21. Chief Joseph Mary Lou McCloskey's Resource Pages. Background on Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce. Photos of Chief Joseph and his reservation home. The Nez Perce today http://www.gsu.edu/~eslmlm/chiefjoseph.html

Useful Resources Mary Lou McCloskey's Resource Pages Background on Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce Photos of Chief Joseph and his reservation home The Nez Perce today ... Memories of Chief Joseph by a descendant. Looking Glass . Famous Nez Perce warrior. More - Picture Photos. Toolhulsote A wise old man of the Nez Perce. He who led the young men Chief Joseph's younger brother, Olikut, was the leader of the warriors. Surrender Speech of Chief Joseph WebText by Mary Lou McCloskey, Ph.D. Chief Joseph's Land , by David Manuel I Will Fight No More Forever Surrender Speech by Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce I am tired of fighting. Our chiefs are killed. Looking Glass is dead. Toohulhulsote is dead. The old men are all dead. It is the young men who say yes or no. He who led the young men is dead. It is cold and we have no blankets. The little children are freezing to death. My people, some of them, have run away to the hills and have no blankets, no food. No one knows where they areperhaps freezing to death. I want to have time to look for my children and see how many I can find. Maybe I shall find them among the dead. Hear me, my chiefs. I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.

22. What Does 'Nez Perce' Mean? Chief joseph nez perce Nez perce tribe Nez perce county The nez perce Nez perce clothing Nez perce native americans Nez perce pictures Nez perce food Nez perce customs Nez perce history Nez http://www.blurtit.com/q770200.html

23. Marilee's Native Americans Resource - Individual Tribes The Nez Perce (Native Americans) by Richard M. Gaines, 2001 The Nez Perce (Native Americans) by Richard M. Gaines, 2001 The Nez Perce (True Books) by Stafanie Takacs, 2004 http://marilee.us/nativeamericans2.html

Home Native Americans I Marilee's Native Americans Resource II Individual Tribes Cherokee Comanche Cree Haida Hopi Inuit Iroquois Navajo Nez Perce Pomo Sioux Tlingit Ute Wampanoag Cherokee (Southeast) Minnesota State University EMuseum's Cherokee ThinkQuest Danny Farrow's The Cherokee Trail of Tears - 1838-1839 Lee Sultzman's Cherokee History: location, population, names, language, culture, history. Extensive, informative site intended for adult reading level Cherokees of California : greeting, recipes, history, animal dictionary language lessons , stories, more Kathleen Burnett's The Cherokee Nation: photos, links Encarta.msn.com's Cherokee Native-languages.org's Cherokee Indian Fact Sheet Don Healy's The Flag of the Cherokee of Oklahoma Matt's 4th grade report on The Cherokee Indians Suggested Children's Books The Cherokee(First Reports-Native Americans) by Petra Press, 2001 The Cherokee(True Book) by Andrew Santella, 2001 by Daniel Pennington, transl by Robert Bushyhead, 1999 The Cherokee Indians (Native Peoples) by Bill Lund, 1997 The Cherokees (A First American Book) by Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve, illus by Ronald Himler, 1996

24. Royalty-Free Stock Photography & Photos Of Nez Perce Native Americans | Page 1 Image gallery featuring royaltyfree photos of Nez Perce Native Americans. Page 1 of our royalty-free stock photography of Nez Perce Native Americans. http://www.imageenvision.com/photos/nez-perce-native-americans

25. Canoes, Salmon Fishing, And The Nez Perce Native American Indians Article discussing canoes, salmon, and salmon fishing among the Nez Perce Native American Indians of the Plateau area http://indigenouspeoplesissues.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article

26. WallaWalla, Cloutier/Cloutrie (Nez Perce) - Native Americans - Family History & WallaWalla, Cloutier/Cloutrie (Nez Perce)/Native Americans family history genealogy message board. Hosted by Ancestry.com. Forum of community contributed messages helping http://boards.ancestry.com/topics.ethnic.natam.intertribal.nat-am/624/mb.ashx

