21. Historical Background. Longitude. Up No Title Previous Historical background. Historical background. The thought of Aristotle (384322 BC) dominated western science for nearly two millenia. http://www.stats.uwaterloo.ca/~rwoldfor/papers/sci-method/paperrev/node2.html

Next: Longitude. Up: No Title Previous: Historical background. Historical background. The thought of Aristotle (384-322 BC) dominated western science for nearly two millenia. So powerful is his cosmology that it compels him to declare that `` light is due to the presence of something, but it is not a movement'' ([ b a ). No movement, no speed. And if that were not enough, the argument for finite speed is easily dismissed: Empedocles (and with him all others who used the same forms of expression) was wrong in speaking of light as `travelling' or being at a given moment between the earth and its envelope, its movement being unobservable to us; that view is contrary both to the clear evidence of argument and to the observed facts; if the distance traversed were short, the movement might have been unobservable, but where the distance is from extreme East to extreme West, the strain upon our powers of belief is too great. Aristotle (384-322 BC) On the Soul: Book II b This view was echoed by many thinkers in western history: Augustine (ca 354-430), John Pecham (ca 1230-1292), Albert the Great (ca 1200-1280), Thomas Aquinas (ca 1225-1274), and Witelo (ca 1230-ca 1275) to name a few. So too, the opposite view was argued by some, notably Ibn Al-Haytham (ca 965-1040) and Roger Bacon (ca 1219-1292). But without empirical demonstration to the contrary, the case for instantaneous perception of the source could always be made. In the absence of data, arguments pro and con were forced to be based on the contemporary theory of light, or on interpretation of the conflicting views of ancient authorities, or on established religious doctrines, or on mathematical arguments that demonstrated the necessity or absurdity of one of the alternatives [

22. Aristotle (384-322 BC) Aristotle (384322 BC) Aristotle was the student of Plato, but unlike his teacher he focussed on his surroundings. Plato focused his attentions on perfect forms, Aristotle http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~jeff/115a/history/aristotle.html

Aristotle (384-322 BC) Aristotle was the student of Plato, but unlike his teacher he focussed on his surroundings. Plato focused his attentions on perfect forms, Aristotle focused his attentions on the physical world he could see. Aristotle was enamored with the sun, the moon and the stars. Although the earth had physical imperfections, the heavenly bodies were the essence of the divine - perfect in their circular shape and movement. Thus for Aristotle the perfect/imperfect dualism in life occurred not between things seen and unseen (as it had for Plato), but between the imperfect things seen on earth and the perfect things seen in the heavens. He was the first earth observer. More Info http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/aristotle.html

23. The Internet Classics Archive | The History Of Animals By Aristotle The History of Animals by Aristotle, part of the Internet Classics Archive http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help The History of Animals By Aristotle Written 350 B.C.E Translated by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson The History of Animals has been divided into the following sections: Book I Book II Book III Book IV ... Book IX Download: A 698k text-only version is available for download

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25. Aristotle A brief discussion of the life and works of Aristotle, with links to electronic texts and additional information. http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/aris.htm

Philosophy Pages Search Dictionary Study Guide ... Locke Aristotle 384-322 BCE Life and Works Logic Demonstration ... Internet Sources Born at Stagira in northern Greece, Aristotle was the most notable product of the educational program devised by Plato ; he spent twenty years of his life studying at the Academy. When Plato died, Aristotle returned to his native Macedonia, where he is supposed to have participated in the education of Philip's son, Alexander (the Great). He came back to Athens with Alexander's approval in 335 and established his own school at the Lyceum, spending most of the rest of his life engaged there in research, teaching, and writing. His students acquired the name "peripatetics" from the master's habit of strolling about as he taught. Although the surviving works of Aristotle probably represent only a fragment of the whole, they include his investigations of an amazing range of subjects, from logic philosophy , and ethics to physics, biology, psychology, politics , and rhetoric. Aristotle appears to have thought through his views as he wrote, returning to significant issues at different stages of his own development. The result is less a consistent system of thought than a complex record of Aristotle's thinking about many significant issues. The aim of Aristotle's logical treatises (known collectively as the Organon ) was to develop a universal method of reasoning by means of which it would be possible to learn everything there is to know about reality. Thus, the

