1. Sickle Cell Anemia Tells what the condition is, how it affects people, how it may be treated, and what young people can do to stay well. http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_anemia.html

2. Sickle Cell Anemia More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia, which occurs when someone inherits two abnormal genes that cause red blood cells to change shape. Find out more. http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_anemia.html

3. Sickle Cell Disease Handfoot syndrome (also called dactylitis) This painful swelling of the hands and feet may be the first sign of sickle cell anemia in some infants. http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/heart/sickle_cell_anemia.html

4. Sickle Cell Anemia Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments And Causes - WrongDiagnosis.c Sickle Cell Anemia information including symptoms, diagnosis, misdiagnosis, treatment, causes, patient stories, videos, forums, prevention, and prognosis. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/sickle_cell_anemia/intro.htm

5. Sickle Cell Anemia For Patients. Securely connects you to portions of your medical record My Chart; Online second opinions from top specialists My Consult; Schedule and pay your medical bills http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/Sickle_Cell_Anemia/hic_Sickle_Cell_Anemi

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6. Sickle-Cell Anemia--Knowledge Is The Best Defense - Jehovah's Witnesses Official About one million Nigerians have sicklecell anemia, and 60,000 die of it each year. How can the symptoms be treated? http://www.watchtower.org/e/19961008/article_01.htm

Jehovah's Witnesses Official Web Site Beliefs Future Medical ... Search Related topics: The Mystery of Ill Health Pestilence Will It Ever End? Knowledge Is the Best Defense BY AWAKE! CORRESPONDENT IN NIGERIA THERE were 32 people in the conference room, mostly women and children. Six-year-old Tope, frail, dressed in pink, sat quietly beside her mother, on a wooden chair. She listened as the nurse spoke to them about what to do when the pain comes. "She is my firstborn," said her mother. "From the beginning she was always sick. I went to many churches, and they prayed over her. But she still got sick. Finally, I took her to the hospital. They tested her blood and found she was a 'sickler.'" What Is It? At the Center for Sickle-Cell Anemia in Benin City, Nigeria, Tope's mother learned that sickle-cell anemia is a disorder of the blood. Contrary to superstitious beliefs, it has nothing to do with witchcraft or spirits of the dead. Children inherit sickle-cell anemia from both parents. It is not contagious. There is no way you can catch the disorder from another person. Either you are born with it or you are not. Tope's mother also learned that while there is no cure, the symptoms can be treated. Sickle-cell anemia occurs mostly in those of African descent. Dr. I. U. Omoike, director of the Center for Sickle-Cell Anemia, told

7. Sickle Cell Anemia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Illustrated article gives definition, causes, treatment, and risk factors. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000527.htm

Skip navigation A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Home About MedlinePlus ... Contact Us Search MedlinePlus Health Topics ESPAÑOL Sickle cell anemia Sickle cell anemia is a disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal crescent shape. (Red blood cells are normally shaped like a disc.) Causes Hemoglobin is a protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen. Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S. Hemoglobin S distorts the shape of red blood cells, especially when exposed to low oxygen levels. The distorted red blood cells are shaped like crescents or sickles. These fragile, sickle-shaped cells deliver less oxygen to the body's tissues. They can also clog more easily in small blood vessels, and break into pieces that disrupt healthy blood flow. Sickle cell anemia is inherited from both parents. Sickle cell disease is much more common in people of African and Mediterranean descent. It is also seen in people from South and Central America, the Caribbean, and the Middle East. Someone who inherits the hemoglobin S gene from one parent and normal hemoglobin (A) from the other parent will have sickle cell trait . People with sickle cell trait do not have the symptoms of true sickle cell anemia. Symptoms Symptoms usually don't occur until after age 4 months.

8. ASCAA, American Sickle Cell Anemia Association, ASCAA, Sickle Cell, Sickle, Cell A non-profit organisation based in Cleveland Ohio whose objectives are to raise awareness of the condition. Features educational material, FAQs, support groups and a message board. http://www.ascaa.org/

9. Sickle Cell Anemia, What Is Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disease. What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Sickle cell anemia (uhNEE-me-uh) is the most common form of sickle cell disease (SCD). http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Sca/SCA_WhatIs.html

