1. Turkey History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Cu Turkey History Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... Feedback Turkey History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting Ancient Anatolia Hittites ... Turkey's Europen Union Candidacy NOTE: The information regarding Turkey on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Turkey History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Turkey History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/turkey_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

2. Baba Veli Yachting - Turkey History Anatolia has given rise to many civilizations in the course of history. Although not as advanced as Egypt or Mesopotamia, the Hatti, who spoke a language characterized by http://www.babaveliyachting.com/En/index.php?view=Turkey_History

3. Thanksgiving Turkey History Turkey Holidays. Picture the traditional Thanksgiving dinner a festive table, a loving family, glowing candles and the finest china used only on special occasions. http://www.dcpages.com/Events/Holidays/Thanksgiving/Turkey_History.shtml

Home Holidays Thanksgiving Turkey Holidays Picture the traditional Thanksgiving dinner: a festive table, a loving family, glowing candles and the finest china used only on special occasions. And the centerpiece of the festive meal: the turkey, golden brown, with stuffing and gravy on the side, awaiting the carving knife and whetting the appetites of all those present. This centerpiece scene, emerges from both holiday traditions and a unique world history of a native American god bird. Wild Turkey Origins There are two types of wild turkey, both of which are strong fliers (up to 55 mph for short distances) and among the fastest runners (15-30 mph). One type is originally from Yucatan and Guatemala (Agriocharis ocellata; 47 family - Phasianidae) and the other is from Mexico and the US (Meleagris gallopavo; family -Phasianidae). From the fossil record they were once much more widespread. They diverged from pheasants 11 million years ago and were likely "distributed continuously from middle latitudes of North America to northern South America during the Pleistocene". Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), or "huexolotlin" in the ancient language of the Aztecs in Mexico was one of the first animals in the Americas to be domesticated. The Aztecs in Mexico considered "huexolotlin" so important, they dedicated two religious festivals a year to the birds. During the celebration, turkey eggshells which had been saved for months were strewn upon the streets to honor the god who favored them with such a plentiful source of food. The turkey was also one of the manifestations of Tezcatlipoca, the trickster god, who had been elevated to the highest position in the Aztec polytheistic pantheon. All year round, it was not uncommon for over 1000 turkeys a day to be sold in a busy Aztec market. There is evidence that turkeys and were kept in pens for their plumage. The natives used turkey feathers for necklaces, head adornments, and arrows.

4. History Of Turkey - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Duplicate articles History of Turkey History of the Turkic people History of the Turkish people National histories http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Turkey

History of Turkey From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article is about the history of the lands of Turkey after the Turkic migration. For history before the Turkic migration, see History of Anatolia . For other uses, see History of Turkey (disambiguation) This section duplicates , in whole or part, the scope of other article(s) or section(s). Please discuss this issue on the talk page and conform with Wikipedia's Manual of Style by replacing the section with a link and a summary of the repeated material, or by spinning off the repeated text into an article in its own right. split into articles entitled History of Anatolia and History of the Republic of Turkey disambiguation page Discuss This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding reliable references . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (August 2010) History of Turkey Seljuq dynasty Great Seljuq Empire Sultanate of Rûm • under the Seljuks after 1071 Anatolian Beyliks Chaka of Smyrna Ahlatshahs Danishmend ... Saltuklu under the Ilkhanate Anatolian Beyliks Karamanoglu Ottomans ... Republic of Turkey from 1923 Related topics Republic of Hatay Turkish Republic of from 1983 List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire List of Presidents of Turkey Economic history of Turkey Constitutional history of Turkey ... e The history of Turkey refers to the history of the country now called Turkey. Although the lands have an ancient history, Turkic migration to the country is relatively new. The

5. Turkey History Turkey History. Comprehensive information about History in Turkey. Visit GeckoGo to find out about Turkey History. http://www.geckogo.com/Guide/Turkey/People-Culture/History/

6. Turkey Side Dishes - Turkey For Holidays - University Of Illinois Extension Turkey for the Holidays includes all the information you need to make your holiday turkey dinner a success. Also includes information on turkey history and lore and Thanksgiving. http://urbanext.illinois.edu/turkey/side_dishes.cfm

Inside Navigation Cooking Techniques Selection Carving Side Dishes Turkey Facts Turkey Fun Turkey FAQs Turkey Safety ... Credits Side Dishes Roasted Garlic Mashed Potatoes Asparagus in Lemon Sauce Three Bean Salad Quick Microwave Cranberry Relish ... Sweet Potato Pie Follow us on Facebook Twitter YouTube University of Illinois Extension Urban Programs University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of ACES