26. Re: Aristotle (384-322 BC) A Big Lister To Trevor Quested Subject Re Aristotle (384322 BC) A big lister From Brian Fleming Date Sun, 15 Nov 1998 212910 +1100 http://bioacoustics.cse.unsw.edu.au/birding-aus/1998-11/msg00189.html

birding-aus Top All Lists Date Advanced ... Thread Re: Aristotle (384-322 BC) A big lister from [ Brian Fleming Permanent Link Original To m("triode.net.au","quested"); Subject Re: Aristotle (384-322 BC) A big lister From m("labyrinth.net.au","flambeau"); Date Sun, 15 Nov 1998 21:29:10 +1100 I have started reading a North American book called "Watching Birds. An introduction to Ornithology" by Roger F. Pasquier. In chapter two, "How and Why Birds are Studied", I quote: "To our knowledge, Aristotle (384-322 BC) was the first person to look at birds scientifically, describing what he considered to be 170 varieties and discussing their physiology, reproduction, and ecology. Aristotle was the first to make systematic classification of birds based on observation and dissection, he divided birds into eight groups." I thought I should check my 1986 Greek list and found I had seen only 135 species in 10 days using Zeiss binoculars, a field guide and an Ornitholidays booklet on where to see birds in Greece by Michael Sheppard. I wonder how far he travelled, where and what the list of

27. Aristotle 384-322 BC Aristotle 384322 BC. 400 attributed works, 25-50 surviving (extant) Extant works divided into 5 groups and usually given Latin names 1) Logic (Organon) reasoning and definition http://crab.rutgers.edu/~burke/modchem/aristotle.html

Aristotle 384-322 BC 400 attributed works, 25-50 surviving (extant) Extant works divided into 5 groups and usually given Latin names: 1) Logic (Organon) reasoning and definition Categories De interetatione Prior Analytics Posterior Analytics Topics 2) Physics and Metaphysics (form and matter of reality, space, motion, and general existence) also included are 3 other works De Caelo (earth-celestial bodies interacting) De Generatione et corruptione (conditions of existence) Meteorologica (weather) 3) Historia Animalium (classification and characteristics), De Anima (soul), De Partibus Animalium (distinguishing parts of animals), Parva Naturalia (biopsychology of animals), De generatione animalium, De incessu animalium 4) Ethics and Politics 5) Rhetoric and Poetics Aristotle divides sciences into 3 classes 1) Theoretical or speculative theological, physical, metaphysical, biopsychology 2) Practical Philosophy Ethics, Political Science 3) Productive Philosophy rhetoric, aesthetics, literary criticism Differences between Plato and Aristotle Plato: reconcile physical and moral phenomena with transcendental or idealized forms of nontemporal, nonspatial being.

28. Aristotle: Free Web Books, Online Biographical note. Aristotle (Greek Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristot lēs) (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/

The University of Adelaide Library eBooks Help ... Contact us Aristotle Biographical note Aristotle (Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology. Together with Plato Though Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises and dialogues (Cicero described his literary style as "a river of gold"), it is thought that the majority of his writings are now lost and only about one-third of the original works have survived Works Organon (collected works on logic): Categories (or Categoriae) translated by E. M. Edghill On Interpretation (or De Interpretatione) translated by E. M. Edghill Prior Analytics (or Analytica Priora) translated by A. J. Jenkinson Posterior Analytics (or Analytica Posteriora) translated by G. R. G. Mure Topics (or Topica) translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge On Sophistical Refutations (or De Sophisticis Elenchis) translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge

29. Aristotle From The Social Science Encyclopedia, Second Edition | BookRags.com Aristotle (384–322 BC) Aristotle was born in Stagira, a small Greek town on the coast of the http://www.bookrags.com/tandf/aristotle-6-tf/

30. Aristoteles, Aristotle (384-322 BC) Biography of Aristotle Aristotle is perhaps the most significant philosopher and scientist of the West, but certainly the one with the most farreaching http://www.merke.ch/biografien/biologen_en/aristoteles.php

Biographical Outlines Aristotle (384-322 BC) Home Life Scientists Leonardo da Vinci Charles Darwin ... Alexander the Great Aristotle is perhaps the most significant philosopher and scientist of the West, but certainly the one with the most far-reaching aftereffects. Such was his universal work of one of the most important foundations of medieval scholasticism of Thomas Aquinas. Aristotle was born in Stageira on the Halkidiki peninsula in northern Greece in 384 BC. He came from a family of doctors, his father was physician to King Amyntas of Macedon. Aristotle, too, should be a doctor and then went to Athens at age 17. There he became a member of the Platonic Academy to twenty years, students and teachers to be followed. About his relationship with Plato contradictory reports. It seems that they were in some ways quite different view that Plato, some of the more than 40 years older, not Aristotle, as his successor. Plato died in 347th That same year, Aristotle went to Assos in northwestern Asia Minor. A former classmate, Hermes, was there now and become a dictator had called him. He founded a Platonic Academy, and married the niece of Hermes, Pythias. Even two years later, however, the ruler was overthrown. Aristotle then went to Mytilene on Lesbos. Maybe he urged his pupil and friend of Theophrastus it - at least he has with him there, gathered material for his biological studies.

