61. Eliminating Malaria Impossible Without Vaccine - Health - Msnbc.com LONDON — Eliminating malaria, the mosquitoborne scourge that kills more than 860,000 people a year, would be a dream come true for millions — but medical experts say http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39907135/ns/health/

var collarity_appid = 'msnbc';var collarity_kw = '';var collarity_tags = ''; Jump to story headline MSN Hotmail More ... Health on msnbc.com Search ad info Eliminating malaria impossible without vaccine Below: x Jump to discussion comments below discussion x Related story More devices left behind during girls' gynecology surgery related ad info Schalk van Zuydam AP FILE - Two children with malaria rest at the local hospital in the small village of Walikale, Congo, in this Sunday, Sept. 19, 2010 file photo. Eliminating malaria, the mosquito-borne scourge that kills more than 800,000 people a year, would be a dream come true for many, but in a report published in the Lancet Friday Oct. 29, 2010, experts say the dream remains just that: out of reach and completely unrealistic. Though research suggests wiping out the parasitic disease may be feasible in Latin America and Asia, it will be nearly impossible in Africa, where most of the world's estimated 247 million yearly cases occur. (AP Photo/Schalk van Zuydam, file) By MARIA CHENG The Associated Press updated 10/29/2010 7:40:43 AM ET Share Print Font: Eliminating malaria, the mosquito-borne scourge that kills more than 860,000 people a year, would be a dream come true for millions — but medical experts say right now that goal remains completely unrealistic.

62. Parasites & Vectors | Full Text | History Of The Discovery Of The Malaria Parasi Article by Francis E G Cox tracing the story of malaria parasites and their mosquito vectors from the first discovery of the parasites in 1880 to the present time. http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/3/1/5

63. WHO | Malaria malaria. Key facts. malaria is a lifethreatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/index.html

Language options Search All WHO This site only Main navigation Home About WHO Countries Health topics ... Contacts Media centre WHO Programmes and projects Media centre Fact sheets Main content printable version Fact sheet N°94 April 2010 Malaria Key facts Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes. In 2008, malaria caused nearly one million deaths, mostly among African children. Malaria is preventable and curable. Malaria can decrease gross domestic product by as much as 1.3% in countries with high disease rates. Non-immune travelers from malaria-free areas are very vulnerable to the disease when they get infected. In 2008, there were 247 million cases of malaria and nearly one million deaths – mostly among children living in Africa. In Africa a child dies every 45 seconds of Malaria, the disease accounts for 20% of all childhood deaths. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, called "malaria vectors", which bite mainly between dusk and dawn.

64. Who/TDR Malaria Database Resources for scientists doing malaria research. http://www.wehi.edu.au/other_domains/MalDB/who.html

WHO/TDR M ALARIA D ATABASE T R O P I C A L D I S E A S E R E S E A R C H T HIS IS AN INFORMATION RESOURCE for scientists working in malaria research. It contains a wide variety of information ranging from sequences to conference news. The information is freely available to any interested parties. Plasmodium falciparum Genome Annotation Photo Tour Malaria parasites have been with us since the dawn of time. They probably originated in Africa along with mankind. Fossils of mosquitoes up to 30 million years old show that the vector for malaria was present well before Homo sapiens Malaria metabolism data base Maps of the metabolic pathways have been constructed by Hagai Ginsburg of the Hebrew the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The genes involved in the metabolism of Plasmodium falciparum are mapped together with the specific enzymes which are vital to the cellular metabolism. The metabolic maps displayed here show the expressed enzymes in their individual biochemical contexts and also show the cofactors and metabolites participating in the activity of each enzyme. Metabolic information is extracted from the universal metabolic databases and presented in a format suitable to Plasmodium falciparum Nucleotide and protein information G ENE Q ... MalDB page The MalDB malaria genome database, in the format of the ACeDB genome database software package.

