21. Libya (Government) - A Summit Meeting Of North African Heads Of State Concluded Libya (government) Under Qaddafi, libya assumed an active role in the arab world with various schemes for Arab unity http://www.arab.de/arabinfo/libya-government.htm

Home page Arab Info Libya Info Libya History ... Links to Libya Libya - Government A summit meeting of North African Heads of State, held in Morocco in February 1989, concluded a treaty proclaiming the Union du Maghreb arabe , comprising Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia. In 1994 Libya threatened to leave the UMA unless member states ceased to comply with UN sanctions imposed on Libya, and in 1995 it refused to assume the chairmanship of the organization, owing to their continuing compliance. In late 1988 tension between the USA and Libya increased after President Reagan stated that the US Government was considering military action against a factory at Rabta, outside Tripoli, where Libya was alleged by the USA to be preparing to produce chemical weapons. In January 1989 an encounter occurred over the Mediterranean between US and Libyan military aircraft, in which two Libyan fighter aircralt were shot down. Arab diplomats and the more pragmatic associates of Qaddafi had begun to urge a compromise over the Lockerbie issue, fearing that the imposition of further UN sanctions, particularly an embargo on sales of petroleum, would be disastrous for Libya. In late June the GPC announced its decision to allow the two Lockerbie suspects to be tried a broad, provided that the proceedings were "fair and just". It suggested that such a trial might take place under the auspices of either the League of Arab States or the UN.

22. Fulbright | AMIDEAST To learn more about the Fulbright Program, please click on the links below Read more about the flagship international educational exchange program sponsored by the U.S. government http://www.amideast.org/fulbright/

@import "/themes/garland/print.css?p"; My Account Home Site Map Search this site: About AMIDEAST Mission History Board of Directors ... Donate To learn more about the Fulbright Program, please click on the links below: Read more about the flagship international educational exchange program sponsored by the U.S. government: U.S. Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Learn about the Board and how Fulbright policies and procedures are set: J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board Established in 1946, the Fulbright Program is an international exchange program sponsored by the United States Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA). The purpose of the program is to create an educational exchange environment that fosters mutual understanding and bridges cultural gaps. Since the early 1970s, in cooperation with the U.S. State Department, AMIDEAST has administered the Fulbright Foreign Student Program for the Middle East and North Africa. Under the AMIDEAST program, over 1,000 students from Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, the West Bank/Gaza, and Yemen have been placed in graduate programs at universities across the United States. Fulbright Fulbright Home How to Apply Grantee Resources Joint Supervision Grantees ... Contact Us

23. Muammar Al-Gaddafi - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Hyperlinked encyclopedia article about the leader of Libya. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muammar_al-Qaddafi

Muammar al-Gaddafi From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Redirected from Muammar al-Qaddafi Jump to: navigation search Muammar al-Gaddafi Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution Incumbent 1 September 1969 41 years, 74 days President Mohamed Abu Al-Quasim al-Zwai show all Abdul Ati al-Obeidi Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab Mifta al-Usta Umar Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa ... Baghdadi Mahmudi show all Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir ... Abdul Ati al-Obeidi Position established Abdul Ati al-Obeidi Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi Abdessalam Jalloud ... King of Libya Position abolished Prime Minister of Libya Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi Abdessalam Jalloud Chairperson of the African Union ... Bingu wa Mutharika Born 7 June 1942 Sirt Italian Libya Religion Sunni Islam Signature Website Official website Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi Arabic audio help info Mu‘ammar al-Qaḏḏāfī ; also known simply as Colonel Gaddafi ; born 7 June 1942) has been the de facto leader of Libya since a coup in 1969.

24. Libya Government Information Travel Document Systems; Passport and Visa Services. This is the site for the latest Travel Information and the most complete collection of online Visa Applications on the web. http://www.traveldocs.com/ly/govern.htm

Libya Africa GOVERNMENT Libya's political system is in theory based on the political philosophy in Qadhafi's Green Book, which combines socialist and Islamic theories and rejects parliamentary democracy and political parties. In reality, Qadhafi exercises near total control over major government decisions. For the first seven years following the revolution, the Revolutionary Command Council, which included Colonel Qadhafi and 12 fellow army officers, began a complete overhaul of Libya's political system, society and economy. In 1973, Qadhafi announced the start of a "cultural revolution" in schools, businesses, industries, and public institutions to oversee administration of those organizations in the public interest. On March 2, 1977, Qadhafi convened a General People's Congress (GPC) to proclaim the establishment of "people's power," change the country's name to the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, and to vest, theoretically, primary authority in the GPC. The GPC is the legislative forum that interacts with the General People's Committee, whose members are secretaries of Libyan ministries. It serves as the intermediary between the masses and the leadership and is composed of the secretariats of some 600 local "basic popular congresses." The GPC secretariat and the cabinet secretaries are appointed by the GPC secretary general and confirmed by the annual GPC congress. These cabinet secretaries are responsible for the routine operation of their ministries, but Qadhafi exercises real authority directly or through manipulation of the peoples and revolutionary committees.

