21. Turkmenistan: Government Orders People Out Of Their Homes In Name Of 'Urban Rene The desert capital of one of the world's most isolated countries already has fivestar hotels, new government buildings, and newly widened streets. And soon it will add new http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/rights/articles/pp072404.shtml

Search this site: Main Regions Countries: Afghanistan ... Reposting our content Latest News Kabul Urges UN To Remove More Names From Terrorist List Afghanistan Kyrgyzstan: Prosecuting Past Crimes in Bishkek Risks Opening Fresh Wounds Kyrgyzstan ... Print version July 23, 2004 - 7:00pm Turkmenistan RFE/RL rights The desert capital of one of the world's most isolated countries already has five-star hotels, new government buildings, and newly widened streets. And soon it will add new theaters, an ice-skating palace, and even a Turkmen version of Disneyland to its architectural landscape. These may be pleasing additions to some Turkmen who make their home in Ashgabat. But for others, the coming attractions are already the source of bitter resentment. That is because hundreds of capital dwellers have been ordered to vacate their homes, which will eventually be destroyed in order to make room for Turkmenbashi's grand projects. Ashgabat's renovation project was launched in 2001. But it received a sharp push forward in June, when Niyazov visited a city suburb where residential buildings had replaced what had once been the sweeping corn and wheat fields of Soviet Turkmenistan's state farms (sovkhozi). Turkmenbashi accused the residents of illegally seizing the land following the collapse of the Soviet Union. In a meeting with his advisers, the Turkmen president made his views on the matter clear.

22. WorldLII - Categories - Countries - Turkmenistan Catalog and search facilities for over 500 databases from 55 countries including case-law, legislation, treaties, law reform reports, law journals, and other materials. http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/2767.html

23. Turkmenistan: History, Geography, Government, And Culture — Infoplease.com Information on Turkmenistan — geography, history, politics, government, economy, population statistics, culture, religion, languages, largest cities, as well as a map and the http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108058.html

Site Map FAQ in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Spelling Checker Daily Almanac for Nov 16, 2010 Search White Pages Skip Navigation Home American Indian Heritage Month ... games, quizzes Editor's Favorites American Indian Heritage Month Thanksgiving Most Corrupt Countries in the World Conversion Calculator ... DK Daily Teach Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Share World Countries ... Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Next Map of Turkmenistan President: Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov (2007) Total area: 188,455 sq mi (488,100 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 4,940,916 (growth rate: 1.1%); birth rate: 19.6/1000; infant mortality rate: 43.8/1000; life expectancy: 68.2; density per sq mi: 27 Capital and largest city (2003 est.) : Ashgabat, 727,700 Other large cities: Chardzhou, 213,500; Tashauz, 160,400 Monetary unit: Manat Index Turkmenistan Main Page Issues with Oil Exportation First Contested Elections Lead to a Questionable Outcome, New Constitution Geography Turkmenistan (formerly Turkmenia) is bounded by the Caspian Sea in the west, Kazakhstan in the north, Uzbekistan in the east, and Iran and Afghanistan in the south. About nine-tenths of Turkmenistan is desert, chiefly the Kara-Kum. One of the world's largest sand deserts, it is approximately 138,966 sq mi (360,000 sq km).

24. Turkmenistan-Government Welfare Programs TurkmenistanGovernment Welfare Programs from the Country Studies Program, formerly the Army Area Handbook Program http://www.mongabay.com/history/turkmenistan/turkmenistan-government_welfare_pro

25. Guide To Law Online: Turkmenistan - Law Library Of Congress (Library Of Congress Annotated compendium of online sources providing access to primary documents, legal commentary and general government information about specific jurisdictions and topics. http://www.loc.gov/law/help/guide/nations/turkmenistan.html

