41. Volcanoes volcanoes. USGS Graphic. A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur. http://www.solcomhouse.com/volcano.htm

About Us Awards Donate Contact ... Site Map Volcanoes USGS Graphic A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur. Gases and rock shoot up through the opening and spill over or fill the air with lava fragments. Eruptions can cause lateral blasts, lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. Volcano eruptions have been known to knock down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flashfloods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls. More than 80 percent of the earth's surface is volcanic in origin. The sea floor and some mountains were formed by countless volcanic eruptions. Gaseous emissions from volcano formed the earth's atmosphere. The word volcano comes from the little island of Vulcano in the Mediterranean Sea off Sicily. Centuries ago, the people living in this area believed that Vulcano was the chimney of the forge of Vulcan( Lat. Volcanus)the blacksmith of the Roman gods. They thought that the hot lava fragments and clouds of dust erupting from Vulcano came from Vulcan's forge as he beat out thunderbolts for Jupiter, king of the gods, and weapons for Mars, the god of war.

42. Volcano Research Center University of Tokyo research on volcanoes in Japan. http://hakone.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

43. Volcano, Volcanoes, Volcano Information At LiveScience.com LiveScience.com explains volcano, volcanoes, volcano information, volcano world and volcano eruptions. http://www.livescience.com/volcanoes/

dartTag = 'general/home'; All About Volcanoes A volcano is simply defined as an opening in the earth's surface crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected. Volcanoes occur most often on or near crustal plates or boundaries, although certain volcanoes known as hotspot volcanoes can occur virtually anywhere. Today’s existing terrestrial volcanoes are believed to have formed when molten rock or magma welled up in the Earth’s interior pushed its way to the surface causing the volcanoes’ initial eruptions. Volcanoes all generally fit into one of six different categories: Shield volcanoes, Cinder volcanoes, Stratovolcanoes, Submarine volcanoes, Subglacial volcanoes, and the most powerful volcano of all, the Supervolcano . A Supervolcanic eruption can be catastrophic to entire regions both climatically and geologically. Individual volcanoes are typically described as being either active (currently erupting), dormant (not currently active) or extinct (not expected to ever erupt again). Some of the most famous volcanic eruptions around the world include the Yellowstone Caldera in Yellowstone National Park, Lake Toba

44. Volcanoes Get Volcano facts, photos, wallpapers, news and safety tips at National Geographic. http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/volcano-

45. Volcano Photos, Information And Stories Educational site with articles on recent volcanic activity. http://www.volcanoes.com/

Home Home Hot Topics Holocene Photo Gallery Hawaii photo gallery ... STories Photo Gallery Preview Volcanoes Around the World   Volcano Sites Around the World see links to worldwide information about volcanoes     Read more Hot Topics Iceland Adventure Watching the photos on the internet, I was inspired to spontaneity and booked a flight to Reykjavik, Read more Photo of the Day Read more Submit your volcano story Submit your story Submit your photos Main Menu Home Hot Topics Holocene Photo Gallery Hawaii photo gallery ... STories Resources Administrator Login Form Username Password Remember Me Forgot your password? Forgot your username? Create an account Designed by: Joomla Templates Volcano Photos, Information and Stories Photo of the Day Written by Meg Weston Wednesday, 17 December 2008 00:00 Last Updated ( Thursday, 15 April 2010 11:58 ) Attention Students For general information about how volcanoes work, please try some of these sites: How Volcanoes Work Volcano World USGS I'm in the Flow Sponsored Links Who's Online We have 40 guests online Valid XHTML and CSS Volcanoes.com, Powered by

46. Volcanoes Around The World information and links about volcano web sites around the world http://www.volcanoes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47

47. Glaciercaves.com Glaciers Caves Mountains Volcanoes Pictures Glaciercaves Images and data on Cascade and other volcanoes. http://glaciercaves.com

Home Bulletins Photo Gallery Mount Garibaldi ... Update on Mount St. Helens Charles H. Anderson Jr., Director IGS Mark Vining, Chief Scientist IGS Chris Behrens, Assistant Director IGS Web Design By Mike (Radman) Riley