25. LIBYA: GOVERNMENT CANCELS IMPORT TAXES. | Goliath Business News According to AlKhaleej newspaper (July 10, 2005), Libya declared canceling all import taxes, http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-4453719/LIBYA-GOVERNMENT-CANCELS-IMPORT-

26. ��������� �����, ��������� ����� Speeches and statements in text, audio, video and live stream along with a bulletin board and data bases. Arabic, English, French http://www.algadhafi.org/

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27. Libya Government | GlobalEDGE Libya Government information, with indepth details including top government officials, current political conditions, and foreign relations. View a picture of Libya's flag and http://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/libya/government/

Your location is: > Countries Region: Africa > Libya > Government Key Facts GDP (ppp) per CAPITA $16,208.00 (2008 est.) Inflation Rate 2.00% (2009 est.) Population 6.32 million (2009 est.) Country Risk Ratings C Global Competitiveness Report 3.9 (88 out of 133) (2009 est.) Navigation introduction statistics economy history ... country memo Libya : Government PRINCIPAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS Chief of State: Revolutionary Leader Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-Qadhafi The GPC is the legislative forum that interacts with the General People's Committee, whose members are secretaries of Libyan ministries. It serves as the intermediary between the masses and the leadership and is composed of the secretariats of some 600 local "basic popular congresses." The GPC secretariat and the cabinet secretaries are appointed by the GPC secretary general and confirmed by the annual GPC congress. These cabinet secretaries are responsible for the routine operation of their ministries, but Qadhafi exercises real authority directly or through manipulation of the peoples and revolutionary committees. Qadhafi remained the de facto head of state and secretary general of the GPC until 1980, when he gave up his office. Although he holds no formal office, Qadhafi exercises power with the assistance of a small group of trusted advisers, who include relatives from his home base in the Sirte region, which lies between the traditional commercial and political power centers in Benghazi and Tripoli.

28. LIBYA GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS This series of profiles of foreign nations is part of the Country Studies Program, formerly the Army Area Handbook Program. The profiles offer brief, summarized information on http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_profiles/2004-2005/2-Libya.html

COUNTRY PROFILE: Libya Overview Government This series of profiles of foreign nations is part of the Country Studies Program, formerly the Army Area Handbook Program. The profiles offer brief, summarized information on a country�s historical background, geography, society, economy, transportation and telecommunications, government and politics, and national security. Dervied from The Library of Congress COUNTRY PROFILE: LIBYA GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Overview: Green Book Constitution: Libya has no formal constitution. Branches of Government: Administrative Divisions: According to some sources, Libya is divided into 3 provinces, 10 governorates, and 1,500 administrative communes. Yet other sources describe variations of reorganizations that may or may not have occurred. One source refers to a current primary subdivision of 34 municipalities or governorates ( shabiyat ). According to this same source, Libya reorganized from 13 municipalities into 34 municipalities in 2001. The CIA World Factbook Provincial and Local Government: mahallat ). Each commune has a budget as well as legislative and executive powers. The communes are supervised by revolutionary committees, which are directed by secretaries, whom Qadhafi personally selects.

29. La France En Libye - Ambassade De France à Tripoli Overview of the embassy and information on culture, economy and the French School of Tripoli. http://www.ambafrance-ly.org/

@import url("skelkitposte/css/color_default.css"); @import url("skelkitposte/css/kiteposte.css"); @import url("skelkitposte/css/spip_style.css"); @import url("skelkitposte/css/diapo.css"); La France en Libye Actualités A la Une Actualité en France Actualité diplomatique ... Présentation générale Informations utiles Visas / formalités d’entrée en France Colloque FLE (novembre 2009) Escale de "La Meuse" à Tripoli (octobre 2009) fête de la musique avec le groupe 12Mé et Raph (juin 2010) Inauguration du Centre Médical de Benghazi (septembre 2009) Le Barbier de Séville à Sabratha (ICF, mai 2009) Récital lyrique à Sabratha (mai 2010) Salon Lavex 2009 - Entretien entre les généraux Paloméros et Kadiki Tara Oceans (novembre 2009) Bourses scolaires Le second volet de la campagne boursière 2010-2011 est ouvert. Les formulaires de demandes de bourses scolaires et/ou de prise en charge de la scolarité des lycéens (classes de 2nde, 1ère et Terminale) sont disponibles auprès de la section consulaire de l'Ambassade ou auprès du secrétariat de (...) [lire ...]