@import url(/css/loc_standard_ss.css); @import url(/law/css/loc_law_sub.css); skip navigation Options The Library of Congress Law Library ... Contact Us Related Resources at the Library Library of Congress Online Catalog THOMAS MINERVA Web Archiving and Preservation Project Find the Law Library on: In Custodia Legis Blog Facebook Twitter YouTube ... iTunes U Research Help Guide to Law Online How Do I Find... ? Current Legal Topics Guides to Our Collections ... Guide Index Turkmenistan Republic of Turkmenistan / Turkmenostan Respublikasy formerly : Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic) Constitution Executive Judicial Legislative ... General Sources Constitution Constitution of Turkmenistan (University of Texas at Arlington) in English Back to Top Executive President and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Back to Top Judicial COURTS: Supreme Court Back to Top Legislative PARLIAMENT: Halk Maslahaty (People's Council) NATLEX: Turkmenistan (International Labour Organization) database of national laws on labor, social security and related human rights Back to Top Legal Guides Global Legal Information Catalog: Turkmenistan (Law Library of Congress) provides bibliographic information on materials in our reference collection Global Legal Monitor: Turkmenistan (Law Library of Congress) Multinational Reference (Law Library of Congress) UPDATE: A Research Guide to the Turkmenistan Legal System World Legal Information Institute: Turkmenistan (WorldLII) World Legal Materials from Asia: Turkmenistan (Cornell Legal Information Institute) Back to Top General Sources

26. Turkmenistan Government | GlobalEDGE Turkmenistan Government information, with indepth details including top government officials, current political conditions, and foreign relations. View a picture of Turkmenistan's http://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/turkmenistan/government/

Your location is: > Countries > Turkmenistan > Government Key Facts GDP (ppp) per CAPITA $6,625.00 (2008 est.) Inflation Rate 15.00% (2009 est.) Population 4.88 million (2009 est.) Country Risk Ratings D Navigation introduction statistics economy history ... country memo Turkmenistan : Government PRINCIPAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS Chief of State: President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov Head of Government: President Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov Government efforts continue to focus on fostering centralized state control. The president controls the parliament and the judiciary. The civilian authorities maintain effective control of the security forces. Neither independent political activity nor opposition candidates are allowed in Turkmenistan. The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan (DPT) is the only legal political party. Political gatherings are illegal unless government-sanctioned, and the citizens of Turkmenistan do not have the means to change their government democratically. While the constitution provides for freedom of the press, there is virtually no freedom of the press or of association. The government has full control of all domestic media and restricts foreign publications. International satellite TV is widely available.

27. Turkmenistan Government Announces New Turkmenistan2000 Oil & Gas Licensing Initi Business/Energy Editors ASHGABAT, Turkmenistan(BUSINESS WIRE)March 28, 2000 The Turkmenistan Government has announced a new licensing initiative, Turkmenistan 2000. This http://www.allbusiness.com/government/government-bodies-offices-heads/6446347-1.

28. EMBASSY OF TURKMENISTAN, Washington DC USA Index Embassy of Turkmenistan, located in Washington DC and accredited to the United States, Canada and Mexico. Includes basic facts about Turkmenistan, and its culture, traditions, and history. http://www.turkmenistanembassy.org/

E-mail: turkmen@mindspring.com Phone: (202) 588 1500, Fax: (202) 280 1003 General Information Latest News Visa Regulations Document's Legalization ... Contacts Directory

29. Turkmenistan Government An independent Turkmenistan government did not exist before 1991 until which time the country was under the administration of Soviet Russia. http://www.mapsofworld.com/turkmenistan/government/

Your Window to the World Maps of World.com OUR CHANNELS : Finance Travel HOME SITE MAP ... Turkmenistan > Government Turkmenistan Government An independent Turkmenistan government did not exist before 1991 until which time the country was under the administration of Soviet Russia. The period during which the Turkmenistan government was bound under Soviet Russia's rule, the country was called the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. The head of the Turkmenistan government as well as the head of state of Turkmenistan is the President who is elected for a period of 5 years through the procedure of the Presidential elections . The first Presidential elections were held in 1992 and Sparmyrat Niyazov became the unchallenged President and consequentially the ruler of Turkmenistan until his death in 2006. New Presidential elections were held in February 2007. Beside the Presidential election there is a provision for legislative elections in the country. Legislative elections are held nationwide and choose 50 members to the Parliament from 50 single-state constituencies. These ministers serve under the President and hold office for 5 years. However, the constitution of the country has allowed the presence of only one political party within the set-up of the Turkmenistan government . All legislative election candidates are from this party which is called the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan To know more on the Turkmenistan government , one can go through the following links:- Turkmenistan Parliament Constitution Turkmenistan Elections Turkmenistan Politics