7. Turkey: History, Geography, Government, And Culture — Infoplease.com Information on Turkey — geography, history, politics, government, economy, population statistics, culture, religion, languages, largest cities, as well as a map and the national http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108054.html

Site Map FAQ in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Spelling Checker Daily Almanac for Nov 16, 2010 Search White Pages Skip Navigation Home American Indian Heritage Month ... games, quizzes Editor's Favorites American Indian Heritage Month Thanksgiving Most Corrupt Countries in the World Conversion Calculator ... DK Daily Teach Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Share World Countries ... Turkey Turkey Next Map of Turkey President: Abdullah Gul (2007) Prime Minister: Recep Tayyip Erdogan (2003) Land area: 297,591 sq mi (770,761 sq km); total area: 301,382 sq mi (780,580 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 77,804,122 (growth rate: 1.3%); birth rate: 18.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 24.8/1000; life expectancy: 72.2; density per sq mi: 239 Capital (2003 est.) : Ankara, 3,582,000 (metro. area), 3,456,100 (city proper) Largest cities: Istanbul, 9,760,000 (metro. area), 8,831,805 (city proper); Izmir, 2,398,200; Bursa, 1,288,900; Adana, 1,219,900; Gaziantep, 979,500 Monetary unit: Turkish lira (YTL) Index Turkey Main Page A New Republic and President Oppression of Kurds and Kurdish Culture and Deadly Clashes Terrorism; Attempts to Improve the Government

8. Turkey History, Turkey Travel, Turkey Information, Turkey Guide, Turkey Travel A history in turkey, holiday in turkey, turkey tourism, turkey tours, turkey travel agents, turkey tour operators, turkey travel agency, turkey travel guide http://www.travellerskey.com/turkey/history_turkey.html

Home Package Deals Hotels Travelogue Destinations Turkey History World Asia Turkey Country Information :: History : Geography : Government : Economy Rome took Anatolia in the last century BC, and called it Asia Minor. The Roman provincial capital of Ephesus was among the largest and finest cities of its time. St. Paul preached there: the Virgin Mary died in a small house on the outskirts of the city. The Seven Churches of Asia, to whom St. Paul addressed Epistles, are all in Anatolia. And St. Nicholas, the original Santa Claus, lived and worked on Anatolia's south coast. In 330 AD, Constantine the Great established the eastern capital of the Roman Empire at Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople. By the time of the Emperor Justinian (527 to 565 AD) Rome had fallen, and Constantinople was the capital of the vast empire. The Prophet Mohammed was born in 570, and within a century the armies of Islam were threatening the mighty walls of Constantinople. For centuries, the Byzantine and Arabic empires struggled for Anatolia, but both were swept aside by the coming of the Turks. for queries and suggetions please mail us at travellerskey@gmail.com

9. Mustafa Kemal ATATURK - Turkish Republic Recounting of the Turkish founder s accomplishments. http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ataturk.html

Home Turkey Hotels Blue Cruise ... Search Welcome to Turizm.net! Turkey Turkey Facts Geography Economy Population ... Nightlife History Greetings Introduction to Anatolia Prehistoric Times Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age Chalcholithic Age Bronze Age The Byzantium A Great Empire The Dark Ages Byzantium means Istanbul Hagia Sophia ... The Influence of the Church The Ottomans Before 1300 Present Times Ataturk Tips for travellers Tips for Travelers Visa requirements (Fees - Form) ... Country Codes Ataturk and the Modernization of Turkey Ataturk is the national hero of Turkey. He founded the modern Turkish Republic out of the ashes of the Ottoman Empire; an empire that was seen as the sick man of Europe at the turn of the century. His modern perspective created a new nation and a country, and a secular state understanding different from most other Islamic countries was introduced by him. Once you step in Turkey, you will see his statues and the busts all over. One of the best books written about Ataturk from a foreigner's point of view is the book titled " The Rebirth of a Nation" by Lord Kinross. He was born in the year 1881 in Thessaloniki, at that time

10. Turkey's History Turkey's History, what a long strange trip it's been There's a lot of history here. The easiest way to deal with it in a digestible format seems to be to give a chronology of the http://www.hitit.co.uk/HistoryTk.html