27. PBS - THE WEST - Chief Joseph Biography of the Nez Perce chief also known as Hinmah-too-yah-lat-kekt. http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/chiefjoseph.htm

document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js' %3E%3C/script%3E")); PEOPLE A-C Austin, Stephen F. Bent, William ... S-Z "Chief Joseph" Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt The man who became a national celebrity with the name "Chief Joseph" was born in the Wallowa Valley in what is now northeastern Oregon in 1840. He was given the name Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt, or Thunder Rolling Down the Mountain, but was widely known as Joseph, or Joseph the Younger, because his father had taken the Christian name Joseph when he was baptized at the Lapwai mission by Henry Spalding in 1838. Joseph the Elder was one of the first Nez Percé converts to Christianity and an active supporter of the tribe's longstanding peace with whites. In 1855 he even helped Washington's territorial governor set up a Nez Percé reservation that stretched from Oregon into Idaho. But in 1863, following a gold rush into Nez Percé territory, the federal government took back almost six million acres of this land, restricting the Nez Percé to a reservation in Idaho that was only one tenth its prior size. Feeling himself betrayed, Joseph the Elder denounced the United States, destroyed his American flag and his Bible, and refused to move his band from the Wallowa Valley or sign the treaty that would make the new reservation boundaries official. When his father died in 1871, Joseph was elected to succeed him. He inherited not only a name but a situation made increasingly volatile as white settlers continued to arrive in the Wallowa Valley. Joseph staunchly resisted all efforts to force his band onto the small Idaho reservation, and in 1873 a federal order to remove white settlers and let his people remain in the Wallowa Valley made it appear that he might be successful. But the federal government soon reversed itself, and in

28. Native American Culture, Nez Perce The Nez Perce War of 1877 Treaties came first, the war, with only a part of the Nez Perce Tribe, came much later. It was the U.S. who wanted the treaties, because they wanted the land http://www.fs.fed.us/npnht/kids/NIMIIPU3.pdf

29. Nez Perce Indian War By the Nez Perc Treaty of June 11, 1855, that tribe of Indians relinquished to the United States their title in and to the area of http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/nezperce/nezpercewar.htm

30. Cradle Board."Wild Horse".Native American Art & History. History of Native people of America American Indians, their culture and art. Many Navajos still use a traditional cradle board to keep their babies safe and protected. http://www.american-native-art.com/publication/cradle_board.shtml

HISTORY and LEGENDS Searching on the site: Native people tribe Kachinas Dreamcatcher Peace Pipe ... Our banners Cradle Board Many Navajos still use a traditional cradle board to keep their babies safe and protected. Made with cottonwood, pine or cedar laced together with thin strips of leather, the Cradle Board feature a wide, wooden hoop over the baby's head that protects the child. Navajos believe the flat boards will give the baby a strong, straight back, and that a soft supporting pad will help the infant form a nice rounded head. The Cradle Board is blessed with corn pollen, prayers, songs and good thoughts for the baby. White Earth Ojibwe infant in a cradle board [Densmore 1979] Home Contact Us About Us Design by Alexander Lubochkov Welcome to our site!!!

31. Nez Perce (people) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia Nez Perce (people), Sahaptinspeaking North American Indian people centring on the lower Snake River and such tributaries as the Salmon and Clearwater rivers in what is now http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/413364/Nez-Perce

document.write(''); Search Site: Advanced Search With all of these words With the exact phrase With any of these words Without these words Home SHOP BROWSE BLOG ... HELP Username: Password: Remember me Forgot your password? Help Email " is the e-mail address you used when you registered. Password " is case sensitive. If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you. Nez-Perce My Britannica CREATE MY Nez Perce NEW ARTICLE ... SAVE Table of Contents: Article Article Related Articles Related Articles External Web sites External Web sites Citations Article Related Articles External Web sites Citations ARTICLE from the Sahaptin-speaking North American Indian people centring on the lower Snake River and such tributaries as the Salmon and Clearwater rivers in what is now northeastern Oregon, southeastern Washington, and central Idaho, U.S. They were the largest, most powerful, and best-known of the Sahaptin Plateau Indians Plains Indians After they acquired horses material culture selective breeding program, and they were instrumental in creating the