30. AllRefer.com - Turkmenistan: Government (**turkmenistan-adj** Government) :Capit AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete information on Turkmenistan with respect to Government, Country name, conventional long form, conventional short http://reference.allrefer.com/world/countries/turkmenistan/government.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather November 16, 2010 Medicine People Places History ... Maps You are here : AllRefer.com Reference World Countries ... Turkmenistan - Government Turkmenistan: Government Government Turkmenistan Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic local short form: Turkmenistan Government type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991) Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992 Legal system: based on civil law system Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

31. Government - Turkmenistan - Asia government, turkmenistan, asia Turkmenistan, Government. Turkmenistan promulgated its first constitution as an independent republic in May 1992, replacing the constitution http://www.countriesquest.com/asia/turkmenistan/government.htm

you are here home Asia Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan, Government Turkmenistan promulgated its first constitution as an independent republic in May 1992, replacing the constitution of the Soviet period. The republic does not yet have a multiparty system in place, and most candidates have run unopposed in elections. All citizens aged 18 and older may vote. The president of Turkmenistan is head of state, head of government, and supreme commander of the armed forces. The office of president was established in Turkmenistan in 1990 shortly before the republic’s independence from the Soviet Union. The 1992 constitution increased the powers of the president and made the president head of the Council of Ministers with the option of appointing a prime minister at any time. The president appoints the members of the council, which administers the daily operations of government. Under the constitution, the president is directly elected to a five-year term and may be elected for no more than two consecutive terms. However, in 1994 the legislature voted to extend President Saparmurad Niyazov’s term of office until 2002, and voters endorsed the decision in a nationwide referendum. For purposes of local government, Turkmenistan is divided into five velayets (regions). The velayets are further subdivided into ils (districts), which may be either counties or cities. Each of the velayets is ruled by a veli (governor), who is appointed by the president. The veli in turn appoints the heads of the ils within his velayet, who are known as hekims.

32. MapZones.com : Turkmenistan Government Information of Turkmenistan Government, Political parties, democracy, Prime Minister http://www.mapzones.com/world/asia/turkmenistan/governmentindex.php

Country Info Home Introduction General Data Maps ... Time and Date Turkmenistan : Government Government: Many Soviet-era officials still in place, 1996; constitution of 1992 stipulates democratic separation of powers, but presidency sole center of actual power under Saparmyrat Niyazov. Legislative branch, fifty-member Milli Mejlis, has same ratification functions as Soviet-era Supreme Soviet. Judiciary very weakjudges appointed by president; Supreme Court reviews constitutionality of legislation. Sixty-member National Council with advisory function, actually subsidiary to presidential power. Politics: Constitution guarantees political freedom, but former Communist Party, now Democratic Party, dominates and retains same structure and propaganda machine as in Soviet era. Niyazov's cult of personality provides further domination. Small, weak opposition groups concentrate on single issues; some groups outlawed. Foreign Relations: Basic policy "positive neutrality"noninterference and neutrality toward all countries and attempts to establish relations as widely as possible. Marketing and transport of natural gas and oil given priority in foreign economic deals. Remains independent of other Central Asian and CIS countries when possible, but maintains strong bilateral military and economic ties with Russia. International Agreements and Memberships: Member of United Nations (UN), International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), Islamic Development Bank, and CIS.

33. Turkmenistan Government Type - Government Facts and statistics about the Government type of Turkmenistan. Updated as of 2010. http://indexmundi.com/turkmenistan/government_type.html

Turkmenistan Government type Turkmenistan Government Government type: defines itself as a secular democracy and a presidential republic; in actuality displays authoritarian presidential rule, with power concentrated within the executive branch Definition: This entry gives the basic form of government. Definitions of the major governmental terms are as follows. (Note that for some countries more than one definition applies.): Absolute monarchy - a form of government where the monarch rules unhindered, i.e., without any laws, constitution, or legally organized oposition. Anarchy - a condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority. Authoritarian - a form of government in which state authority is imposed onto many aspects of citizens' lives. Commonwealth - a nation, state, or other political entity founded on law and united by a compact of the people for the common good. Communist - a system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single - often authoritarian - party holds power; state controls are imposed with the elimination of private ownership of property or capital while claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people (i.e., a classless society). Confederacy (Confederation) - a union by compact or treaty between states, provinces, or territories, that creates a central government with limited powers; the constituent entities retain supreme authority over all matters except those delegated to the central government.