30. Libya Ministers, Libya Government System, Libya Government Data Government ministers and world leaders database, brought to you by EconomyWatch.com. http://www.economywatch.com/government/ministers/country/Libya/

31. Embassy Of Belgium Tripoli Contact information for the Embassy of Belgium in Tripoli, and links to various official websites. http://www.diplomatie.be/tripoli/

Slide show Forms Site map Embassy of Belgium in Tripoli Linking you to the heart of Europe Search site Welcome Read ' Belgium Unlimited ' Special edition Number 11 Page: Sunday to Wednesday (8h00 to 15h00) Thursday (8h00 to 13h30) Jasmin Street Hay Andalus Area 2 – Tripoli P.O.B. 91650 Dat El Imad Tripoli Tel : (Embassy) (Commercial Section) Fax : (Embassy) (Com.Section) tripoli@diplobel.fed.be tripoli@fitagency.com (Com. Section)

32. Libya - Government Libya Table of Contents. SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in Libya after Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi and his Free Officers Movement overthrew the http://countrystudies.us/libya/66.htm

Government Libya Table of Contents SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in Libya after Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi and his Free Officers Movement overthrew the Sanusi monarchy on September 1, 1969, and proclaimed the "Green Revolution." Because of the many radical and experimental policies that Qadhafi has tried to implement in Libya, he has been described frequently as a mercurial and quixotic leader. But while Qadhafi's policy making has been unpredictable, it has not been random or capricious. Rather, Qadhafi's political behavior has been dictated by his own elaborate and evolving normative political ideology, which he set forth in his three-volume The Green Book The striking innovation in the Libyan political system since Qadhafi came to power resulted from his desire to replace subnational traditional leaders with administrators with the skills needed to modernize the country. The changes were also ostensibly intended to foster egalitarianism, mass mobilization, revolutionary commitment, public participation, and self-determination among Libyan citizens. From a pragmatic perspective, however, the changes served primarily to undermine the authority of traditional or alternate elite groups that posed a potential challenge to Qadhafi's leadership. It is ironic, then, that the changes intended to enfranchise the citizenry have instead served primarily to bolster Qadhafi's personal power by diminishing governmental checks and balances on his executive power and eliminating all other power bases. In 1987 there was little doubt that Qadhafi remained the country's strongman, the fulcrum of power, and the single most important figure in Libya.

33. Embassy Of The United States Tripoli, Libya - Home United States Liaison Office in Tripoli which will be upgraded to Embassy status, as announced May 15, 2006. http://libya.usembassy.gov/

@import url(/style.css); @import url(/internal.css); @import url(/print.css); Contact Us Embassy of the United States Tripoli, Libya Enter search terms Home About Us About the Embassy Ambassador ... "Study in the USA" Fair Draws Crowds The 2010 "Study in the USA" Education Fair at Al-Fateh University was visited by more than 7,000 Libyan students. U.S. Embassy Reaches Out to Ghadames The U.S. Embassy traveled to the Libyan Saharan oasis city of Ghadames to participate in the annual Ghadames Cultural Festival. Embassy Trains Libyan English Teachers More than 30 Libyan high school teachers, university professors and school inspectors recently completed training in English language teaching skills. Officials condemn burning of Koran President Obama and Secretary Clinton condemned the planned burning of the Holy Koran by a pastor in Florida. Headlines View Feed Dipnote The U.S. department of State Blog Visit America.gov U.S. policy, socity and values Voice of America US Commercial Service Department of Commerce News from the Embassy U.S. Embassy Makes First Cultural Outreach Trip to Ghadames

34. Libya Government - Flags, Maps, Economy, Government, Climate, Natural Resources, Libya Government Flags, Maps, Economy, Government, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System, society http://www.photius.com/countries/libya/government/index.html