32. Nez Percé Native Americans - The USGenWeb Census Project The USGenWeb Census Project Nez Perc Native Americans, Native American Coordinator. NATIVE AMERICAN INDEX TRIBAL ENUMERATIONS NEZ PERC http://www.us-census.org/native/other_tribal/nez_perce.html

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33. Nez Perce Indian Tribe History Nez Perc ('pierced noses') A term applied by the French to a number of tribes which practiced or were supposed to practice the http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/nezperce/nezpercehist.htm

34. Information, History & Equine Data For The Black Leopard Appaloosa | EHow.com The spotted Black Leopard Appaloosa has a long and storied history in the American frontier.The Nez Perce Native Americans first discovered and bred the horsesblack spotted ones http://www.ehow.com/about_6605737_information_-data-black-leopard-appaloosa.html

Family Food Health Home Money Style More Home Appaloosa Horses Top 5 To Try How to Choose an Appaloosa Information on the Kladruber Horse How to Identify an Appaloosa Horse Appaloosa Horse Gifts ... Equine Eye Disease By Mollye Miller eHow Contributor updated: June 8, 2010 I want to do this! What's This? This Black Leopard breed stands apart with mottled black spots and fleshy pink nose. Fotolia.com The spotted Black Leopard Appaloosa has a long and storied history in the American frontier.The Nez Perce Native Americans first discovered and bred the horsesblack spotted ones and other colors. Historians believe the name Appaloosa could derive from the Palouse River, a tributary of the Snake River through modern Washington and Idaho. American settlers referred to the horses abundant near the river as "A Palouse Horse," which turned into "Appalousey." Origin Fotolia.com Appaloosas made hunting easier for the Nez Perce tribe. The Appaloosa breed was originally bred in the Inland northwest of America by the Nez Perce Native Americans, says Ultimate Horse Site's feature on this breed. Before the horse moved into their lives, the Nez Perce Indians were fisherman and did ride horseback. These horses enabled the Nez Perce to hunt buffalo with more ease and skill and allowed them to trade their kills for goods and services.The Native American bred the horses well, creating strong, fast, well-nourished and intelligent horses. Researchers with the Appaloosa Project, a genome-study for "leopard-complex" Appaloosas, as of 2010 is still seeking answer to find out the true origin of the spots.

35. American Indian Bows Were Essential To Native American Hunting One of the most common weapons among the Native American hunters and warriors were handmade American Indian bows. http://www.native-net.org/indians/american-indian-bows.html

American Indian Bows The Native American Indians did not have Native American bow and arrows until sometime around the year 500 A.D. The American Indian bows are thought to have been used by the Native American people in the area of the country that is now Iowa. Some of the main benefits of the American Indian bows instead of spears is that they offered much more mobility, while maintaining fast speeds and being extremely accurate when used by a skilled American Indian hunter. Another advantage of the American Indian bows is that the arrowheads needed for the arrows were much smaller sized than that of a spearhead, so they could make a few arrows with the same amount of raw materials that were needed for a spear arrowhead. The Native American men were extremely good hunters and they became master marksman with their deadly bow and arrows, and they were excellent in the skills of tracking since they observed and understood the wildlife, this was due to their closeness to the Earth and nature, and living around this environment their whole lives they became better and better at this. Other Resources: American Indian Archery Indian Bow Making Looking for something different? Search our site.

36. Mead School District: 3rd - Dig Deep (Nat.American) A detailed, photoillustrated overview of the Nez Perce Native Americans' history and culture, focusing on what life was like for children and young adults. http://www.mead354.org/page.cfm?p=5451

37. Bannack, Montana--Impact On Native American Life & Nez Perce Connection provides information for students, teachers, and public on Nez Perce history, Nez Perce Scholarship programs, Nez Perce Tribe, Nez Perce National Historic Park, Nez Perce http://www.nezperce.com/npedu7.html