DCI Home Blood Diseases Sickle Cell Anemia : What Is ... What Is ... Other Names Causes Who Is At Risk ... Links What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Normal red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the center. They move easily through your blood vessels. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin (HEE-muh-glow-bin), an iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color. Hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Sickle cells contain abnormal hemoglobin that causes the cells to have a sickle, or crescent, shape. These cells don't move easily through your blood vessels. They're stiff and sticky and tend to form clumps and get stuck in the blood vessels. (Other cells also may play a role in this clumping process.) The clumps of sickle cells block blood flow in the blood vessels in the limbs and organs. Blocked blood vessels can cause pain, serious infections, and organ damage. Normal Red Blood Cells and Sickle Cells Figure A shows normal red blood cells flowing freely in a blood vessel. The inset image shows a cross-section of a normal red blood cell with normal hemoglobin. Figure B shows abnormal, sickled red blood cells clumping and blocking blood flow in a blood vessel. (Other cells also may play a role in this clumping process.) The inset image shows a cross-section of a sickle cell with abnormal hemoglobin forming abnormal strands.

10. Sickle-Cell Anemia Vitamins Can Help People with SickleCell Anemia Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder, but recent studies have found that vitamins and other supplements can reduce its painful http://www.thenutritionreporter.com/Sickle-Cell_Anemia.html

Vitamins Can Help People with Sickle-Cell Anemia Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder, but recent studies have found that vitamins and other supplements can reduce its painful symptoms. By Jack Challem If you are African-American, there is a chance that you or your children could have sickle-cell anemia. The condition affects more than 60,000 Americans of African descent, as well as a small number of people of Mediterranean or Middle-Eastern heritage. Two million other Americans have what physicians call the "sickle-cell trait," and may be at occasional risk for developing some sickle-cell anemia symptoms. Sickle-cell anemia is an inherited disease that affects hemoglobin, the oxygen- and nutrient carrying molecule in red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are disk shaped and soft, bending to squeeze through the body's tiniest blood vessels. They also remain viable for about four months. In contrast, sickle cells - so named because of their sickle or crescent shape - break down after only 10 to 20 days, causing chronic anemia. They also tend to lodge in blood vessels, forming clots that reduce the oxygen supply, cause pain, and damage the spleen, kidneys, and other organs. Still other symptoms include shortness of breath and susceptibility to infection. Thousands of years ago, people with sickle-cell trait had a survival advantage. Sickle-shaped red blood cells are resistant to the infectious parasite that causes malaria, and people with this trait were more likely to survive malaria epidemics. Today, with malaria eradicated in most parts of the world, the gene responsible for sickle-cell anemia poses a health hazard.

11. Sickle-cell Disease - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia time a genetic disease was linked to a mutation of a specific protein, a milestone in the history of molecular biology, and it was published in their paper Sickle Cell Anemia, a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle-cell_disease

Sickle-cell disease From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article is about the disease itself. For the genetic transmission of sickle-cell disease and its carrier state, see sickle cell trait Sickle-cell anaemia Classification and external resources Normal and sickle-shaped red blood cells ICD D ICD OMIM ... Sickle-cell disease Sickle-cell disease SCD ), or sickle-cell anaemia (or anemia SCA ) or drepanocytosis , is an autosomal recessive genetic blood disorder characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. Sickling decreases the cells' flexibility and results in a risk of various complications. The sickling occurs because of a mutation in the haemoglobin gene . Life expectancy is shortened, with studies reporting an average life expectancy of 42 in males and 48 in females. Sickle-cell disease, usually presenting in childhood, occurs more commonly in people (or their descendants) from parts of tropical and sub-tropical regions where malaria is or was common. One-third of all indigenous inhabitants of Sub-Saharan Africa carry the gene

12. Sickle Cell Anemia The Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda, Maryland Sickle Cell Anemia http://rad.usuhs.mil/rad/home/cases/sickle.html

The Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda, Maryland Sickle Cell Anemia MS-1 ANATOMY MS-2 RADIOLOGY MS-4 ELECTIVE TROPICAL MEDICINE ... Visit The Main Radiology Website! Over 50,000 Peer-reivewed, captioned, and proven Imaged Sickle Cell Anemia Introduction Ironically, the sickle cell trait (the heterozygous HgbSA - not the homozygous HgbSS) seems to have a protective effect against the malaria parasite. By the time many patients reach adulthood, there is often objective evidence of anatomic and/or functional damage to various tissues due to the cumulative effects of recurrent vasoocclusive (clotting) episodes. However, the course of the disease is variable from patient to patient. Learn More About Sickle Cell Anemia - 1 Learn More About Sickle Cell Anemia - 2 Learn More About Sickle Cell Anemia - 3 You may also want to visit the Sickle Cell Anemia Slide Show. Bone Changes Sickle Cell Anemia and its variants produce roentgenographically similar bone changes. These have been divided conveniently into four groups; Deossification due to marrow hyperplasia Thrombosis and infarction Secondary osteomyelitis Growth defects The first is most commonly seen only in sickle cell anemia. Marrow hyperplasia crowds and thins the bone trabeculae which results in bone weakness and osteoporosis. Bone softening at the centra of the vertebral bodies of the spine occurs in 70% of patients; a biconcave shape results as the intervertebral disks push into the softened bone. Infarction on the vertebral bodies may also result in partial or complete collapse of the central portion as well. The biconcave, or "fish mouth" vertebrae (due to compression of the vertebral endplates above and below the disk space) are virtually pathognomonic of sickle cell disease. Such changes are evident on the enclosed chest X-rays.

13. Do You Know About Sickle Cell Anemia? Article tells how sickle cell gets its name, causes, symptoms, tests, and treatment. http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/blood/sickle_cell.html

14. Sickle Cell Anemia: MedlinePlus Sickle cell anemia is a disease in which your body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells. The cells are shaped like a crescent or sickle. They don't last as long as http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sicklecellanemia.html

pttitle = ""; Skip navigation A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Home About MedlinePlus ... Contact Us Search MedlinePlus Health Topics ESPAÑOL Other Topics: A B C D ... All Topics Sickle Cell Anemia URL of this page: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sicklecellanemia.html Also called: Hemoglobin SS disease Sickle cell anemia is a disease in which your body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells. The cells are shaped like a crescent or sickle. They don't last as long as normal, round red blood cells, which leads to anemia . The sickle cells also get stuck in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. This can cause pain and organ damage. A genetic problem causes sickle cell anemia. People with the disease are born with two sickle cell genes, one from each parent. If you only have one sickle cell gene, it's called sickle cell trait. About 1 in 12 African Americans has sickle cell trait. A blood test can show if you have the trait or anemia. Most states test newborn babies as part of their newborn screening programs. Sickle cell anemia is a disease in which your body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells. The cells are shaped like a crescent or sickle. They don't last as long as normal, round red blood cells, which leads to anemia. The sickle cells also get stuck in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. This can cause pain and organ damage.

15. Sickle Cell Anemia Information On Healthline Sickle cell anemia is a disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal crescent shape. (Red blood cells are normally shaped like a disc) http://www.healthline.com/adamcontent/sickle-cell-anemia

16. The Sickle Cell Society: Homepage A UK-based charity which provides care and information. Site includes research findings, pain management techniques, and teaching resources. http://www.sicklecellsociety.org/

Welcome to the Sickle Cell Society Website Home Organisation About Us History ... Contact Us 1 in 20 from risk groups carries a trait for Sickle Cell Disorder. The child of two carrier parents may inherit a full blown Sickle Cell Disorder. These disorders have no cure and will affect every aspect of the child's life. Before starting your family, a simple blood test can reveal if you're the one. For more information contact the Sickle Cell Society on: Sickle Cell Society The Sickle Cell Society believes that every sickle cell sufferer has the right to quality care. This can only be achieved if funding is made available to educate health carers and other professionals about the condition. The Society aims to provide this. The Society does not discriminate between the types of sickle cell disorders or the ethnic groups concerned. Both sexes are equally affected, and should have equal access to support and services in a confidential and sensitive environment. We respect the views of every patient.

17. Sickle Cell Anemia: Definition From Answers.com n. A chronic, usually fatal anemia marked by sickleshaped red blood cells, occurring almost exclusively in Black people of Africa or of African descent, and characterized by http://www.answers.com/topic/sickle-cell-anemia

18. Your Health - Content Selection List Ask the Librarian! Our librarians will help you research a specific health topic Conditions InDepth A reference guide to more than 100 health and medical conditions http://www.aurorahealthcare.org/yourhealth/healthgate/getcontent.asp?URLhealthga

19. Sickle Cell Anemia - MayoClinic.com Sickle cell anemia — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, causes, treatment of this blood disorder. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia/DS00324

20. Sickle Cell Disease | Baby | March Of Dimes Adams, R.J., et al. Prevention of a First Stroke by Transfusions in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia and Abnormal Results on Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography. http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/14332_1221.asp

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