21. The Year 2000 Computer Problems This is an archive page. The links are no longer being updated. Testimony on The Year 2000 Computer Problems by John Callahan Assistant Secretary for Management and Budget http://www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t980507a.html

This is an archive page. The links are no longer being updated. Testimony on The Year 2000 Computer Problems by John Callahan Assistant Secretary for Management and Budget and Chief Information Officer U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Before the House Committee on Ways and Means, Subcommittee on Oversight May 7, 1998 Good morning. I am John Callahan, Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services for Management and Budget (ASMB) and Chief Information Officer (CIO). I am pleased to appear before this Subcommittee to provide you with a report on the accomplishments of the Department and the challenges faced by the Department in assuring that our systems are Millennium compliant. We will especially emphasize the Year 2000 progress made by HCFA and ACF. I am accompanied today by Gary Christoph, CIO of the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), and by Elizabeth James, CIO of the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), and Norm Thompson, Associate Commissioner for Automation and Special Projects in ACF's Office of Child Support Enforcement. HHS' YEAR 2000 EFFORT The Secretary, the Deputy Secretary, and I have declared the Year 2000 (Y2K) date issue to be our highest information technology priority. We have already taken several steps, and we will continue to take action, to ensure that all HHS information systems are Year 2000 compliant. We have involved all parts of our organization, including staff with expertise in information systems, budget, human resources, and acquisition management in solving the Year 2000 problem. No matter what else we do and what other initiatives we undertake, we must ensure that our ability to accomplish the Department's mission is not impaired.

22. The Coming Year 2000 Computer Crash & What It Means To You (Adv) The coming year 2000 computer crash what it means to you (Adv) To An Open Letter To All Americans From Chris Phillips, National Chairman American Center For Legislative http://www.libertylobby.org/articles/1998/19981221y2k_ad.html

Reprinted from www.libertylobby.org, home of The SPOTLIGHT archive Home About us Archives Search ... Books To: An Open Letter To All Americans From: Chris Phillips, National Chairman American Center For Legislative Reform I ask you, can we afford a President that is so wrapped up in his personal problems that he can not focus on the most serious catastrophe Americans have faced in the last five decades? That's right, not since the Great Depression, have we faced such a grave situation. The problem in a nutshell: Computer programmers often used only two digits rather than the four to represent years, for example, 98 instead of 1998. As a result, many computer systems cannot distinguish between 2000 and 1900 and will malfunction without programming changes. The Year 2000 Computer crash, sometimes called the Millennium Bug or Y2K, is the most looming economic crisis this country has ever faced. The recession of the 1970s pales in comparison. Dome contend the Y2K will be more catastrophic that either of the last two World Wars combined. Utility blackouts, rationing, food shortages, bank closings, and hyper-inflation could just be the beginning of the most trying time in Americas history. MORE CLINTON SHENANIGANS. President Clinton has told us not to worry, saying "the government will not allow the YEAR 2000 problem to happen." Well, he also told us he never had an improper relationship with Monica! He was lying then. What makes you think he is not lying now?

23. Year 2000 Computer Problem In a nutshell, the Year 2000 Computer Problem is that during the 1960s, '70s and '80s, most programs were written using the date format MM/DD/YY and the programs assume that http://www.uc.edu/ucitnow/spring_98/prob.html

Spring 1998 Technical Update General Interest Year 2000 Computer Problem In a nutshell, the Year 2000 Computer Problem is that during the 1960s, '70s and '80s, most programs were written using the date format MM/DD/YY and the programs assume that the first two digits of any given year are "19." Computers running such programs require attention to be able to distinguish between centuries. Left untreated, come New Year's Day, 1 January 2000, computers all over the globe could be producing errors, horrifying users with application failures - and crashing. On the surface, this seems like a small problem. But finding the appropriate lines of code - particularly in programs for which the source code may no longer be available! - makes looking for a needle in a haystack child's play by comparison. Finding, fixing and testing date-related processes in computer systems will require significant resources at the University of Cincinnati and throughout the world. For more information, please visit the

24. Year 2000 Computer Failures - Managing Business & Legal Risks - Steven H Goldber Year 2000 Computer Failures Managing the Business and Legal Risks Steven H. Goldberg, Cosgrove, Eisenberg Kiley, P.C. OVERVIEW. The Year 2000 problem refers to the http://www.comlinks.com/legal/gold2.htm

