21. UNIX Community - Toolbox For IT Join this community of unix peers to share knowledge and stay upto-date by signing up for newsletters, alerts, and groups. http://unix.ittoolbox.com/?reftrk=no&cid=44749139

22. Unix | Free Unix | Learn Unix | Unix Tutorial | Unix Books | Unix Interview Ques Visit for Free unix learn unix for free at Academic Tutorials. Also contains unix Quiz and unix eBook Downloads. Well categorised lessons on unix. Provides Information on http://www.academictutorials.com/unix/

23. Nick Moffitt's $7 History Of Unix History paper detailing the people and places involved in developing unix. http://crackmonkey.org/unix.html

Home FAQ Warez Fans ... Hubris It just, like, showed up in my mailbox, and it had CrackMonkey all over it. And that stuff's tough to scrape off, let me tell you. Rick Moen The other night I arrived early at the San Francisco Brewing Company in anticipation of the San Francisco Linuxstammtisch. Passing the time by drinking IPAs and chatting with the bartender, I ran across two greybeards from Oregon who were in the city for MacWorld and had just wandered into the pub for a brew. They asked me what I did for a living, and I told them that I work for a Linux company. This piqued their interest, and they asked me what Linux was and where it came from. I pondered the question for a moment, wondering how far I should go back. Should I tell them about the Finnish graduate student named Linus, the MIT hacker named Richard, or should I tell them about Marshall Kirk McKusick and his contemporaries? Realizing that I was probably about an hour early for the event and that I could probably swing a few free ales out of the story, I decided to go all the way backto 1969. Nick Moffitt's $7 History of Unix What follows is a rather embellished version of Unix history, and the reader might do well to read the following documents:

24. The Creation Of The UNIX* Operating System Lengthy encyclopediaquality article from Bell Labs, covering the early days to the present versions. http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/

The Creation of the UNIX Operating System After three decades of use, the UNIX* computer operating system from Bell Labs is still regarded as one of the most powerful, versatile, and flexible operating systems (OS) in the computer world. Its popularity is due to many factors, including its ability to run a wide variety of machines, from micros to supercomputers, and its portability all of which led to its adoption by many manufacturers. Like another legendary creature whose name also ends in 'x,' UNIX rose from the ashes of a multi-organizational effort in the early 1960s to develop a dependable timesharing operating system. The joint effort was not successful, but a few survivors from Bell Labs tried again, and what followed was a system that offers its users a work environment that has been described as "of unusual simplicity, power, and elegance...." The system also fostered a distinctive approach to software design solving a problem by interconnecting simpler tools, rather than creating large monolithic application programs. Its development and evolution led to a new philosophy of computing, and it has been a never-ending source of both challenges and joy to programmers around the world.

25. Www.bsd.org Apr 12, 2006 We re compiling a list of good books about unix, BSD, and good programming style . Is this now your permanent unix answer emporium? http://www.bsd.org/

Welcome to www.bsd.org! What is this page all about? This page is intended to provide a variety of resources for users of the various commercial and freely-available bsd operating systems. It is in the midst of being revamped, and will probably be in such a state for quite a while yet. Please bear with us. For starters, here is where you get information on the major BSD flavors: Apple Mac OS X The DragonFly BSD Project FreeBSD The NetBSD Project ... We're compiling a list of good books about UNIX, BSD, and good programming style Choose from one of our many fabulous help pages.. FAQs from other Usenet newsgroups A list of DOS commands, and their UNIX counterparts A large list of UNIX commands, to get the novice started An introduction to Regular Expressions. ... Additional Sources of Information on the Net / Miscellaneous Links Have any comments on the page? Would you like to see something here? Is this now your permanent UNIX answer emporium? Send any comments, questions, or bug reports to webmaster@bsd.org** UNIX questions sent to this address will be politely sent to /dev/null - we do not have time to answer them. tfm associates do not endorse or condone any information herein. Any information contained here has no warranty or guarantee to work, but is given in good faith. (So if you accidentally delete any data or rupture a spleen while using the information in this webpage we're not responsible and you're on your own.)

26. UNIX / Linux Tutorial For Beginners Beginners guide to the unix / Linux operating system. Eight simple tutorials which cover the basics of unix. http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/

UNIX Tutorial for Beginners A beginners guide to the Unix and Linux operating system. Eight simple tutorials which cover the basics of UNIX / Linux commands. UNIX and Linux books If you wish to continue learning Unix, here is a list of good Unix and Linux books , ranging from beginners to advanced. Introduction to the UNIX Operating System What is UNIX? Files and processes The Directory Structure Starting an UNIX terminal Tutorial One Listing files and directories Making Directories Changing to a different Directory The directories . and .. Pathnames More about home directories and pathnames Tutorial Two Copying Files Moving Files Removing Files and directories Displaying the contents of a file on the screen Searching the contents of a file Tutorial Three Redirection Redirecting the Output Redirecting the Input Pipes Tutorial Four Wildcards Filename Conventions Getting Help Tutorial Five File system security (access rights) Changing access rights Processes and Jobs Listing suspended and background processes Killing a process Tutorial Six Other Useful UNIX commands Tutorial Seven Compiling UNIX software packages Download source code Extracting source code Configuring and creating the Makefile Building the package Running the software Stripping unnecessary code Tutorial Eight UNIX variables Environment variables Shell variables Using and setting variables Recommended UNIX and Linux books If you wish to continue learning Unix, here is a

