1. Human Genome Project - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The Human Genome Project (HGP) is an international scientific research project with a primary goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA and to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Genome_Project

Human Genome Project From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search "HGP" redirects here. For the UK Architect firm, see HGP Architects DNA Replication The Human Genome Project (HGP) is an international scientific research project with a primary goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA and to identify and map the approximately 20,000–25,000 genes of the human genome from both a physical and functional standpoint. The project began in 1990 and was initially headed by James D. Watson at the U.S. National Institutes of Health . A working draft of the genome was released in 2000 and a complete one in 2003, with further, more detailed analysis still being published. A parallel project was conducted outside of government by the Celera Corporation . Most of the government-sponsored sequencing was performed in universities and research centers from the United States , the United Kingdom Japan France Germany ... Canada , and New Zealand . The mapping of human genes is an important step in the development of medicines and other aspects of health care. While the objective of the Human Genome Project is to understand the genetic makeup of the human species, the project has also focused on several other nonhuman organisms such as

2. Dictionary - MSN Encarta Enter a search term above to find Dictionary definitions or click the Thesaurus tab to find synonyms and antonyms. http://www.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761580681/Human_Genome_Project.html

3. Human Genome Project - Heroes Wiki The Human Genome Project is an international effort to determine the sequence of nucleotides in human DNA and identify all of the genes encoded therein. http://heroeswiki.com/Human_Genome_Project

The Season Four DVD is now available for purchase. Look for the featurette Heroes Revolution , which highlights Heroes Wiki! Human Genome Project From Heroes Wiki Jump to: navigation search Human Genome Project The logo of the Human Genome Project "Human Genome Project" on Wikipedia The Human Genome Project is an international effort to determine the sequence of nucleotides in human DNA and identify all of the genes encoded therein. Contents About References Genesis Homecoming ... External Links About The Human Genome Project was started in 1990 as a joint effort between the United States (the Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health) and researchers in China, France, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom, at an estimated cost of (US) $3 billion. A "rough draft" of the human genome was made public in the year 2000, followed by a announcement of a nearly complete sequencing of all human genes in 2003. In May 2006, researchers announced that they had fully sequenced all genes in Chromosome 1 (the largest human chromosome). Current technology limits the ability to decode many parts of the human genome, including the centromeres (repetative centers of the chromosomes), the telomeres (tips of the chromosomes, believed to be controls of cell aging), and some dense areas that appear to produce immunity defenses to disease. It is estimated that 92% of the human genome has been sequenced to date.

4. Genomics.energy.gov--genome Programs Of The U.S. Department Of Energy Site of the U.S. Human Genome Project, Genomic Science Program, and Microbial Genome Programall sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy Genome Programs. http://genomics.energy.gov/

The Genomic Science Program (formerly Genomes to Life) uses microbial and plant genomic data, high-throughput analytical technologies, and modeling and simulation to develop a predictive understanding of biological systems behavior relevant to solving energy and environmental challenges including bioenergy production, environmental remediation, and climate stabilization. Human Genome Project Information This is the archive site of the U.S. Department of Energy's Human Genome Project. Completed in 2003, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was a 13-year project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health to sequence the 3 billion basepairs that make up human DNA. Microbial Genome Program Archive This is the archive site of the U.S. Department of Energy's Microbial Genome Program. The MGP was begun in 1994 as a spinoff from the Human Genome Program. The program sequenced the genomes of a number of nonpathogenic microbes useful in solving DOE's mission challenges in environmental-waste cleanup, energy production, carbon cycling, and biotechnology. Genomics Image Gallery Visit this site for free genomics images.

5. Human Genome Project Information The main homepage for Human Genome Project information what the project is; its progress, history, and goals; what issues are associated with genome research; frequently http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/home.shtml

Human Genome Project Information Genomic Science Program DOE Microbial Genomics home ... Research Archive C ompleted in 2003, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was a 13-year project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health. During the early years of the HGP, the Wellcome Trust (U.K.) became a major partner; additional contributions came from Japan, France, Germany, China, and others. See our history page for more information. Project goals were to identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA, determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA, store this information in databases, improve tools for data analysis, transfer related technologies to the private sector, and address the ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) that may arise from the project.