Year 2000 Computer Failures: Managing the Business and Legal Risks OVERVIEW The "Year 2000" problem refers to the inability of most computers to process date information later than December 31, 1999. Date codes in most programs are abbreviated to allow only two digits for the year, e.g., "97." Unless these programs are converted to handle the century date change, they will interpret the year "00," that is, 2000, as 1900. When that happens, some computers won't work at all and others will suffer critical calculation and other processing errors. Because of the unprecedented scope of the problem, long lead times of several years are required to assess, correct and test automated systems to prevent computer failures and operational disruptions. Although the problem is fundamentally a technical one, public and private enterprises should recognize the significant legal issues that will arise from Year 2000 failures and take appropriate measures now to protect themselves, their shareholders and their customers from liability exposure, financial losses and business interruptions. Indeed, directors and officers may have fiduciary duties to exercise due diligence to investigate and disclose potential Year 2000 problems. Avoiding foreseeable Year 2000 trouble spots also will help companies reduce their vulnerability to litigation and identify potential claims against non-compliant vendors. THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM A simple example of the Year 2000 problem is the calculation of someone's age, a vital piece of information for many business, government and professional computer applications. A person who was born in 1935 will turn 65 in 2000. But computers that cannot correctly process 21st century dates would subtract 1935 from 1900 and calculate the individual's age to be -35 (or possibly 35).

25. 7/14/98: Vice President Gore Documents Year 2000 Computer Problems for immediate release july 14, 1998 president clinton challenges businesses to address the year 2000 computer problem vice president gore documents federal efforts to date july http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/npr/library/news/071498.html

THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release July 14, 1998 PRESIDENT CLINTON CHALLENGES BUSINESSES TO ADDRESS THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM VICE PRESIDENT GORE DOCUMENTS FEDERAL EFFORTS TO DATE July 14, 1998 National Academy of Sciences Today, President Clinton will review the Federal Government's efforts to prepare its critical systems for the year 2000 century date change and challenge businesses to take responsibility for making sure that their systems are ready for the new millennium. The President will announce Federal initiatives to promote information sharing on year 2000 efforts and to connect people who have skills for addressing the problem with employers who are in need of their services. Order of Speakers: Dr. Bruce Alberts, President, National Academy of Sciences Vice President Gore President Clinton See attached fact sheet. PRESIDENT CLINTON CHALLENGES BUSINESSES TO ADDRESS THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM VICE PRESIDENT GORE DOCUMENTS FEDERAL EFFORTS TO DATE July 14, 1998

26. Recent Papers Will Universities Continue to Operate in January 2000? On the Horizon, May/June 1998, pp. 1314. Foreign Policy Implications of the Year 2000 Computer Problem, A http://www.gwu.edu/~y2k/keypeople/umpleby/y2kpapers.html

Papers and Presentations on Y2K By Stuart Umpleby Will Universities Continue to Operate in January 2000? On the Horizon , May/June 1998, pp. 13-14. Foreign Policy Implications of the Year 2000 Computer Problem ," A Presentation at The George Washington University, May 5, 1998. A National Action Plan for Y2K Recovery ," in Alain Wouters, Philippe Vandenbroeck and Douglass Carmichael (eds.), The Millennium Bug The Year 2000 Computer Problem: Structure, Denial and Actions . Leuven, Belgium: Acco, 1998, pp. 145-150. "From Systems Thinking to Decision-Making: The Case of the Year 2000 Computer Crisis," Systems Science School, Neuchatel, Switzerland, September 7-12, 1998. With Karl Mueller, "Hoffen, dass nichts passiert, is zuwenig" (Hoping that nothing happens is not enough), Der Standard (Austrian daily newspaper), 24 September, 1998, pp. A 11. With Peggy Lee, " Customer Service and the Year 2000 Computer Crisis ," Presented at the annual Congress on Customer Satisfaction," McLean, VA, October 1998. Participation in Organizations and Communities Stimulated by the Year 2000 Computer Crisis ," International Conference on Problems of Participation and Connection, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, April 6-9, 1999.

27. Year 2000 Computer Problem For Release November 4, 1997. YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission) wishes once again to emphasize the importance for all http://www.cftc.gov/opa/press97/opaadv55-97.htm

Advisory: 55-97 For Release: November 4, 1997 YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM It bears repeating that a sound Year 2000 preparedness plan should, at a minimum, include the following phases: 1. identification of systems that are Year 2000 vulnerable; 2. update of the systems; 3. extensive testing; and 4. contingency planning in the event of malfunction of any part of the systems. The Commission considers it to be the responsibility of each SRO and Commission registrant to inquire whether each entity on which it relies for any part of its operation, such as a service bureau, is actively involved in bringing its systems into Year 2000 compliance and to conduct testing to ensure that system interdependencies have been adequately addressed. The Commission further: Questions regarding this advisory should be addressed to Harvey Theberge at (202) 418-5200.