27. Shells And Shell Scripts Shells and Shell Scripts. A unix shell is a command language interpreter, the primary purpose of which is to translate command lines typed at a terminal into system http://www.washington.edu/computing/unix/shell.html

Skip Navigation Search Directories Reference Tools ... Unix Shells and Shell Scripts A Unix shell is a command language interpreter, the primary purpose of which is to translate command lines typed at a terminal into system actions. The shell itself is a program through which other programs are invoked. Although there are several different Unix shells, among them the C shell (csh), the Bourne shell and the Korn shell, the one most frequently used on Blake within Berkeley UNIX is the C shell. The shell has some built-in functions, which it performs directly, but most commands that you enter cause the shell to execute programs that are external to the shell. This sets the shell apart from other command interpreters, because it is just another user program at the same time that it functions almost exclusively as a mechanism for invoking other programs. For more information about the C shell, refer to the article ``An Introduction to the C Shell,'' by William Joy, in the Unix User's Manual Supplementary Documents volume. Also see `man csh' online. What is a Script?

28. The UNIX System -- History And Timeline -- UNIX History Historical summary and timeline. http://www.unix.org/what_is_unix/history_timeline.html

UNIX System Home The Single UNIX Specification UNIX 03 UNIX.net ... White Papers History and Timeline Purchase a License Plate History of the UNIX License Plate The Single UNIX Specification Registered Products The UNIX Brand ... Why This is Different UNIX Past "...the number of UNIX installations has grown to 10, with more expected..." - Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson, June 1972 "... When BTL withdrew from the project, they needed to rewrite an operating system (OS) in order to play space war on another smaller machine (a DEC PDP-7 [Programmed Data Processor] with 4K memory for user programs). The result was a system which a punning colleague called UNICS (UNiplexed Information and Computing Service)an 'emasculated Multics'; no one recalls whose idea the change to UNIX was" Source: A brief look at the early history Resources Dennis Ritchie's home page Ken Thompson's home page Computer aided design, manufacturing control systems, laboratory simulations, even the Internet itself, all began life with and because of UNIX systems. Today, without UNIX systems, the Internet would come to a screeching halt. Most telephone calls could not be made, electronic commerce would grind to a halt and there would have never been "Jurassic Park"! By the late 1970's, a ripple effect had come into play. By now the under- and post-graduate students whose lab work had pioneered these new applications of technology were attaining management and decision-making positions inside the computer system suppliers and among its customers. And they wanted to continue using UNIX systems.

29. UNIX / Linux Tutorial For Beginners Beginners guide to the unix / Linux operating system. Eight simple tutorials which cover the basics of unix. http://info.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/

UNIX Tutorial for Beginners A beginners guide to the Unix and Linux operating system. Eight simple tutorials which cover the basics of UNIX / Linux commands. UNIX and Linux books If you wish to continue learning Unix, here is a list of good Unix and Linux books , ranging from beginners to advanced. Introduction to the UNIX Operating System What is UNIX? Files and processes The Directory Structure Starting an UNIX terminal Tutorial One Listing files and directories Making Directories Changing to a different Directory The directories . and .. Pathnames More about home directories and pathnames Tutorial Two Copying Files Moving Files Removing Files and directories Displaying the contents of a file on the screen Searching the contents of a file Tutorial Three Redirection Redirecting the Output Redirecting the Input Pipes Tutorial Four Wildcards Filename Conventions Getting Help Tutorial Five File system security (access rights) Changing access rights Processes and Jobs Listing suspended and background processes Killing a process Tutorial Six Other Useful UNIX commands Tutorial Seven Compiling UNIX software packages Download source code Extracting source code Configuring and creating the Makefile Building the package Running the software Stripping unnecessary code Tutorial Eight UNIX variables Environment variables Shell variables Using and setting variables Recommended UNIX and Linux books If you wish to continue learning Unix, here is a

30. Unix.edu - Oracle Solaris, Redhat Linux, Aix, And All Things Unix-related | Unix Citrix Netscaler vserver config that allows easy maintenance redirects; quick redhat os installations in a DR situation via images; easy storage migrations with symantec or http://www.unix.edu/

31. Www.bsd.org Links to major BSD variants, unix book list, help pages on several unix and system administration issues. http://bsd.org/