There's a lot of history here. The easiest way to deal with it in a digestible format seems to be to give a chronology of the major events to begin with. We're going to use that as a framework to hang bits and pieces on later. 7500 BC First Stone age settlements at 1900-1300 BC Hittite Empire with Hattusas as capital, contemporary with ancient Egypt and Babylon 1250 BC The Trojan war and the fall of Troy 1200-700 BC Migration of Greeks to Aegean coastal regions. Establishment of the Phrygian, Ionian, Lycian, Lydian, Carian and Pamphylian Kingdoms. The East of Turkey is the home of the Urartians 700 BC Homer is born in Izmir (Smyrna). Aegean Hellenism begins 546 BC Cyrus the Great leads the Persians into Anatolia 334 BC Alexander the Great drives out the Persians 130 BC The Romans incorporate Anatolia as the province of Asia, controlled from Ephesus (Efes) 40 BC Antioch sees the marriage of Antony and Cleopatra 47-57 AD St. Paul spreads Christianity and a community at Antioch is established Roman Empire adopts Christianity Constantine lays out the boundaries of his new capital, Constantinople

11. Turkey History Turkey history, civilization, historical timeline and recent past. http://www.turkish.cc/dir/turkey-history

12. History Of The Ottoman Empire - Time Of Fatih Mehmet The Conquerer A timeline and account of the history of the empire, from 1300 to 1923. http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman1.html

Home Turkey Hotels Blue Cruise ... Search Welcome to Turizm.net! Turkey Turkey Facts Geography Economy Population ... Nightlife History Greetings Introduction to Anatolia Prehistoric Times Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age Chalcholithic Age Bronze Age The Byzantium A Great Empire The Dark Ages Byzantium means Istanbul Hagia Sophia ... The Influence of the Church The Ottomans Before 1300 Present Times Ataturk Tips for travellers Tips for Travelers Visa requirements (Fees - Form) ... Country Codes THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE The Ottomans: Anatolian March Principality, 1300-1366 1299-1324 , Osman I Gazi. Establishes rule around Bursa in NW Anatolia 1324-1360 , Orhan I Gazi. Crosses into Balkans in 1345 as ally of Byzantine Emperor, John Cantacuzenus, against Serbs; marries his daughter, Theodora; 1353, John C. Again calls in Orhan and this time Ottomans stay; set up base at Gallipoli; JohnC. seeks help from Bulgars and Serbs against Ottomans but they refuse; John C. abdicates (1354 ) and is succeeded by John Palaeologus. Ottoman capital at Bursa. The Ottomans: Balkan Kingdom, 1365-1403

13. History - All About Turkey History of Turkey Historic Ages of Anatolia Paleolithic Age (Early Stone Age) 60,000 10,000 B.C. http://www.allaboutturkey.com/history.htm

Home Regions of Turkey Top Tourist Sites History ... Home > History History Historic Ages of Anatolia Paleolithic Age (Early Stone Age) 60,000 - 10,000 B.C. Mesolithic Age (Mid Stone Age) 10,000 - 8,500 B.C. Neolithic Age (Late Stone Age) 8,500 - 5,000 B.C. Chalcolithic Age (Copper Age) 5,000 - 3,000 B.C. Bronze Age 3,000 - 2,000 B.C. Hatti and Hurrian Civilization 2,500 - 2,000 B.C. Troy - II Settlement 2,500 - 2,000 B.C. Hatti and Hittite Principalities Period 2,000 - 1,750 B.C. Great Hittite Kingdom Hurri Civilization 1,750 - 1,200 B.C. Troy - VI Civilization 1,800 - 1,275 B.C. Aegean Migration and Invasion From Balkans 1,200 B.C. The Anatolian Principalities during the Iron Age 1,200 - 700 B.C. Urartu Civilization 900 - 600 B.C. The Civilization of Phrygia 750 - 300 B.C. Lydia Caria and Lycia Civilizations 700 - 300 B.C. Ionian Civilization 1,050 - 300 B.C. Persian Conquest 545 - 333 B.C. Hellenistic And Roman Age 333 B.C. - 395 A.D. Byzantine Civilization 330 - 1453 A.D.

14. The Wild Turkey Zone: Wild Turkey History The ultimate internet source for turkey hunters. Includes wild turkey species information, links to turkey calls, online articles, state hunting information, turkey records and http://www.wildturkeyzone.com/wildturkey/species.htm

Home Wild Turkey Hunting Info Turkey Calls Turkey Store Articles ... Misc. F E A T U R E S Intro to Wild Turkey Eastern Rio Grande Merriam's ... Populations Introduction to the Wild Turkey - Meleagris Gallopavo History Characteristics Flocks Reproduction Diet ... Management Pre - Colonial Early America Restoration Efforts 15th Century Aztec Drawing of a Wild Turkey There are two types of wild turkey, both of which are strong fliers (up to 55 mph for short distances) and among the fastest runners (15-30 mph). One type is originally from Yucatan and Guatemala (Agriocharis ocellata; family - Phasianidae) and the other is from Mexico and the US (Meleagris gallopavo; family -Phasianidae). Fossil records have shown they were once much more widespread. They diverged from pheasants 11 million years ago and were likely distributed continuously from middle latitudes of North America to northern South America during the Pleistocene. Appreciation for the turkey was also evident in the Mayan culture where parts of the bird were used in sacred ceremonies. Its popularity among other tribes grew, and the turkey population had spread far beyond Mexico by the time the first European explorers set foot there.