28. Year 2000 Computer Inc Wayne, NJ, 07470 - YP.COM (973) 6165617 Categories Computer Equipment Dealers In Business Since 2006 http://www.yellowpages.com/wayne-nj/mip/year-2000-computer-inc-26961260

Home Find A Person Mobile Apps Advertise with Us ... Register Welcome, User My Profile My Locations My Reviews ... Sign Out Your picture here! Register via Facebook in a snap! Close YELLOWPAGES.COM Find a Business By Name By Phone Number Find a Person Business Name or Category Enter Location Area Code + Phone Number Close See All Categories for Houston, TX Eat Bakeries Buffet Restaurants Chinese Restaurants Family Style Restaurants ... Top Rated Restaurants Play Bars Bowling Comedy Concerts ... Skating Rinks Live Attorneys Beauty Salons Dentists Florists ... Wayne Yellow Pages Save: Save Listing Email: Email Send to Mobile: Send to Phone Share: Facebook Twitter Delicious Digg ... StumbleUpon Year 2000 Computer Inc Year 2000 Computer Inc Be the first to review 6 Cliff Rd Wayne NJ Plan Your Visit View map and get directions main Business Details Reviews (0) Add or edit this business information Paid Advertisement AdChoices Hours Hours not available. Please contact Year 2000 Computer Inc at (973) 616-5617. Categories In Business Since Wayne Yellow Pages Year 2000 Computer Inc, Wayne, NJ About About YP.com

29. Year 2000 Computer Problem And Health Care Industry This is an archive page. The links are no longer being updated. Testimony on Year 2000 Computer Problem and Health Care Industry by Michael A. Friedman, M.D. http://www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t980723b.html

This is an archive page. The links are no longer being updated. Testimony on Year 2000 Computer Problem and Health Care Industry by Michael A. Friedman, M.D. Acting Commissioner Food and Drug Administration U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Before the Special Committee on the Year 2000 Technology Problem July 23, 1998 INTRODUCTION Good morning, my name is Michael A. Friedman, M.D., Acting Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration (FDA). I am pleased to be here today to provide information on the Year 2000 date issue as it relates to medical devices. This is an important issue and FDA has taken a number of steps to ensure that medical devices are Year 2000 compliant and I will describe those steps to you today. WHAT IS A MEDICAL DEVICE? An instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or other similar or related article, including any component, part or accessory, which is intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals, or intended to affect the structure or any function of the body and which does not achieve its primary intended purposes through chemical action and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of its primary intended purposes. As this definition suggests, many different types of products are properly regulated as medical devices. Medical devices include over 100,000 products in more than 1,700 categories. The products regulated by FDA as medical devices range from simple everyday articles, such as thermometers, tongue depressors, and heating pads, to the more complex devices, such as pacemakers, intrauterine devices, fetal stents, and kidney dialysis machines.

30. Essay: The Year 2000 Computer Bug Discusses the Year 2000 computer problem, whether or not it is a legitimate concern, and how it can possibly be prevented. Argues that the problem is a very real threat and refutes http://www.essays-now.com/show_report.php?r_id=1932

31. Year 2000 Computer Bug Hoax: A Simple Explanation POSTSCRIPT This website was frozen on December 31, 1999, as a permanent document on how all of us acted and reacted to the Y2K myth from 1997 to 1999. http://www.angelfire.com/oh/justanumber/whatitis.html

Year 2000 Computer Bug Hoax: A Simple Explanation POSTSCRIPT This website was frozen on December 31, 1999, as a permanent document on how all of us acted and reacted to the Y2K myth from 1997 to 1999. There will be no updates. Enjoy reading all of the emails , especially the wild ones from 1998. - David Robert Loblaw, 03 January 2000 Millennium Bug is a misnomer Millennium ... The Year 2000 is not the start of the next millennium . Even if it was, this date-field issue has nothing to do with thousand year cycles. If computers existed in 1899, we'd have called it The Year 1900 Problem. ... Bug A bug is an unforeseen blip in software and other development. Microsnot is the world leader in this. The Year 2000 issue is just that an issue, not a bug. What it is Decades ago, well-dressed computer programmers collectively and individually decided not to include the unnecessary "19" century digits before every year date. By doing so, this saved a lot of valuable, expensive, and rare memory space (back then). It was a responsible and logical decision. If they did not do this, our current computer technology would probably be hovering around the early 1980's mark. People today would be drooling over possibly owning a