65. Malaria - MayoClinic.com malaria — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, causes, treatment, prevention of this infectious disease. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/malaria/DS00475

66. Malaria Hotspots Provides information on malaria and its prevention and general travel health advice. Includes short videos with the experiences of a number of travellers. http://malariahotspots.co.uk

67. UNICEF Ethiopia - Malaria KEY malaria FACTS • Estimated Number people living in malaria areas 50 million • Estimated number malaria cases per year 9 million http://www.unicef.org/ethiopia/malaria.html

Home Overview The children Activities ... Real lives Malaria Introduction - malaria Introduction - malaria Action Action Introduction - malaria KEY MALARIA FACTS • Estimated Number people living in malaria areas: 50 million • Estimated number malaria cases per year: 9 million • Number of extra cases in an epidemic year: 6 million • Number of people dying in a 9-month malaria epidemic (e.g. 2003): 114,000 • Estimated number of lives saved annually if all malaria control interventions fully implemented (Child survival strategy, 2005): 70,400 • Number of ITNs distributed to families in Ethiopia since 2005: 4.5 million • Total number ITNs needed to reach 100% coverage: 20 million • Coartem doses distributed in public health system: 5.6 million • Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits distributed: 2.2 million • Approx funds allocated by UNICEF for malaria nets (US$): $12 million THE ISSUE Malaria is a major public health problem in Ethiopia; it contributes up to 20% of under-five deaths. Tragically, in epidemic years, mortality rates of nearly 100,000 children are not uncommon. In the last major malaria epidemic in 2003, there were up to 16 million cases of malaria - 6 million more than an average year. Out of an estimated 9 million malaria cases annually, only 4-5 million will be treated in a health facility. The remainder will often have no medical support. It is estimated that only 20 per cent of children under five years of age that contract malaria are treated in a facility.

68. Zambezi Expedition - Fighting Malaria On The River Of Life Journey undertaken in 2008 to rally political support for the fight against malaria and demonstrate the need for coordinated cross-border action in Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. http://www.zambezi-expedition.org

home project malaria team ... contact BBC World features the Zambezi Expedition again on Saturday 27nd September at 0910 and 2100 GMT, and on Sunday 28rd September at 1200 GMT photograph by Marcus Bleasdale - VII The Roll Back Malaria Zambezi Expedition boats reaching the Indian Ocean. Mozambique > Pictures of the Day March 30 - May 31, 2008 photographs by Ron Haviv - VII Fighting Malaria on the "River of Life" The Zambezi, lifeline of southern Africa, has been the setting of an unprecedented health project. For more than two months, from March through May 2008, the Roll Back Malaria Zambezi Expedition has travelled almost 3,000 kilometres from the source to the delta to showcase successes and highlight challenges associated with the fight against one of the globe's leading infectious killers. Despite both preventable and curable, between one and three million people die of malaria each year - every 30 seconds a child in Africa. The Zambezi Expedition had set out to rally political support for the fight against malaria and demonstrate the need for coordinated cross-border action. Navigating through Angola, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique, the expedition stopped along the shores of each country to take on board local malaria control staff, document the malaria situation in remote river communities and hand out insecticide treated nets and malaria medicines. Journalists from around the world travelled with the team, being able to document the situation and advocate for more action in the fight against the disease.

69. Malaria malaria is a disease caused by an infection with parasites called Plasmodium. This eMedTV page explains how the disease is usually transmitted through the bite of an infected http://malaria.emedtv.com/malaria/malaria.html

$BTB.trackEvent('www.emedtv.com/infectious_disease/'); eMedTV Sitemap Malaria Sitemap Please sign in to your HealthSavvy account to continue: Lost Password Don't have a HealthSavvy account yet? Click Here to sign up! Home eMedTV Home Malaria Home Health Topics eMedTV Health Topics Malaria Health Topics Symptoms Articles eMedTV Articles Malaria Articles Video eMedTV Video Malaria Medications Advertisement View All Related eMedTV Health Channels Malaria Malaria Causes Malaria Symptoms Malaria Treatment ... Site Map HealthSavvy Sign In Malaria Malaria is a potentially fatal disease caused by an infection with Plasmodium parasites. In most cases, the disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms may include fever, chills, and diarrhea. Malaria is treated with medications; when treatment is started early enough, the disease can be cured. Information on Malaria What Is Malaria? Malaria is a leading cause of death and disease worldwide, especially in developing countries. Each year, an estimated 300 to 500 million cases occur, and more than 1 million people die of the disease annually. Although malaria can be a fatal disease, in many cases, death can be prevented with proper and prompt treatment. Causes of Malaria The cause of malaria is an infection with a parasite.