15. Neolithic Turkey An essay describing several prominent archaeological sites in Turkey. http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/neolithic.html

Home Turkey Hotels Blue Cruise ... Search Welcome to Turizm.net! Turkey Turkey Facts Geography Economy Population ... Nightlife History Greetings Introduction to Anatolia Prehistoric Times Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age Chalcholithic Age Bronze Age The Byzantium A Great Empire The Dark Ages Byzantium means Istanbul Hagia Sophia ... The Influence of the Church The Ottomans Before 1300 Present Times Ataturk Tips for travellers Tips for Travelers Visa requirements (Fees - Form) ... Country Codes Neolithic Age ( 8000 BC - 5000 BC ) This period reveals a new step in the history of mankind with the development of the established and settled societies and production of food. Anatolia once again gives the most comprehensive sites in the world for this age with Cayonu, Hacilar, Catalhoyuk and Koskhoyuk excavation sites. The Cayonu settlement which is not far from the city of Diyarbakir has been unearthed by the expedition teams under the leadership of Cambel, Braidwood, Mehmet Ozdogan, Wulf Schirmen and it is dated back to 7250-6750 BC. In the middle of the settlement is a center and around it are monumental, rectangular structures and houses. The foundation of the structures is stone and above is sun-dried brick. The inhabitants of Cayonu are the first farmers of Anatolia. They raised sheep and goat, and domesticated dog. The woman figurines among the finds discovered are the earliest traces of the Mother Goddess cult.

16. Turkey - History Turkey Table of Contents. TURKEY IS A NEW COUNTRY in an old land. The modern Turkish statebeginning with the creation of the Republic of Turkey in the years http://countrystudies.us/turkey/2.htm

History Turkey Table of Contents TURKEY IS A NEW COUNTRY in an old land. The modern Turkish statebeginning with the creation of the Republic of Turkey in the years immediately after World War Idrew on a national consciousness that had developed only in the late nineteenth century. But the history of nomadic Turkish tribes can be traced with certainty to the sixth century A.D., when they wandered the steppes of central Asia. Asia Minor, which the Turks invaded in the eleventh century, has a recorded history that dates back to the Hittites, who flourished there in the second millennium B.C. Archaeological evidence of far older cultures has been found in the region, however. The term Turkey , although sometimes used to signify the Ottoman Empire, was not assigned to a specific political entity or geographic area until the republic was founded in 1923. The conquering Turks called Asia Minor, the large peninsular territory they had wrested from the Byzantine Empire, by its Greek name, Anatolé (sunrise; figuratively, the East), or Anatolia. The term Anatolia is also used when events described affected both that region and Turkish Thrace ("Turkey-in-Europe") because of the two areas' closely linked political, social, and cultural development.

17. History Of Turkey | Model Invest information about Turkey's history Rural Property Investment; Advantages of Buying Property in Turkey; Holiday Property in Turkey http://www.modelinvest.com/turkey/history.html

The Leisure Property Developer... Agent Login Become an Agent Local Web Images Home About Us About Model Invest Property Development ... General Information Turkey History Latest News Read more... Read more... Read more... Turkey History Turkey has been the homeland to many civilizations such as Hattis, Hittites, Lycians, Persians, Romans, Seljuks and Ottomans since 6500 B.C.. All of these civilizations have contributed to Turkey's history. Turkey's strategic position is of big importance, since it is truly a meetingpoint between Europe and Asia. In fact, there is no aspect of modern culture that could not be connected to the history of the country. That is why Turkey is a perfect example of good understanding within the concept of cultural transition. Finally, the attempt of the victorious Allies to control the Anatolian territory led to the Turkish War of Independence (1918-23) and this was the beginning and the rise of the new Turkey. Mustafa Kemal proclaimes the Turkish republic in 1923 and takes the position of president. As the capital of the new country, Ankara is being prepared. Turkey is defined as a secular republic by Mustafa Kemal, based on the Turkish national feeling, the indirect will of the people and on the governmental influence on the economy. In the years between 1923-1938 that Kemal was at lead, Turkey had a significant economic growth and made great steps in being considered a European state, thanks to the clever and moderate political leadership of Mustafa Kemal.