32. Year 2000 Computer Litigation Hits The Courts | San Antonio Business Journal A small New York computer equipment seller has filed the first classaction lawsuit that involves the reprogramming of computers for Year 2000. http://sanantonio.bizjournals.com/sanantonio/stories/1998/01/05/smallb2.html

33. NIH Guide: NOTICE REGARDING THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM NOTICE REGARDING THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER PROBLEM Release Date April 3, 1998 P.T. National Institutes of Health As part of the National Institutes of Health's (NIH http://www.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-046.html

http://www.nih.gov/grants/oer.htm . Information pertaining to the NIH-wide Year 2000 activities can be found at NIH's Office of Information Resource Management's (OIRM) web site at http://wwwoirm.nih.gov/y2000/. This site includes a link to FIPS PUB 4-1. Information concerning interagency Year 2000 activities, plans, and issues can be found on the General Services Administration's web site at http://www.itpolicy.gsa.gov under the Year 2000 Information Directory. Return to Volume Index Return to NIH Guide Main Index Office of Extramural Research (OER) National Institutes of Health (NIH) 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Note: For help accessing PDF, RTF, MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Audio or Video files, see Help Downloading Files

34. The Year 2000 Computer Crisis -- What To Do NOW? The various independent surveys from SIM and Anderson Consulting Worldwide and Peter deJager keep telling us the same thing that only 20-30% of all US companies have begun to http://www.shk-dplc.com/cfo/articles/crisis.htm

The Year 2000 Computer Crisis What To Do NOW? By Warren S. Reid The various independent surveys from SIM and Anderson Consulting Worldwide and Peter deJager keep telling us the same thing - that only 20-30% of all US companies have begun to inventory their systems and perform any risk assessment steps to address their Year 2000 problem. Worse, less than 10% have actually started fixing their code. While the rest of the world, and your company is catching up, there are things that you can - and must - do right NOW to help your company address the problem and withstand the inevitable onslaught of litigation that is allegedly making some attorneys salivate. The Economist in its cover story in its October 4th-10th, 1997 issue entitled "The Millennium-Bug, Muddle" quotes the estimated cost to the world's companies and governments of fixing the problem (including fixing the errors, lost productivity from those systems that fail, and the cost of liability lawsuits) at - take your choice: Gartner Group $600 billion; Technology Research Reports, a California market-research firm, $2 trillion ; and Boston's Software Productivity Research at $3.6 trillion. It's getting pretty ridiculous and over the top.

35. Year 2000 Computer Bug Demands Attention Today The Harvard Gazette Year 2000 Computer Bug Demands Attention Today. By Alvin Powell. Special to the Gazette http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/1997/11.13/Year2000Compute.html

November 13, 1997 SEARCH THE GAZETTE Year 2000 Computer Bug Demands Attention Today By Alvin Powell Special to the Gazette could is the operative word, Harvard officials said. What's the Problem? Embedded Chips, Embedded Problems Take it Back, Do it Again

36. Report: Year 2000 Computer Problems Could Affect Retirees' Health Care - AP Onli Report Year 2000 computer problems could affect retirees' health care find AP Online articles. div id= bedoc-text ALICE ANN LOVE Associated Press WriterBR AP OnlineBR 09-29 http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-19530928.html

37. Category: Year 2000 Computer Problem | Congressional Votes Database | Washington Browse votes in U.S. Congress since 1991 with the category label Year 2000 computer problem. Brought to you by the Washington Post. http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/bill-categories/year-2000-computer-p

var SA_Message="SACategory=" + thisNode; makeBreadCrumbsUsingCss(thisNode); adHeaderAlreadyShown = false ; Category: Year 2000 computer problem Bills 106th Congress Bill Title H CON RES 300 H J RES 68 Making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2000, and for other purposes. H R 1000 To amend title 49, United States Code, to reauthorize programs of the Federal Aviation Administration, and for other purposes. H R 1180 To amend the Social Security Act to expand the availability of health care coverage for working individuals with disabilities, to establish a Ticket to Work and Self-Sufficiency Program in the Social Security Administration to provide such individuals with meaningful opportunities to work, and for other purposes. H R 1654 To authorize appropriations for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for fiscal years 2000, 2001, and 2002, and for other purposes. H R 1906 Making appropriations for Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2000, and for other purposes. H R 3194 Making consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2000, and for other purposes.