70. International Health Organization Committed To Malaria Control - Carter Center M Provides information on this disease and the program for its elimination being undertaken. http://www.cartercenter.org/health/malaria_control/index.html

71. Malaria - LoveToKnow 1911 Medical warning! This article is from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Medical science has made many leaps forward since it has been written. http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Malaria

Malaria From LoveToKnow 1911 Medical warning! This article is from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Medical science has made many leaps forward since it has been written. This is not a site for medical advice, when you need information on a medical condition, consult a professional instead. MALARIA, an Italian colloquial word (from mala, bad, and aria air ), introduced into English medical literature by Macculloch (1827) as a substitute for the more restricted terms " marsh miasm" or "paludal poison ." It is generally applied to the definite unhealthy condition of body known by a variety of names, such as ague , intermittent (and remittent) fever , marsh fever, jungle fever, hill fever, "fever of the country" and "fever and ague." A single paroxysm of simple ague may come upon the patient in the midst of good health or it may be preceded by some malaise. The ague-fit begins with chills proceeding as if from the lower part of the back, and gradually extending until the coldness overtakes the whole body. Tremors of the muscles more or less violent accompany the cold sensations, beginning with the muscles of the lower jaw (chattering of the teeth), and extending to the extremities and

72. HPA - Malaria Reference Laboratory (Malaria RL) Guidelines for travellers for protection against malaria. From the UK Health Protection Agency, a non-departmental public body. http://www.hpa.org.uk/webw/HPAweb&Page&HPAwebAutoListName/Page/1200660023262

Skip to main content HPA : Home Accessibility High contrast version ... Site Map Topics A-Z: A B C D ... Topics A-Z Search the site: Search HPA Advanced search Home Topics Services ... Laboratories and Reference Facilities Malaria Reference Laboratory (Malaria RL) Printer friendly page (opens in new window) Anaerobe Reference Laboratory (ARL) Cardiff Brucella Reference Unit (BRU) Liverpool ... Virus Reference Department (VRD) Malaria Reference Laboratory (Malaria RL) HPA Malaria Reference Laboratory London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT Director: Prof Peter Chiodini Image: Plasmodium falciparum in a thin blood film The Malaria Reference Laboratory provides an integrated service for public health in relation to malaria. It combines reference and diagnostic parasitology of malaria with surveillance of all imported malaria reported in the United Kingdom (UK), analysing the results and using these, together with wide consultation to develop national policy on prevention of imported malaria, which it then disseminates widely. The advisory activities interpret policy for particular individual needs, especially through the health service. Policy is moved into implementation by the laboratory staff writing for various medical, pharmaceutical and lay audiences, briefing the media, contributing to continuing medical education for doctors and practice nurses, and responding to telephone queries from them and from the public. These laboratory functions are supported in the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) by a programme of basic research in the UK and of applied research and development in endemic countries and on a smaller scale in the UK, and they are linked to an advisory service on international malaria control.

73. Antimalarial Drug - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Antimalarial drugs are designed to prevent or cure malaria. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimalarial_drug

Antimalarial drug From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search A thin-film Giemsa stained micrograph of ring-forms, and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum. (CDC) Antimalarial drugs are designed to prevent or cure malaria Contents Uses of antimalarial drugs Quinine and related agents Chloroquine Amodiaquine ... edit Uses of antimalarial drugs Treatment of malaria in individuals with suspected or confirmed infection Prevention of infection in individuals visiting a malaria-endemic region who have no immunity (prophylaxis) Main article Malaria prophylaxis Routine Intermittent treatment of certain groups in endemic regions Main article Intermittent preventive therapy Some antimalarial agents, particularly chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine , are also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus associated arthritis. Some agents are used for more than one application. It is therefore more practical to group antimalarials by chemical structure since this is associated with important properties of each drug, such as mechanism of action. Prompt parasitological confirmation by microscopy or alternatively by RDTs is recommended in all patients suspected of malaria before treatment is started.