48. Volcanoes - News - Science - The New York Times News about volcanoes. Commentary and archival information about volcanoes from The New York Times. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/science/topics/volcanoes/index.html

@import url(http://graphics8.nytimes.com/css/topic/screen/200704/topic.css); Log In Register Now Help Home Page ... Times Topics Search All NYTimes.com Tuesday, November 16, 2010 Science World U.S. N.Y. / Region ... Topics > Volcanoes E-MAIL Volcanoes Vilhelm Gunnersson/European Pressphoto Agency News about volcanoes, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times. Volcanoes By ALEXEI BARRIONUEVO Three months after erupting, the Chaitén volcano in Chile continues to threaten a once-picturesque town. August 10, 2008 world News Clash Over Rebirth of Mt. St. Helens By CORNELIA DEAN After 30 years of research, some people say it is time to restore public access to an area devastated by a volcanic eruption in 1980. August 18, 2009 science News Observatory Way Under the Sea, Violent Eruptions From Volcanoes By HENRY FOUNTAIN New research suggests that explosive eruptions occurred on the seafloor, at depths of 13,000 feet. July 8, 2008 science News Scientists Find Active Volcano in Antarctica By KENNETH CHANG Heat from a volcano could still be melting ice and contributing to the thinning and speeding up of the Pine Island Glacier, according to a report by the British Antarctic Survey.

49. FEMA: Volcano Volcano. A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a reservoir of molten rock below the surface of the earth. Unlike most mountains, which are pushed up from below, volcanoes http://www.fema.gov/hazard/volcano/index.shtm

Skip to content FEMA.gov FEMA Mobile Site Contact Us ... Frequently Asked Questions or Additional Languages Search Advanced Search Home Apply for Assistance FEMA Audiences ... About FEMA Social Media FEMA Mobile Email Updates Facebook Twitter ... Print Preview Volcano A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a reservoir of molten rock below the surface of the earth. Unlike most mountains, which are pushed up from below, volcanoes are built up by an accumulation of their own eruptive products. When pressure from gases within the molten rock becomes too great, an eruption occurs. Eruptions can be quiet or explosive. There may be lava flows, flattened landscapes, poisonous gases, and flying rock and ash. Because of their intense heat, lava flows are great fire hazards. Lava flows destroy everything in their path, but most move slowly enough that people can move out of the way. Fresh volcanic ash, made of pulverized rock, can be abrasive, acidic, gritty, gassy, and odorous. While not immediately dangerous to most adults, the acidic gas and ash can cause lung damage to small infants, to older adults, and to those suffering from severe respiratory illnesses. Volcanic ash also can damage machinery, including engines and electrical equipment. Ash accumulations mixed with water become heavy and can collapse roofs. Volcanic ash can affect people hundreds of miles away from the cone of a volcano. Sideways directed volcanic explosions, known as "lateral blasts," can shoot large pieces of rock at very high speeds for several miles. These explosions can kill by impact, burial, or heat. They have been known to knock down entire forests.

50. VOLCANOES www.solarnavigator.net volcanoes, floods and flooding, earthquakes tremors and seizmic disturbances in the Earth's crust or plates, storms wind hurricanes and tornadoes. http://solarnavigator.net/volcanoes.htm

VOLCANOES HOME BIOLOGY FILMS GEOGRAPHY ... SPONSORS A volcano is a geological landform usually generated by the eruption through a vent in a planet's surface of magma, molten rock welling up from the planet's interior. Volcanoes of various types are found on other planets and their moons as well as on earth. Roughly defined, a volcano consists of a magma chamber, pipes and vents. The magma chamber is where magma from deep within the planet pools, while pipes are channels that lead to surface vents, openings in the volcano's surface through which lava is ejected during an eruption. Though the common perception of a volcano as a mountain spewing lava and poisonous gases from a crater in its top Other types of volcanoes include ice volcanoes (particularly on some moons of Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune) and mud volcanoes. Mud volcanoes are formations often not associated with known magmatic activity. Active mud volcanoes tend to involve temperatures much lower than those of igneous volcanoes, except when a mud volcano is actually a vent of an igneous volcano. On Earth , volcanoes tend to occur near the boundaries of crustal plates. Important exceptions exist in hotspot volcanoes, which occur at locations far from plate boundaries; hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the solar system, especially on its rocky planets and moons.

51. Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Hurricanes, Tornadoes—Forces Of Nature: Science, Maps, P Explore the science behind volcanoes and earthquakes, and then make your own! Delve into the forces of nature3 D models, photos, case studies, videos, and more. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/forcesofnature/interactive/index.html

52. Volcanoes - Crystalinks volcanoes. A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. http://www.crystalinks.com/volcanoes.html

Volcanoes A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time. Volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. A mid-oceanic ridge, for example the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has examples of volcanoes caused by "divergent tectonic plates" pulling apart; the Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by "convergent tectonic plates" coming together. By contrast, volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the Earth's crust (called "non-hotspot intraplate volcanism"), such as in the African Rift Valley, the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and the Rio Grande Rift in North America and the European Rhine Graben with its Eifel volcanoes. Volcanoes can be caused by "mantle plumes". These so-called "hotspots" , for example at Hawaii, can occur far from plate boundaries. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the solar system, especially on rocky planets and moons.

53. Volcanoes volcanoes Directions Please read the following passage and answer all of the accompanying questions. http://www.algebralab.org/passage/passage.aspx?file=EarthSpace_Volcanoes.xml

54. Volcanoes On Other Planets - NASA Project At NEIU A look at volcanoes on Mars, Venus, the Earth s moon and Io. http://www.neiu.edu/~kbartels/VolcanoModule/VolcanoesOnOtherPlanets.html

Volcanoes on the planets! What kinds of eruptions occurred on other planets? Our nearest neighbors in the solar system both have significant volcanic landforms; two examples are Olympus Mons on Mars (left) and "pancake domes" on Venus (right). The links below provide more information on volcanoes on Mars and Venus as well as on our moon and Io, a moon of Jupiter. "Volcanoes of Other Worlds" from Volcano World site Follow "Volcanism on Other Worlds" or "Planetary Volcanism" links on How VolcanoesWork site Volcanoes on Mars at NASA's Mars Exploration Program site Exploratour -Volcanoes of the Solar System Suggested Activity: Use the jigsaw technique with groups of three or four students to investigate volcanoes on other planets and moons. This works best after learning about the different types of volcanoes that occur on Earth. Students can choose (or be assigned) a particular planet or moon to investigate in detail. The individual student task is to investigate the variety of volcanic landforms on their particular planet and to determine what is similar and what is different compared to those on Earth. The "experts" then meet to share their detailed knowledge, and then the base group convenes so that each expert can share what they've learned and to create a final report on the variety of volcanic landforms in the solar system. The criteria for the activity can be tailored to grade or course level. This can be followed with the activity "What factors influence the shapes of volcanoes?"

55. Volcanoes S5E1. Students will identify surface features of the Earth caused by constructive and destructive processes. http://www.valdosta.edu/~jnunderwood/topic.html

Do you know how the mountain grows? Cotopoxi, Ecuador Volcanoes 5th Grade Table of Contents Georgia Performance Standard Rationale Related Web Sites Activities Software Reviews Links to Other Pages Mount Merapi, Indonesia Georgia Performance Standard S5E1. Students will identify surface features of the Earth caused by constructive and destructive processes. a. Identify surface features caused by constructive processes. b. Identify and find examples of surface features caused by destructive processes. Kilauea, Hawaii Rationale I chose volcanoes as a topic because volcanoes are a very important component of the earth's geography. Not only are they creations of the earth, but they also cause damage to the earth. Volcanoes may not affect the children that I have in my classroom, but volcanoes are alive and active today. It is important to learn about how volcanoes work and how they are harmful to people, animals, and the land. I believe it is also important for students in this area to recognize that every part of the world faces natural dangers. Here in this part of the country, we face the potential of bad weather from tropical storms and hurricanes. It is important to know what we can do to help others when something in nature may be destructive to people, places,and things. Santa Ana, El Salvador

56. HowStuffWorks "How Volcanoes Work" volcanoes are some of nature's most aweinspiring displays, with everything from exploding mountaintops to rivers of lava. Learn how all the different types of volcanoes work. http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/natural-disasters/volcano.htm