6. Human Genome Project - Genetics Home Reference The past, present, and future of genomic research. Division of Extramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute; DOE Joint Genome Institute http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/Resources/genome

About Site Map Contact Us Search A service of the Home Conditions Genes Chromosomes ... Resources Human Genome Project Related resources Genetics news Genetic researchers Related information in the Handbook The Human Genome Project Genomic Research Resources Human Genome Project The past, present, and future of genomic research. Division of Extramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute DOE Joint Genome Institute ... (yourgenome.org) Published: October 24, 2010 Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications U.S. National Library of Medicine ... Accessibility Indicates a page outside Genetics Home Reference. Links to web sites outside the Federal Government do not constitute an endorsement. See Selection Criteria for Web Links This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here

7. Videos On Genetics And The Human Genome Project Information on the Human Genome Project. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/education/videos.shtml

Human Genome Project Information Genomic Science Program DOE Microbial Genomics home ... Presentations Suppliers of Videos on Genetics and the Human Genome Project Basic Information FAQs Glossary Acronyms Links ... Media Guide About the Project What is it? Goals Landmark Papers Sequence Databases ... FAQs the New Genetics Home Gene Testing Gene Therapy Pharmacogenomics ... Genetic Counseling Ethical, Legal, Social Issues Home Privacy Legislation Gene Testing Gene Therapy ... Human Migration Education Teachers Students Careers Webcasts ... Genética Websites en Español Research Home Sequence Databases Landmark Papers Insights Publications Chromosome Poster Primer Molecular Genetics List of All Publications Search This Site Contact Us Privacy Statement Site Stats and Credits Site Map Note: The Human Genome Project Information Web site is no longer maintaining a list of individual genetics videos. Instead we have compiled the following list of suppliers of videos related to genetics, the Human Genome Project (HGP), the Microbial Genome Program (MGP), and issues surrounding the availability of genetic information. The list is not comprehensive, and we do not endorse any particular vendor. For additional information, including titles and prices, please contact the responsible organization included in each listing. Some distributors may not ship outside of North America. An archive of the last list of individual genetics videos is available. For online audio/video Webcasts, see our

8. New Goals For The U.S. Human Genome Project: 1998-2003 -- Collins Et Al. 282 (53 Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions or possibly that you are using a browser http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/282/5389/682

9. History Of The Human Genome Project Details about the U.S. Human Genome Project including its goals, history and progress with links to key documents, publications, a timeline, and Project contacts. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/hgp.shtml

Human Genome Project Information Genomic Science Program DOE Microbial Genomics home ... FAQs History of the Human Genome Project Basic Information FAQs Glossary Acronyms Links ... Media Guide About the Project What is it? Goals Landmark Papers Sequence Databases ... FAQs the New Genetics Home Gene Testing Gene Therapy Pharmacogenomics ... Genetic Counseling Ethical, Legal, Social Issues Home Privacy Legislation Gene Testing Gene Therapy ... Human Migration Education Teachers Students Careers Webcasts ... Genética Websites en Español Research Home Sequence Databases Landmark Papers Insights Publications Chromosome Poster Primer Molecular Genetics List of All Publications Search This Site Contact Us Privacy Statement Site Stats and Credits Site Map The Human Genome Project (HGP) refers to the international 13-year effort, formally begun in October 1990 and completed in 2003, to discover all the estimated 20,000-25,000 human genes and make them accessible for further biological study. Another project goal was to determine the complete sequence of the 3 billion DNA subunits (bases in the human genome). As part of the HGP, parallel studies were carried out on selected model organisms such as the bacterium E. coli

10. Genome.gov | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) - Homepage Leads the Human Genome Project for the National Institutes of Health, conducts cutting edge research in its laboratories and supports genomic science worldwide. http://genome.gov/

11. Origins Of The Human Genome Project Origins of the Human Genome Project Robert Mullan CookDeegan* Introduction. The earliest and most obvious applications of genome research are tests for genetic disorders, but http://law.unh.edu/risk/vol5/spring/cookdeeg.htm

Origins of the Human Genome Project Robert Mullan Cook-Deegan* Introduction The earliest and most obvious applications of genome research are tests for genetic disorders, but less obvious diagnostic uses may prove at least as important, such as forensic uses to establish identity (to determine paternity, to link suspects of physical evidence of rape or murder, or as a molecular "dog-tag" in the military). Genome research also promises to find genes expeditiously, making the genetic approach attractive as a first step in the study not only of complex diseases, but also of normal biological function. Each new gene is a potential target for drug development to fix it when broken, to shut it down, to attenuate or amplify its expression, or to change its product, usually a protein. Finding a gene gives investigators a molecular handle on problems that have proven intractable. Faith that the systematic analysis of DNA structure will prove to be a powerful research tool underlies the rationale behind the genome project. Faith that that scientific power will translate to products, jobs and wealth underlies the recent substantial investments in private genome research startup companies and the diversification of pharmaceutical and agricultural research firms into genome research. The human genome project was borne of technology, grew into a science bureaucracy in the U.S. and throughout the world and is now being transformed into a hybrid academic and commercial enterprise. The next phase of the project promises to veer more sharply toward commercial application, exploiting the rapidly growing body of knowledge about DNA structure to the pursuit of practical benefits.