38. CRS Report: 98-781 - Year 2000 Computer Problem: Selected Internet Addresses - N Year 2000 Computer Problem Selected Internet Addresses Rita Tehan Information Research Specialist Congressional Reference Division Updated June 18, 1999 http://www.ncseonline.org/nle/crsreports/science/st-25.cfm

Redistributed as a Service of the National Library for the Environment Year 2000 Computer Problem: Selected Internet Addresses Rita Tehan Information Research Specialist Congressional Reference Division Updated June 18, 1999 Summary The Year 2000 computer problem, also called "Y2K" or the "millennium bug," describes a situation created over the last 30 years in the computer industry. Generally speaking, it means that some computers will not recognize the year 2000 as a valid date. This report is an annotated list of government (local, state, federal, and international), industry, small business, media, and grass-roots Internet sites which address various aspects of the Year 2000 computer problem. This report is intended for use by both congressional offices and constituents and will be updated frequently. For additional analysis of congressional response to the Year 2000 problem, see CRS Issue Brief 97036, The Year 2000 Problem: Congressional Issues . For further CRS products on Y2K, see CL40011

39. The Year 2000 Computer Bug Is Fast Approaching.  Also Known As The Millennium Bu The Year 2000 computer bug is fast approaching. Also known as the Millennium Bug this programmers shortcut is going to cost big money. Find out more about the year 2000 bug and http://www.eaglestock.com/news/year2000bug_fr.htm

Year 2000 Computer Bug - Problems and Solutions (Y2K bug). Look below for a comprehensive list of "Year 2000" companies and organizations ready to provide solutions to your year 2000 bug. There are also many links to sites with Y2K information, bulletins, and compliance warnings. The Year 2000 bug is much bigger than many people realize. Ask your staff if they're aware of the February 29th, 2000 error and how to check for it, even if your computers are "2000 compliant" they may not pass this test . The new millennium is fast approaching, is your company ready? Companies with solutions ready to help you with your Year 2000 problem. Informational Sites: Yahoo Millennium Bomb site - Links to Y2K news, information, and message boards. provides a forum for disseminating information about the year 2000 problem. It includes a large list of companies providing Y2K solutions. The CSSA white paper for dealing with the year 2000 bug and management. The Y2K Investor - An investor's survival guide to the year 2000 computer crisis. Greenwich 2000 Asks "Will YOU be in business on Tuesday 4 January 2000?". A comprehensive site listing but a bit disorganized. Be sure to read their FAQ.

40. IMPLICATIONS OF THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER CRISIS IMPLICATIONS OF THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER CRISIS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. By Stuart A. Umpleby Research Program in Social and Organizational Learning http://www.gwu.edu/~y2k/keypeople/umpleby/implications2000.html

IMPLICATIONS OF THE YEAR 2000 COMPUTER CRISIS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY By Stuart A. Umpleby Research Program in Social and Organizational Learning The George Washington University Washington, DC 20052 Email: umpleby@gwu.edu URL: http://www.gwu.edu/~umpleby September 15, 1999 Prepared for the Annual Meetings of the World Bank Group and the International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC, September 25-28, 1999 ABSTRACT The year 2000 computer crisis threatens to disrupt banking, telecommunications, energy supplies, shipping, and production. The result will likely be a dramatic drop in international trade accompanied by a reduction in the number of businesses. Less competition will lead to rapid growth for companies which are y2k compliant or are the first to become compliant in their industries. There may be an increase in the concentration of wealth among countries as well as companies. The international political environment will probably be altered by changes in governments. Societal disruptions are likely to lead to new regulations requiring regular auditing of information technology and embedded systems. Confidence in the benefits of an “information society” may be shaken. The World Bank in January, 1999, said “most of the world’s developing countries are woefully unprepared for social and economic disruptions that are expected from computer malfunctions at the turn of the millennium.” The U.S. Senate released a report in February, 1999, calling Y2K a “worldwide crisis” and “one of the most serious and potentially devasting events this nation has ever encountered.” Because there is not now time to fix all affected hardware and software, organizations and communities are currently developing contingency plans to deal with disruptions which are expected to be more widespread and more long-lasting than occur as a result of a severe winter storm. Every community and organization from families to the United Nations should consider making preparations. Although the amount of disruptions cannot be known in advance, we can be certain that there will be disruptions and, at least in some locations, they may be serious.

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