18. Turkey Traditions And Thanksgiving Turkey History Thanksgiving Greetings Wallpapers for the day Screensavers Symbols Great Party Themes Thanksgiving around the World http://www.theholidayspot.com/thanksgiving/turkey.htm

The Turkey, its traditions, and how it got associated with Thanksgiving Navigation Links Home Thanksgiving Home History Great Party Themes ... Download TheHolidaySpot Free Toolbar Turkey tradition "The turkey is a much more respectable Bird and withal a true original Native of North America". Remarked Benjamin Franklin, the scientist cum statesman, who was in favor of making Turkey the national Bird, instead of Bald Eagle. The wild turkey is native to northern Mexico and the eastern United States. Later it was domesticated in Mexico, and was brought into Europe early in the 16th century. Since that time, turkeys have been extensively raised because of the excellent quality of their meat and eggs. Some of the common breeds of turkey in the United States are the Bronze, Narragansett, White Holland, and Bourbon Red. Though there is no real evidence that turkey was served at the Pilgrim's first thanksgiving, but through ages it became an indispensable part of the Thanksgiving tradition. The tradition of turkey is rooted in the 'History Of Plymouth Plantation', written by William Bradford some 22 years after the actual celebration. In his letter sent to England Edward Winslow, another Pilgrim, describes how the governor sent "four men out fowling" and they returned with turkeys, ducks and geese.

19. History - Turkey - Middle East: Alexander Great, Cyrus Great, Unique Ottoman, Ge alexander great, cyrus great, unique ottoman, genghis khan, byzantine empire, government society, empire capital, byzantine army, seljuk turks, ancient greek, seljuk empire http://www.countriesquest.com/middle_east/turkey/history.htm

you are here home Middle East Turkey History Turkey, History The first major civilization in Anatolia was that of the Hittites, about 1900 to 1200 bc, which originated in the central plateau. It was destroyed by invaders known as the Sea Peoples, who swept over Asia Minor and Syria at the beginning of the 12th century bc. The destruction of the western Anatolian city of Troy, an event celebrated in ancient Greek legends, probably occurred during these invasions. One group of the Sea Peoples, the Phrygians, established a kingdom that became the dominant Anatolian power in the 9th and 8th centuries bc. During this period the Greeks founded Miletus, Ephesus, and Priene and a number of other cities in Ionia, an area along the Aegean coast. About 700 bc the Phrygian kingdom was overrun and destroyed by the Cimmerians, a nomadic people who thereafter lived in western Asia Minor. In the 7th century bc the Lydians also appeared near the Aegean coast, where they founded a kingdom, the capital of which was Sardis. It was overthrown by the Persians under Cyrus the Great in 546 bc. From the mid-6th century to 333 bc most of Asia Minor, including Anatolia, belonged to the Persian Empire, although the Greek cities frequently enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy. In the 4th century bc Persian power declined, and after 333 bc it was supplanted by the Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great. In the 2nd and 1st centuries bc, Asia Minor was gradually conquered by the Romans.

20. Turkey / History - LookLex Encyclopaedia Timeline on Turkey's history leading up to our times. Article in the LookLex / Encyclopaedia http://looklex.com/e.o/turkey.history.htm

var addthis_pub="looklex"; Turkey INTRODUCTION Political situation Economy a. Figures Health Education a. Universities Demographics Religions a. Freedom Peoples Languages History ... Cities and Towns Select country Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Sudan Syria Tunisia Turkey U.A.E. Yemen Western Sahara Countries Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iran Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Oman Palestine Qatar Saudi Arabia Sudan Syria Tunisia Turkey U.A.E. Yemen Western Sahara Historical Ancient Egypt Babylonia Andalucia Mamluks Ottomans Paul's journeys Punic Wars Safavids Seljuqs Select country Egypt Morocco Tunisia Algeria Libya Mauritania Turkey Spain Sudan Turkey History This summary starts in 1923, which marked the fall of the Ottoman Empire, and the rise of the new Turkey. For full pre-1923 history, see the articles on Ottoman Empire After the postwar occupation, and a war for independence, the Turkish republic is proclaimed and Mustafa Kemal takes the position of president. Ankara is being prepared to become the capital of the new country. Kemal defines the new Turkey as a secular republic, based on the indirect will of its people, on a Turkish national feeling and on governmental influence on the economy. All these changes were to be implemented immediately.

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