34. Turkmenistan/Government - Discussion And Encyclopedia Article. Who Is Turkmenist Turkmenistan/Government. Discussion about Turkmenistan/Government. Ecyclopedia or dictionary article about Turkmenistan/Government. http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Turkmenistan/Government/

35. Turkmenistan Capital Government Turkmenistan government, capital, and more. conventional long form none conventional short form Turkmenistan local long form none http://www.countryfacts.com/turkmenistan/government/

CountryFacts.com Turkmenistan CountryFacts.com Top 10 Countries * United States China Japan India ... Brazil * By Gross Domestic Market (2002) Turkmenistan Government Overview Geography People Government ... Transnational Issues Capital: Ashgabat Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic local short form: Turkmenistan Government type: republic Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dasoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991) Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992 Legal system: based on civil law system Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Saparmurat NIYAZOV (since 27 October 1990, when the first direct presidential election occurred); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Saparmurat NIYAZOV (since 27 October 1990, when the first direct presidential election occurred); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

36. 1Up Travel > Turkmenistan Government - Facts On Government Of Turkmenistan Is He Wanted to find out info about Government of Turkmenistan with respect to Country name, Data code, Dependency status, Government type, Capital, Administrative divisions http://www.1uptravel.com/international/asia/turkmenistan/government.html

Enter your search terms Submit search form Web 1UpTravel.com You are here 1Up Travel Countries of the World Asia Turkmenistan ADVERTISEMENT Country Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues Related Turkmenistan Guide Turkmenistan Maps Turkmenistan Hotels Turkmenistan Flag ... Turkmenistan Travel Warning Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan Government Top of Page Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none local short form: Turkmenistan former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Government type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Administrative divisions: 5 welayatlar (singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Nebitdag), Dashhowuz Welayaty (formerly Tashauz), Lebap Welayaty (Charjew), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991)

37. Articles About Turkmenistan Government - Los Angeles Times Turkmenistan Government News. Find breaking news, commentary, and archival information about Turkmenistan Government from the Los Angeles Times http://articles.latimes.com/keyword/turkmenistan-government

38. Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan Local Government Politics Turkmenistan Home. Turkmenistan Actors, Acting Turkmenistan Agency, Travel http://www.internationaldiscussions.com/country/Turkmenistan/Turkmenistan-govern

Turkmenistan Home Turkmenistan Actors, Acting Turkmenistan Agency, Travel Turkmenistan Agriculture ... Turkmenistan Weird Turkmenistan Government Description: This Turkmenistan page needs your help. If you are familiar with the Topic please add your comments via the link below. News: Tea Party Source 3 [See Similar Topics] * How are Turkmenistan Government devised on a local level, if at all * Where you can get more information on Turkmenistan Government * Is Turkmenistan Government widely available for export * Topics related to Turkmenistan Government Do you think there is missing information on this page? Would you like to add more information to it? There is a current Discussion Thread about Turkmenistan Government located: HERE you can add your input now HERE Design: BGID® ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Privacy Discuss Web Contact

39. Turkmenistan Government travel destinations travel news scuba contacts Turkmenistan Government. actual Travel Guide Facts Turkmenistan Government. Country name conventional long form none http://www.actualtravelguide.com/facts/turkmenistan/government/

travel destinations travel news scuba contacts Turkmenistan Government actual Travel Guide Facts Turkmenistan Government Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none local short form: Turkmenistan former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. Government type: republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch. Capital: name: Ashgabat (Ashkhabad) geographic coordinates: 37 57 N, 58 23 E time difference: UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time). Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat) and 1 independent city*: Ahal Welayaty (Anew), Ashgabat*, Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses). Independence: 27 October 1991 (from Soviet Union). National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991). Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992.

40. Turkmenistan Government Topic Internet World Asia Turkmenistan Asia Governments Turkmenistan Government Accommodations Places to Stay Asia Hotels International Hotel Search http://www.externalharddrive.com/countries/asia/government/turkmenistan.html

Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan Topic Internet World Asia Turkmenistan ... Asia Governments Turkmenistan Government Accommodations - Places to Stay Asia Hotels International Hotel Search Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Airlines Airlines in Asia Airlines Worldwide Airports Airports in Asia Airports Worldwide Capital: Ashgabat Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992 Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none local short form: Turkmenistan former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Tracey A. JACOBSON embassy: 9 Pushkin (1984) Street, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan 774000 mailing address: 7070 Ashgabat Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-7070 telephone: [9] (9312) 35-00-45 FAX: [9] (9312) 39-26-14 Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Mered Bairamovich ORAZOV chancery: 2207 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

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