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Last.fm Music Radio Events ... Join English Help Come work with us! Last.fm is hiring » Deutsch Español Français Italiano Polski Português Руccкий Svenska Türkçe Artist Biography Pictures Videos ... Groups Aristotle (384-322 BC) 1 play (1 listener) In your library (0 plays) shouts Add to my Library Share We don’t have a description for this artist yet, care to help Shoutbox Leave a comment. Log in to Last.fm or sign up (it’s free). See all shouts Do you make music? Upload it! Artists or Labels Learn About Us Contact About Us Team Jobs ... Advertise Get Help FAQ Website Support Scrobbler Support iPhone Support ... System Status Join In Sign up Find People Find Groups Forums ... Moderators Do More Download Last.fm Scrobbler Download iPod Scrobbler iPhone App More Apps ... API “Where's The Last.fm?” More Last.fm Sites: Blog Music Manager Build Playground (Subscriber VIP zone) ... Best of 2009 document.write("Visit other SitesSelect SiteBNETCBS CaresCBS FilmsCBS RadioCBS.comCBSInteractiveCBSNews.comCBSSports.comCHOWCNETCollege NetworkFind ArticlesGameSpotHelp.comLast.fmMaxPrepsMetacritic.comMoneywatchMovieTomeMP3.commySimonNCAARadio.comSearch.comShopper.comShowtimeSmartPlanetTechRepublicThe InsiderTV.comUrbanBaby.comZDNet"); BNET CBS Cares CBS Films CBS Radio ... CBS.com

33. Aristotle's - Hutchinson Encyclopedia Article About Aristotle's Aristotle (384–322 BC) Greek philosopher who advocated reason and moderation. He maintained that http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Aristotle's

34. BBC/OU Open2.net - Philosophy & Ethics - Aristotle Minibiography of Aristotle, part of the OU/BBC's programme website for the Reith Lectures 2002 Philosophy of Trust http://www.open2.net/historyandthearts/philosophy_ethics/trust_aristotle.html

35. Free Investment Advice! Paying For Advice? Free Investment Advice! Paying for Advice? All men by nature desire knowledge! Aristotle (384 322 BC) As an investor, you must always be aware of the urgent and constant http://www.greekshares.com/free.php

Home Daily Market Brief The Stock Market Guide Investing Articles Submit Your Article Daily Market Brief Special Reports ... Investing Jokes Learn how to Invest Investing Education The Prologue The Preliminary The Elementary ... The 10 Commandments Investing Terms A to Y A to C D to H I to O ... Forex Terms Investing e-Books Free Investing e-Book The Stock Market Guide Download the Guide Learn from the Experts Investing Calculators What Are You Worth? Investment Goal Savings Goal Future Investment Value ... Latest World News Stock Brokerage Account Open an Account Account FAQs Trading Issues Information Services ... Market Analysis Investing in Art Art Collection Investing in Art The Art of Investing in Art Careers Work with Us Stockbroker Requirements The Securities Industry Contact Information Get in Touch with Us Customer Support Add Your URL Advertising ... The Newsletter Free Investment Advice! Paying for Advice? "All men by nature desire knowledge!" Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) As an investor, you must always be aware of the urgent and constant need to rethink your portfolio strategy and to always be able to cope with today's tough new climate!

36. Quotes By Aristotle. An Aristotle Quote Library | The Gaiam Blog Aristotle (384 322 BC) Source The Beginning of All Wisdom By Steven Stavropoulos P. 103. Contributed by McCleskey http://blog.gaiam.com/quotes/authors/aristotle

Become a fan Follow us Subscribe Videos Newsletter Aristotle 384 - 322 BC A Quote by Aristotle on restraint and power in power restraint What lies in our power to do, it lies in our power not to do. Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) Contributed by: Siona Permalink A Quote by Aristotle on happiness, uplifting, virtue, and value in Happiness uplifting value virtue Happiness does not consist in pastimes and amusements but in virtuous activities Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) Contributed by: Siona Permalink A Quote by Aristotle on suffering, beauty, calamity, greatness, and pain in beauty calamity greatness pain ... suffering Suffering becomes beautiful when anyone bears great calamities with cheerfulness, not through insensibility but through greatness of mind. Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) Contributed by: Siona Permalink A Quote by Aristotle on humans, causes, chance, natures, compulsion, habit, reason, passion, and desire in causes chance compulsion desire ... reason All human actions have one or more of these seven causes: chance, nature, compulsion, habit, reason, passion, and desire. Aristotle (384 - 322 BC) Contributed by: Katin Permalink A Quote by Aristotle on nature and marvelous in marvelous nature In all things of Nature, there is something of the marvelous.