74. Impact Malaria - Paludisme, Malaria, Information For Healthcare Professionals - An information database specially dedicated to healthcare professionals and the general public. Find scientific news and events, information about the fight against this disorder, and training tools for healthcare professionals. http://en.impact-malaria.com/iml/cx/en/

Quick navigation menu : Go to content Go to the main sections menu Go to the search engine Go to the languages menu ... Go to the shortcuts list Languages menu : English Français Help menu : Contact Sitemap Help This site is exclusively dedicated to healthcare professionals practicing in malarial endemic areas Main sections menu : Home Who are we? News General information ... Scientific Platform Search You are here : Home Welcome to the impact-malaria.com website Welcome to the impact-malaria.com website For several decades, sanofi-aventis has operated in Africa and in malaria endemic countries through its subsidiaries and production units. Our portfolio includes several antimalarial drugs, ranging from quinine to the fixed-dose combination of artesunate and amodiaquine launched in 2007. Impact Malaria Experts editorial April 1st, 2008 Pr Masserigne Soumaré , Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Fann National University Hospital (Senegal) gives his views on “Malaria in Elderly Subjects” Find all the editorials written by experts on malaria: Experts editorial Content : News ArteSunate AmodiaQuine Winthrop® / Coarsucam® (ASAQ Winthrop®), a WHO-prequalified ACT now has a 36-month shelf life

75. Malaria Overview | Doctors Without Borders What is malaria? Plasmodium falciparum, one of the most common of the four malaria parasites (the others are plasmodium vivax, ovale and malariae) and the most deadly, spreads http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/issue.cfm?id=2395

76. TropIKA: Malaria Information on this vector-borne disease, review articles, news items, editorial opinions, research articles and reports. http://www.tropika.net/svc/home/malaria

@import url(/styles/t.css); TropIKA.net Tropical Diseases Research to Foster Diseases African Trypanosomiasis Buruli Ulcer Chagas Disease ... Lymphatic Filariasis Malaria Onchocerciasis Schistosomiasis Soil transmitted helminthiases Trachoma ... Health Research Systems Analysis (HRSA) Toolkit Communities of practice Disease Reference Groups Thematic Reference Groups TropIKA.net Partnerships Home Malaria Malaria Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. It causes disease in approximately 400 million people every year and kills between one and three million people every year, mostly young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria is commonly-associated with poverty, but is also a cause of poverty and a major hindrance to economic development. Review Articles News Editorial Opinions Research Articles ... Reports Review Articles 2 Jun 2010 Do the poor benefit from infectious disease programmes? When interventions are planned, insufficient thought is given as to whether the poorest and most vulnerable members of society will benefit, according to the findings of a new review of the evidence. The reviewers call for more research to assess which infectious disease programmes benefit the poor and to identify the mechanisms that determine “pro-poor effectiveness”. Source: TropIKA.net Journal

77. UNICEF - Health - Malaria malaria “Reversing the spread of malaria is crucial for the survival, health and development of children, especially in Africa. Reducing the incidence of malaria will help http://www.unicef.org/health/index_malaria.html