HSW.sm.loadPageInfo(8392); OAS_AD('TopBanner'); HowStuffWorks Search HowStuffWorks and the web Video Podcasts Blogs Quizzes Games RSS Adventure Animals Auto Culture ... Next Page How Volcanoes Work by Tom Harris Print Cite Feedback ... Recommend Cite This! Close Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article: Inside this Article Introduction to How Volcanoes Work Magma and Plate Tectonics Volcano Formation Magma Eruptions ... See all Natural Disasters articles 10 Ways The World Will End Videos Volcano Image Gallery Volcanoes are some of nature's most awe-inspiring displays, with everything from exploding mountaintops to rivers of lava. Learn how all the different types of volcanoes work. See more volcano pictures Whenever there is a major volcanic eruption in the world, you'll­ see a slew of newspaper articles and nightly news stories covering the catastrophe, all stressing a familiar set of words violent, raging, awesome. When faced with a spewing volcano, people today share many of the same feelings volcano-observers have had throughout human history: We are in awe of the destructive power of nature, and we are unsettled by the thought that a peaceful mountain can suddenly become an unstoppable destructive force! While scientists have cleared up much of the mystery surrounding volcanoes, our knowledge has not made volcanoes any less amazing. In this article, we'll take a look­ at the powerful, violent forces that create eruptions, and see how these eruptions build volcanic structures like islands.

57. MTU Volcanoes Page Welcome to the Michigan Technological University volcanoes Page Sponsored by the Keweenaw Volcano Observatory. Michigan Tech. Houghton, MI USA http://www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/

Welcome to the Michigan Technological University Volcanoes Page Sponsored by the Keweenaw Volcano Observatory. Michigan Tech Houghton, MI USA Our Purpose A primary focus of volcanology is to provide scientific and educational information that can lead to hazard mitigation. What is a volcano? this a volcano? How about this ? Or this ? Or this? Smithsonian Institution/ USGS Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Network How Volcanoes Work NASA SDSU Active Volcano Map Useful links by volcano- USGS-CVO Volcanoes of Canada Geological Survey of Canada Cascade Volcano Web Cams Webcams of Italian VolcanoesINGV The Nature of Volcanoes Science News ... VW-OregonSt Annenberg Volcano Learner Volcanic Hazards Mitigation Volcanic Cloud Hazards to Aviation - This page aims to provide information about how volcanic ash clouds affect aircraft, and how to avoid this hazard. Volcanoes and People Scientists are not communication experts. This page is a first step at building communcation between scientists and teachers, with a goal of mitigating natural hazards. Basic Guide to Volcanic Hazards prepared by Colleen M. Riley

58. Volcanoes Theme Page The primary focus of the Community Learning Network (CLN) is to help K12 teachers integrate Information Technology into their classrooms. This CLN menu page provides links to http://cln.org/themes/volcanoes.html

59. Volcanoes This interactive exhibit, part of the Exhibits Collection of The Annenberg/CPB Projects, explores why volcanic eruptions occur. Activities invite visitors to melt rocks, locate famous volcanoes and play the role of a volcanologist. Includes video clips. http://www.learner.org/interactives/volcanoes/

60. Facts About Volcanoes For Kids Facts and information on Mountains for kids, including the five different types of mountains that exist. http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/mountains/volcanoes.htm

The Mountain Environment document.write(TODAY); HOMEPAGE Guestbook Feedback Homework index ... Quick Facts about Mountains Volcanoes What is a volcano? Volcano Eruptions Parts of a volcano Volcano Vocabulary ... Largest Active Volcano mandybarrow.com Facts about Volcanoes for Kids What is a Volcano? A volcano is a landform (usually a mountain) where molten rock erupts through the surface of the planet. In simple terms a volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock ( magma ) below the surface of the earth. It is a hole in the Earth from which molten rock and gas erupt. Did you know? The name "volcano" has its origin from the name of Vulcan , a god of fire in Roman mythology. fissures What is the difference between lava and Magma? Magma is liquid rock inside a volcano. Lava How many volcanoes are there in the world? There are around 1510 'active' volcanoes in the world. We currently know of 80 or more which are under the oceans. What are the three layers the Earth is made of? Crust The crust is the outer layer of Earth. It is about 18 miles thick. It is the part we live on.

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