"Bannack, MontanaImpact on Native American Life The Nez Perce Connection" By Stan Hoggatt B annack, Montana's colorful and rich past provides us with a sense of pride as we consider the growth of our nation and our Western heritage. Still, there is another aspect to Western settlement and developmentthe violent settlement of the West and the permanent displacement of Native American life and culture. The story of Bannack, perhaps like few other places, personifies the clash of cultures in America's settlement of the West. O ur story begins in the early 1800s when President Jefferson succesfully negotiated for the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France with the conclusion of a treaty signed April 30, 1803. Earlier President Jefferson in a "secret" session of Congress asked for funds to explore this vast territory. Funding was provided and the Discovery Corps lead by Captain Meriwether Lewis, who was joined by his friend and fellow officer William Clark, began one of the most incredible explorations in the history of our nation. Their exploration of the Pacific Northwest eventually paved the way for others who would follow. T need not be surveyed , settle on it by building a house and cultivating part of it, and, in six months time he could buy this claim by paying $ 1.25 an acre for it. No title could be obtained until the land had been surveyed. This act was not only the basis for property disputes and conflicts among neighbors, it sactioned the perceived right of immigrants to take from the Indians whatever land they could. They were turbulent violent times fueled by greed, hope, and aspirations for a better tomorrow.

38. Pataha, Washington - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia This was the path used by the original Nez Perce Native Americans for crossing the Rocky Mountains. The name Pataha is from the Nez Perce word for 'brush', as there was dense brush http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pataha,_Washington

Pataha, Washington From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Pataha is a small, unincorporated town in Garfield County Washington United States . It located about 4 miles east of Pomeroy , the Garfield County seat. Pomeroy is home to the historic Hauswer Mill, a working water-powered flour mill originally built in 1879. edit History The town is located on the Pataha Creek along the Nez Perce trail. This was the path used by the original Nez Perce Native Americans for crossing the Rocky Mountains. The name Pataha is from the Nez Perce word for 'brush', as there was dense brush along both sides of the creek. In May 1806, Lewis and Clark passed through and spent the night here on their return journey from the Pacific coast. In 1834, Captain B. L. E. Bonneville passed through the area doing survey work for the US Government. In 1861, James Bowers settled on the site of Pataha. The next year a stagecoach line was established between Walla Walla and Lewiston which passed through the area, bringing many more settlers. These first settlers were mainly engaged in farming vegetables and cattle ranching , but this would give way to wheat farming in the 1870s. The area began to grow as a town in 1878, and was officially platted in 1882 by Angevine Titus and Company Favor. The town was briefly known as both 'Favorsburg' and 'Watertown', but the original native placename Pataha would prevail.

39. The Nez Perce Provides an introduction to the history, culture, customs, and life today for the Nez Perce Native Americans. http://www.docstoc.com/docs/34850633/The-Nez-Perce

40. Makah History | Homeschool Curriculum Teacher Last lesson we learned about the Nez Perce Native Americans and we are almost done now learning about the Native Americans. Today, we are going to learn about the http://www.prontolessons.com/makah_native_americans.html

Home New! Lessons Articles ... Contact Ground Rules: Please Read! Homeschool Curriculum: People of America Native Americans European Americans African Americans ... Anatomy New to homeschooling? Click here for details Makah History By Sun Kyu Bae Lessons printer friendly version The Makah lived in the Northwest Coast. They were ocean hunters! This lesson falls under our homeschool curriculum on Native American History . We recommend that this lesson be taught after the lesson on Nez Perce Native Americans Summary Description This is the eighth in a series of nine lessons that introduces the student to Native American history. Learning Objectives To have the student learn a few key facts about Makah history and culture. Approximate Time for Lesson 30 minutes Suggested Maturity Level for Instruction Kids ages 6-8 Student should be able to read simple words and perform simple addition and subtraction. Also, student should be able to sit still and engage in one-on-one conversation. References Native Languages of the Americans , Laura Redish and Orrin Lewis Materials Needed Internet Access – Pull up the following: United States Map of Native American Populations by Geographic Region Picture of cedar plank house Picture of basket hat Preparation Make sure you have materials open, printed and/or available prior to beginning the lesson.

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