12. Human Genome Project Science Provides information on the Human Genome Project. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/info.shtml

Human Genome Project Information Genomic Science Program DOE Microbial Genomics home ... FAQs The Science Behind the Human Genome Project Basic Genetics, Genome Draft Sequence, and Post-Genome Science Basic Information FAQs Glossary Acronyms Links ... Media Guide About the Project What is it? Goals Landmark Papers Sequence Databases ... FAQs the New Genetics Home Gene Testing Gene Therapy Pharmacogenomics ... Genetic Counseling Ethical, Legal, Social Issues Home Privacy Legislation Gene Testing Gene Therapy ... Human Migration Education Teachers Students Careers Webcasts ... Genética Websites en Español Research Home Sequence Databases Landmark Papers Insights Publications Chromosome Poster Primer Molecular Genetics List of All Publications Search This Site Contact Us Privacy Statement Site Stats and Credits Site Map Quick Links for this page are as follows: From the Genome to the Proteome: Basic Science How is genome sequencing done Insights from the Draft Sequence The Next Step: Post-HGP Research From the Genome to the Proteome Cells are the fundamental working units of every living system. All the instructions needed to direct their activities are contained within the chemical DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

13. Genome.gov | All About The Human Genome Project (HGP) Introduction to the Human Genome Project, published by the National Human Genome Research Institute. This brief overview is aimed at students, teachers and other nonscientists. http://www.genome.gov/10001772

14. June 9, 2000, Hour One: Human Genome Project / Genetics Update Science Friday Archives 2000 June June 9, 2000 Hour One Human Genome Project / Genetics Update. As rumors swirled around the genetics community that the Celera http://www.sciencefriday.com/pages/2000/Jun/hour1_060900.html

THIS WEEK ON  SCIENCE FRIDAY... Science Friday Archives June Hour One: Human Genome Project / Genetics Update As rumors swirled around the genetics community that the Celera corporation was within days of releasing the full results of their human genome sequencing work, Craig Venter, head of Celera, and Francis Collins, head of the National Institutes of Health genome project, said that their two projects really were not racing to the finish at all. At an NIH conference on genetics and cancer this week, the two scientists said that their roles "complemented" each other. Furthermore, the Celera leader said that all the company's genome data would be made freely available, not sold privately to pharmaceutical and biotech companies. This unusually friendly meeting between the two scientists comes during a busy time for genetics research. Earlier his month, Celera announced that it had sequenced 1/3 of the mouse genome. In March, the company published the data for the gene sequence of the fruit fly, a favorite of biologists. In other news, the actual number of genes in the human genome is in debate. Estimates range from about 30,000 to over 100,000but noone really knows. Dueling papers in the journal Nature Genetics, and a debate at a recent conference at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, have increased the speculation. (There's even a sweepstakes running in which scientists bet on the number of genes that code for proteins, winner take all.)

15. The Human Genome Project The Human Genome Project by Simon Foote by Dr Simon Foote (Click here for an overview of this article) WHAT IS THE HUMAN GENOME AND WHY DO WE NEED TO SEQUENCE IT? http://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/genome/story.htm

by Dr Simon Foote (Click here for an overview of this article) WHAT IS THE HUMAN GENOME AND WHY DO WE NEED TO SEQUENCE IT? The Human Genome project is one of the most ambitious and challenging quests ever undertaken by science. Its goal is to completely map and sequence all of the genetic material that makes us human. When it is done, we will have a new and profoundly powerful tool to help us to unravel the mysteries of how the human body grows and functions. The cells in our bodies each contain a master program which controls how and when they develop and how they should function. This information is organised in units called genes, which are arrayed, one after the other along long polymers called chromosomes. We have 46 chromosomes, arranged in pairs kept in the nucleus of most cells. The chromosomes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. Chemically, DNA is one of the simplest molecules in the cell. It is comprised of just four building blocks, or residues, strung together in enormously long strings. The residues combine to make our genes, and our genes string together to make our chromosomes. The sequence of the building blocks is not random. It is inherited from our parents who in turn inherited from their parents. The sequence has been moulded over many aeons of environmental influences and directs our responses to the environmental stimuli we face today. To some extent our genome dictates our future. It may hold versions of genes that predispose us to certain illnesses, or conversely to good health and perhaps longevity. Even the basis of our personality may owe some debt to our genome.