37. Aristotle Aristotle (384322 BC) The Master of Those Who Know Philosophy Aristotle favored observation and analysis of the physical world over the abstract way of thinking spread by http://library.thinkquest.org/3075/aristotl.htm

Aristotle (384-322 BC) The Master of Those Who Know Philosophy Aristotle favored observation and analysis of the physical world over the abstract way of thinking spread by Plato, his teacher. He studied and categorized the natural world, and is considered by most to be the first scientist. He was also the first to formally study logic. Biography Aristotle was born in Stagira, a small town in northern Greece. He was the son of Nicomachus, the physician of the king of Macedonia. At 18, he entered Plato's school in Athens, known as the Academy. Aristotle also was supervisor of the education of Alexander the Great. He returned to Athens in 334 B.C. to organize his school named the Lyceum. Aristotle died in Chalcis in 322 B.C. Works Aristotle wrote three types of works: popular writings, memoranda, and treatises. The popular writings mostly include dialogs modeled on those of Plato, but these are now lost. The memoranda were mostly research materials and historical records. The treatises are the main survivors of Aristotle's works. Aristotle Online Metaphysics Categories History of Animals Meteorology ... On Youth And Old Age, On Life And Death

38. Aristotle -- Politics And Ethics -- Reading Revolutions Rare Latin edition of Aristotle Aristotle (384322 BC) Student of Plato for twenty years Tutored Alexander the Great at the Macedonian court (342-339 BC) http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Reading_Revolutions/Aristotle.html

Aristotle (384-322 BC) Student of Plato for twenty years Tutored Alexander the Great at the Macedonian court (342-339 BC) Opened a school in the Athenian Lyceum (335 BC) - 1496 1st edition of Latin printing Ethics - 1496 1st edition of Latin printing The first modern Latin editions of Ethics and Politics and Economics are shown below. The first selections are details of the treatment of leading capitals, the last row contains the first pages of the selections without covers. Detail of leading capital shown above Further Resources: General introduction to Aristotle from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy General introduction to Aristotle from The School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St. Andrews Wikipedia article on Aristotle List of works by Aristotle with links to full text from M.I.T. Aristotelian Metaphysics by S. Marc Cohen at the University of Washington Aristotle's Rhetoric with searchable text, prepared by Lee Honeycutt Quotations attributed to Aristotle from Quotation Reference (c) Marilyn Shea, 2005, 2006

39. Great Books Index - Aristotle Aristotle (384322 BC) An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation. AUTHORS/HOME. TITLES. ABOUT GB INDEX. BOOK LINKS http://books.mirror.org/gb.aristotle.html

GREAT BOOKS INDEX Aristotle (384322 BC) An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation AUTHORS/HOME TITLES ABOUT GB INDEX BOOK LINKS Writings of Aristotle Categories Interpretation Prior Analytics Posterior Analytics ... Articles Categories (about 350 BC) HTML edition in small sections (Classics Archive) Translated by E.M. Edghill. [Back to Top of Page] On Interpretation HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] Prior Analytics HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) HTML edition in small sections (Perseus, Tufts) Translated by A.J. Jenkinson. Greek text also available. [Back to Top of Page] Posterior Analytics HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] Topics HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] On Sophistical Refutations HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] Physics HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] On the Heavens HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] On Generation and Corruption HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] Meteorology HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) [Back to Top of Page] Metaphysics HTML edition in one document (Classics Archive) HTML edition in small sections (Perseus, Tufts)

40. Weber Stirrups Aristotle 384322 BC. The highest quality of stirrups you will find! Dear Friends, By clicking on the picture to the right, it will bring up a sample of the numerous stirrups I can http://weberstirrups.com/

Home Page The Owner Stirrups Mission Statement The Mission of Trina Weber is to surpass the expectations of my clients by ensuring the highest standards of quality and craftsmanship, while respecting the client's vision, preferences and budget. Contact Information: 1507 S. McDermott Nampa, Idaho 83687 Home - (208) 466-2870 E-mail Me! trinaweber@msn.com Weber Stirrups "We are what we do. Excellence then is not an act, but a habit." Aristotle 384-322 BC The highest quality of stirrups you will find! Dear Friends, By clicking on the picture to the right, it will bring up a sample of the numerous stirrups I can make. At the far left of the screen, below my mission statement is my contact information. Please send me a letter, email or call letting me know what you have in mind and I will be glad to quote you a price. Delivery time may be from 2 to 12 weeks

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