Country Ranks INDEX for Libya History ... Feedback Libya - Government Index http://www.photius.com/countries/libya/government/index.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Current Government Profile Historical Analysis INTERNAL POLITICS National Executive and Legislative Evolution The Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) The General People's Congress ... Nuclear Development NOTE: The information regarding Libya on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies and the CIA World Factbook. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Libya Government information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Libya Government should be addressed to the Library of Congress and the CIA. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - http://www.photius.com/countries/libya/government/index.html Revised 10-Nov-04 Photius Coutsoukis

35. Articles About Libya Government - Los Angeles Times Libya Government News. Find breaking news, commentary, and archival information about Libya Government from the Los Angeles Times http://articles.latimes.com/keyword/libya-government

36. ICL - Libya Index ICL provides copies of the Constitutional Proclamation (1969/1992) and Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People (1977) along with background, history and news. http://www.oefre.unibe.ch/law/icl/ly__indx.html

37. Libya - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Libya, officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, also translated as Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya), is a country located in North Africa. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya

Libya From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article is about the country. For other uses, see Libya (disambiguation) "Lehabim" redirects here. For the Biblical figure, see Lehabim (Biblical Figure) Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Al-Jamāhīriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah al-Lībiyyah aš-Šaʿbiyyah al-Ištirākiyyah al-ʿUẓmā (Arabic) Flag Coat of arms Anthem Allahu Akbar God is the Greatest Capital (and largest city) Tripoli 32°52′N ... Demonym Libyan Government Jamahiriya Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution Muammar al-Gaddafi ... Independence Relinquished by Italy From United Kingdom France under United Nations Trusteeship Area Total negligible Population Density 3.6/km GDP PPP Total $96.138 billion Per capita GDP (nominal) Total $76.557 billion Per capita HDI high Currency Dinar LYD Time zone ... Drives on the right Internet TLD .ly Calling code Arabic (de jure), Libyan Arabic (de facto) History of Libya This article is part of a series Ancient Libya (before 642 AD) Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica Ottoman Libya Italian colony Incorporated Italian Libya Allied occupation (1942–1951) Kingdom of Libya Modern Libya (1969–Today) Libya Portal v d e Libya Arabic Lībiyā pronunciation help info Libyan vernacular : Lībya pronunciation help info ; officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arabic Al-Jamāhīriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah al-Lībiyyah aš-Šaʿbiyyah al-Ištirākiyyah al-ʿUẓmā pronunciation help info , also translated as Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya ), is a country located in

38. WorldLII - Categories - Countries - Libya Catalog and search facilities for over 500 databases from 55 countries including case-law, legislation, treaties, law reform reports, law journals, and other materials. http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/2693.html

39. Ministries & Government Organizations In Libya From Libyaonline.com Libyaonline Guide is your essential guide to Libya. Whether you are interested in Libya for business, education or life and culture, Libyaonline can provide all the information you http://www.libyaonline.com/guide/guide.php?userid=49

40. Libya Review of the country s history, politics, leaders and international organizations and treaties. Includes map, constitution, national anthem and pictures of historical flags. http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Libya.htm

Libya to 3 Oct 1911 3 Oct 1911 - 23 Jan 1943 24 Dec 1951 - 7 Nov 1969 7 Nov 1969 - 31 Dec 1971 1 Jan 1972 - 11 Nov 1977 Adopted 11 Nov 1977 (provisional) Map of Libya Hear National Anthem "Allahu Akbar" (God Is Greatest!) Text of National Anthem Adopted 1 Sep 1969 Constitution (11 Dec 1969; temporary) Hear Former Anthem "Libia, Libia, Libia" (Libya, Libya, Libya) (24 Dec 1951 - 1 Sep 1969) Text of Former Anthem (24 Dec 1951 - 1 Sep 1969) Royal Constitution (24 Dec 1951- 21 Sep 1969) Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People (2 Mar 1977) Capital : Tripoli (co-capital: Benghazi 1951-1972) Currency : Libyan Dinar (LYD) National Holiday : 1 Sep (1969) Revolution Day Population note: includes 166,510 non-nationals GDP : $88.8 billion (2008) Exports : $66.1 billion (2008) Imports : $20.6 billion (2008) Ethnic groups : Arab 87.1% (of which Libyan 57.2%, Bedouin 13.8%, Egyptian 7.7%, Sudanese 3.5%, Tunisian 2.9%), Amazigh (Berber) 6.8%, other 6.1% (2000) Total Armed Forces Merchant marine : 17 ships (2008) Religions : Muslim (mostly Sunni) 96.1%, Orthodox 1.9%

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