 1996) Mathematicians in general are not a well known group. However, women mathematicians are even less well known. http://www.roma.unisa.edu.au/07305/intro.htm

History of Mathematics The Contributions of Women Written by Julie Boyd (University of South Australia, 1996) Mathematicians in general are not a well known group. However, women mathematicians are even less well known. It is possible to read most histories of mathematics and find little or no mention of women mathematicians, even of the few there were. This article is therefore intended to trace the impact some of these women have had on the development of mathematics. However, firstly, why were there so few women mathematicians? It appears that the reason for this was that in almost any age women faced many barriers, which men of far less ability did not have to face. For women, talents alone were not sufficient criteria for success in mathematics. The woman also needed to have drive and determination, not only to ignore role stereotypes but also to overcome the restrictions placed on their education. It was not until these barriers were crossed that women were able to develop and enjoy their talents (Perl 1978 and Osen 1990). The women that will be discussed in this article all came from either academic or wealthy upper-class families. Some of the women were from the French and English aristocracy and so had the benefits of outstanding mathematicians as teachers. This was important as education for girls was until very recently nonexistent or very much restricted, as there was great prejudice against women studying subjects such as mathematics or science. These areas were considered to be male fields. However, even when women did receive the equivalent of a secondary education, colleges were closed to them, as it was believed that women were made for childrearing and that "brain work" may conflict with this function (Perl 1978).

76. Ruffini Biography Biography of the Italian mathematician and physician. In the MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Ruffini.html

Paolo Ruffini Born: 22 Sept 1765 in Valentano, Papal States (now Italy) Died: 10 May 1822 in Modena, Duchy of Modena (now Italy) Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index Version for printing Paolo Ruffini 's father, Basilio Ruffini, was a medical doctor in Valentano. As a young child Paolo was [ ... of a mystical temperament and appeared to be destined for the priesthood... The family moved to Reggio, near Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy, when Paolo was a teenager. He entered the University of Modena in 1783 where he studied mathematics, medicine, philosophy and literature. Among his teachers of mathematics at Modena were Luigi Fantini, who taught Ruffini geometry, and Paolo Cassiani, who taught him calculus. The Este family ruled Modena and, in 1787, Cassiani was appointed as a councillor for the Este estates. Cassiani's course at Modena on the foundations of analysis was taken over by Ruffini in 1787-88 although he was still a student at this time. On 9 June 1788 Ruffini graduated with a degree in philosophy, medicine and surgery. Soon after this he graduated with a mathematics degree. Ruffini must have made a good job of the foundations of analysis course he took over from Cassiani for, on 15 October 1788, he was appointed professor of the foundations of analysis. Fantini, who had taught Ruffini geometry when he was an undergraduate, found his eyesight deteriorating and in 1791 he had to resign his post at Modena. Ruffini was appointed to fill the position of Professor of the Elements of Mathematics in 1791. However, Ruffini was not only a mathematician. He had trained in medicine and, also in 1791, he was granted a licence to practice medicine by the Collegiate Medical Court of Modena.

77. World Of Mathematics Mathematics is one of the oldest disciplines in science. It begins in almost all cultures with basic mathematics, counting and measuring. The evolution of mathematics was http://www.zentralblatt-math.org/portal/en/history/

Language: English Search: ZMATH MSC 2000 Serials Contact World of Mathematics Database ... Site Map History of Mathematics Mathematics is one of the oldest disciplines in science. It begins in almost all cultures with basic mathematics, counting and measuring. The evolution of mathematics was varying in different countries and times: centuries of stagnation alternates with centuries of major advancements. Another specific feature of mathematics: there are rarely outdated theories, theorems or proofs. The geometry of Euclid or the equations of Gauss are today as correct as they were at the time of their development. So older work is valuable not only for historians, laymen, teachers and students but also for the current researcher in mathematics. Historical Sources Our literature databases provide information about articles and books, and links to original texts over an extensive time period. In ZMATH there are bibliographic data, reviews and links to full texts from 1868-today The JFM database contains documents from to the JFM Database. Additional information about the JFM database and other historic mathematical collections and digitizations projects are gathered at:

78. Coxeter Summary Biography from an online History of Mathematics, with quotes. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Coxeter.html

Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter Click the picture above to see four larger pictures Donald Coxeter graduated from Cambridge and worked most of his life in Canada. His work was mainly in geometry. In particular he made contributions of major importance in the theory of polytopes, non-euclidean geometry, group theory and combinatorics. He became an honorary member of the EMS in 1959. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (8 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Additional Material in MacTutor Coxeter and Moser: "Generators and Relations" Obituary: The Times Obituary: The Guardian Obituary: The Telegraph ... Article: The Toronto Life Honours awarded to Donald Coxeter (Click below for those honoured in this way) Fellow of the Royal Society Honorary Fellow of the Edinburgh Maths Society CMS Jeffery-Williams Prize LMS Honorary Member ... Royal Society Sylvester Medal winner Other Web sites Canadian scientists AMS (90th birthday tribute) [registration required] Canadian Mathematical Society Mathematical Genealogy Project Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © October 1997 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Coxeter.html

79. History Of Mathematics Resources On The Web - HSU Library General Mathematics British Society for the History of Mathematics (http//www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/bshm/) Its goals are to promote research into the history of mathematics http://library.humboldt.edu/~chadwick/MathHistoryWebResources.html

Skip to content - Quick Links - HSU Library Catalog Interlibrary Loan ONCORES/Reserves Renew a Book Research Guides How Do I Find...? Ask a Librarian Research Roadmap/Classes Home Help Services Library Info ... Mathematics History of Mathematics Resources on the Web Note: Access to resources preceded by is restricted to campus users and authenticated HSU remote users. Table of Contents General Mathematics Biographical Information Computers/Calculators Special Topics ... Databases/Indexes/Abstracts General Mathematics British Society for the History of Mathematics (http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/bshm/) Its goals are to "promote research into the history of mathematics and its use at all levels of mathematics education." Links include Web Resources on the History of Mathematics Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Mathematics (http://www.cshpm.org) Founded in 1974, the society promotes research and teaching in the history and philosophy of mathematics. home page has links to many sites related to the history of mathematics. Famous Problems in the History of Mathematics (http://mathforum.org/isaac/mathhist.html)

80. Gassendi Summary Short biography with bibliography and links, from the MacTutor History of Mathematics. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Gassendi.html

Pierre Gassendi Click the picture above to see six larger pictures Pierre Gassendi was a French astronomer who was the first to observe a transit of Venus. He wrote on astronomy, his own astronomical observations and on falling bodies. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (17 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Honours awarded to Pierre Gassendi (Click below for those honoured in this way) Lunar features Crater Gassendi and Rimae Gassendi Paris street names Rue Gassendi (14th Arrondissement) Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica The Galileo Project Kevin Brown The Catholic Encyclopedia ... Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © December 2008 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Gassendi.html

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