English Arabic Chinese Health Introduction The big picture UNICEF in action How we work in health ... What we do Malaria �Reversing the spread of malaria is crucial for the survival, health and development of children, especially in Africa. Reducing the incidence of malaria will help achieve the Millennium Development Goals.� Ann Veneman at White House Summit on Malaria, December 2006 A woman nurse demonstrates how to impregnate a mosquito net with insecticide for malaria prevention, Rwanda. Malaria kills a child somewhere in the world every 30 seconds. It infects 350-500 million people each year, killing 1 million, mostly children in Africa. Ninety per cent of malaria deaths occur in Africa, where malaria accounts for about one in five of all childhood deaths. The disease also contributes greatly to anaemia among children � a major cause of poor growth and development. Malaria infection during pregnancy is associated with severe anaemia and other illness in the mother and contributes to low birth weight among newborn infants � one of the leading risk factors for infant mortality and sub-optimal growth and development. Malaria has serious economic impacts in Africa, slowing economic growth and development and perpetuating the vicious cycle of poverty. Malaria is truly a disease of poverty � afflicting primarily the poor who tend to live in malaria-prone rural areas in poorly-constructed dwellings that offer few, if any, barriers against mosquitoes.

78. Homepage • Malaria Nexus • Elsevier's Global Malaria Resource Elsevier s global malaria resource with the latest articles published in parasitology, entomology and tropical medicine journals and interviews with researchers. http://www.malarianexus.com

Email Alerts RSS Alerts News Feature Articles ... Contact News Publisher's Update In this weeks update to Malaria Nexus, we include our latest downloadable podcast interview, this time with Prof. Michael Riehle from the Department of Entomology, University of Arizona. read more Interview with professor Michael Riehle Our latest downloadable podcast interview features Professor Michael Riehle from the Department of Entomology, University of Arizona. read more Interview with Abdoulaye Djimd© read more Interview with Philippe Guerin, Executive Director of WWARN For the next interview in our series of talks with key opinion leaders working with Malaria, Andrew Richford talks with Philippe Guerin, the Executive Director of WWARN, the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network. read more MEEGID Announces 2010 Conference Programme In November 2010 Elsevier will be hosting the 10th International Conference on Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases (MEEGID). read more Top Downloaded Evolutionary forces on Anopheles: what makes a malaria vector? • Review article Erythrocyte binding ligands in malaria parasites: Intracellular trafficking and parasite virulence • Review article Targeting the hypnozoite reservoir of Plasmodium vivax: the hidden obstacle to malaria elimination • Review article Erythrocyte invasion and functionally inhibitory antibodies in Plasmodium falciparum malaria • Review article ... Effect of artemisinin on oocyst wall formation and sporulation during Eimeria tenella infection Meet the

79. Fighting Disease: Disease List--MALARIA malaria AGENT The causative agents in humans are four species of Plasmodium protozoa P.falciparum, P.vivax, P.ovale and P.malariae. Of these, P.falciparum accounts for the http://www.un.org/Pubs/CyberSchoolBus/special/health/disease/malaria.htm

MALARIA AGENT The causative agents in humans are four species of Plasmodium protozoa P.falciparum, P.vivax, P.ovale and P.malariae. Of these, P.falciparum accounts for the majority of infections and is the most lethal. VECTOR Anopheline mosquito DESCRIPTION Malaria is by far the world's most important tropical parasitic disease, and kills more people than any other communicable disease except tuberculosis. In many developing countries, and in Africa especially, malaria exacts an enormous toll in lives, in medical costs, and in days of labour lost. TRANSMISSION Parasites are transmitted from one person to another by the female anopheline mosquito. The males do not transmit the disease as they feed only on plant juices. The parasites develop in the gut of the mosquito and are passed on in the saliva of an infective mosquito each time it takes a new blood meal. The parasites are then carried by the blood in the victim's liver where they invade the cells and multiply. The spread of the disease is linked with activities like road building, mining, logging and new agricultural and irrigation projects, particularly in "frontier" areas like the Amazon. Elsewhere, disintegration of health services, armed conflicts and mass movements of refugees worsen the malaria situation. SYMPTOMS It induces bouts of fever and anaemia in the infected individual along with shivering, pain in the joints and headache. In cerebral malaria, the infected red cells obstruct the blood vessels in the brain. Other vital organs can also be damaged often leading to the death of the patient.

80. WHO Global Malaria Programme Responsible for policy and strategy formulation, operations support and capacity development, and coordination of WHO s global efforts against the disease http://www.who.int/malaria

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