16. Jewish Law - Commentary/Opinion Commentary from the Jewish Law (journal) site that deals with questions that Judaism raises in connection with the human genome project http://www.jlaw.com/Commentary/genome.html

Judaism and the Human Genome Project by Richard Greenberg "Today," President Clinton declared at a recent White House ceremony, "we are learning the language in which God created life." No, he didn't mean Hebrew, although that would have been a nice touch. Clinton was referring to the human genome, the multi-billion-letter "operating manual" for homo sapiens that scientists have finally deciphered surely the most eagerly awaited literary release this side of Harry Potter. This cracking of the genetic code promises to revolutionize medicine, but it also raises a host of moral and ethical questions that Judaism speaks to. The genome, for example, will no doubt help us better understand human behavior-and misbehavior-by identifying its genetic components. Consider where that might take us. Fast-forward to the year 2015: Is it farfetched to imagine, say, enterprising defense attorneys concocting "genetic defenses" for their clients? Judaism wouldn't buy it. Our tradition maintains that biology is not destiny, and therefore holds people accountable for their actions-whether or not they have whatever syndrome is momentarily fashionable. There are legitimate mitigating factors, of course, such as mental incompetence, but Judaism otherwise consistently affirms the ability of people to exercise their free will and make moral choices. In fact, in general the Talmud says a person is always liable for his actions, whether awake or asleep. Unfortunately, Judaism's position runs counter to a growing societal tendency to diminish personal accountability, often using medical or psychological "explanations" to excuse evil deeds. Does the term "Twinkie defense" ring a bell? That argument was used in a celebrated 1978 case by an attorney who maintained that his client was driven to commit murder by his addiction to junk food.

17. About The Human Genome Project Learn the basics about the Human Genome Project what it is; its progress, history, and goals; what issues are associated with genome research; frequently asked questions, the http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/about.shtml

Human Genome Project Information Genomic Science Program DOE Microbial Genomics home ... FAQs About the Human Genome Project Basic Information FAQs Glossary Acronyms Links ... Media Guide About the Project What is it? Goals Landmark Papers Sequence Databases ... FAQs the New Genetics Home Gene Testing Gene Therapy Pharmacogenomics ... Genetic Counseling Ethical, Legal, Social Issues Home Privacy Legislation Gene Testing Gene Therapy ... Human Migration Education Teachers Students Careers Webcasts ... Genética Websites en Español Research Home Sequence Databases Landmark Papers Insights Publications Chromosome Poster Primer Molecular Genetics List of All Publications Search This Site Contact Us Privacy Statement Site Stats and Credits Site Map What is the Human Genome Project? Begun formally in 1990, the U.S. Human Genome Project was a 13-year effort coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health. The project originally was planned to last 15 years, but rapid technological advances accelerated the completion date to 2003. Project goals were to identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA

18. Human Genome Project — Infoplease.com Encyclopedia Human Genome Project. Human Genome Project, international scientific effort to map all of the genes on the 23 pairs of human chromosomes and, to sequence the 3.1 billion DNA http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0824498.html

19. Genome.gov | Understanding The Human Genome Project Looks at the history of genes, and how they can help medicine in the future. http://www.genome.gov/25019879

20. Human Genome Project: Definition From Answers.com U.S. research effort initiated in 1990 by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health to analyze the DNA of human beings. The project, intended to be http://www.answers.com/topic/human-genome-project

var isReferenceAnswers = true; BodyLoad('s'); On this page Library Animal Life Health History, Politics, Society ... Technology Human Genome Project Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Human Genome Project Home Library Miscellaneous Britannica Concise Encyclopedia U.S. research effort initiated in 1990 by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health to analyze the DNA of human beings. The project, intended to be completed in 15 years, proposed to identify the chromosomal location of every human gene , to determine each gene's precise chemical structure in order to show its function in health and disease, and to determine the precise sequence of nucleotides of the entire set of genes (the genome). Another project was to address the ethical, legal, and social implications of the information obtained. The information gathered will be the basic reference for research in human biology and will provide fundamental insights into the genetic basis of human disease. The new technologies developed in the course of the project will be applicable in numerous biomedical fields. In 2000 the government and the private corporation Celera Genomics jointly announced that the project had been virtually completed, five years ahead of schedule. For more information on Human Genome Project , visit Britannica.com

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