Welcome to www.bsd.org! What is this page all about? This page is intended to provide a variety of resources for users of the various commercial and freely-available bsd operating systems. It is in the midst of being revamped, and will probably be in such a state for quite a while yet. Please bear with us. For starters, here is where you get information on the major BSD flavors: Apple Mac OS X The DragonFly BSD Project FreeBSD The NetBSD Project ... We're compiling a list of good books about UNIX, BSD, and good programming style Choose from one of our many fabulous help pages.. FAQs from other Usenet newsgroups A list of DOS commands, and their UNIX counterparts A large list of UNIX commands, to get the novice started An introduction to Regular Expressions. ... Additional Sources of Information on the Net / Miscellaneous Links Have any comments on the page? Would you like to see something here? Is this now your permanent UNIX answer emporium? Send any comments, questions, or bug reports to webmaster@bsd.org** UNIX questions sent to this address will be politely sent to /dev/null - we do not have time to answer them. tfm associates do not endorse or condone any information herein. Any information contained here has no warranty or guarantee to work, but is given in good faith. (So if you accidentally delete any data or rupture a spleen while using the information in this webpage we're not responsible and you're on your own.)

32. The UNIX System Ordering page for the Open Group s Single unix Specification. http://www.unix.org/online.html

33. GIMP - For Unix There are various ways to obtain and install GIMP for unix systems. In addition to the source code distribution here on www.gimp.org, you can get binaries http://www.gimp.org/unix/

GNU Image Manipulation Program Skip to page contents News Screenshots ... GIMP Development GIMP for Unix Getting and Installing GIMP There are various ways to obtain and install GIMP for UNIX systems. In addition to the source code distribution here on www.gimp.org, you can get binaries for various flavors of UNIX. At the moment we know about the following binary packages for GIMP 2.4 or 2.6 on UNIX. These binaries are provided by GIMP users. We did not test them; use at your own risk. GNU/Linux Debian (deb) Fedora 9 (RPM) Gentoo Portage Slackware ... Ubuntu (deb) BSD FreeBSD Sun Solaris Blastwave Software Distribution If you cannot find a pre-compiled package of GIMP 2.6 for your system, you can build and install GIMP from the source code . This is not that hard, so don't be afraid and give it a try. Requirements GIMP runs on most Unix systems using X11 (the X Window System). If your system can run a graphical web browser, chances are that it can also run GIMP. It runs even on relatively old PCs (Pentium 200) or on old workstations (Sun Ultra1). The amount of memory can be an important factor, especially if you intend to work on large images. A minimum of 128 MB of RAM is recommended, but actually you should have 256 MB or more, and several GB does not hurt when you want to edit really large images. In addition to the basic X11 libraries, the following is a list of what you will need to run GIMP on your system:

34. UNIX - Simple English Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia unix is a computer operating system. It was developed during the late 1960s at Bell Labs. It was made by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, and others. http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIX

UNIX From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search The English used in this article or section may not be easy for everybody to understand. You can help Wikipedia by making this page or section simpler Desktop OS market share as of May, 2009 Microsoft Windows Mac OS X and Mac OS Linux Solaris Other - 1.44% The history of UNIX and its variants UNIX is a computer operating system . It was developed during the late at Bell Labs . It was made by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, and others. The system is a multiuser and multiprocessing system. This means that it can do many things at the same time. Also, many people can use it at the same time. It also is network oriented; which means that it is meant to operate in a network of computers. Security is also very important in UNIX, because of the multiuser idea, but also the networked environment it is found in. Many ideas that were in UNIX were new. Other operating systems copied them. Today, there are many operating systems that have some of the ideas of UNIX in them. For this reason, some people talk about a "UNIX philosophy " of doing things. One of these systems with many of the UNIX ideas in it, is called

35. Unix Standards The 1973 rewrite of unix in C made it unprecedentedly easy to port and modify. As a result, the ancestral unix diverged into a family of operating systems early on. http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/ch17s02.html

Unix Standards Prev Chapter 17. Portability Next Unix Standards The 1973 rewrite of Unix in C made it unprecedentedly easy to port and modify. As a result, the ancestral Unix diverged into a family of operating systems early on. Unix standards originally developed to reconcile the APIs of the different branches of the family tree. In fact, on the newer open-source Unixes (such as Linux ), it is common for operating-system features to have been engineered using published standards as the specification. We'll return to this point when we examine the RFC standards process later in this chapter. Standards and the Unix Wars and Berkeley lines of development that we examined in Chapter 2 The 4.x BSD Unixes were descended from the 1979 Version 7. After the release of 4.1BSD in 1980 the BSD line quickly developed a reputation as the cutting edge of Unix. Important additions included the vi visual editor, job control facilities for managing multiple foreground and background tasks from a single console, and improvements in signals (see Chapter 7 ). By far the most important addition was to be TCP/IP

36. Index Looking for a unix System Administrator Job? or If you are having some unix and Linux related problem, please submit it to me. http://members.tripod.com/vtsmanoj/index.html

37. Adobe - Adobe Reader For Unix Adobe Reader for unix. By downloading software from the Adobe Web site you agree to the terms of our license agreement. Please read it before downloading. http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/product.jsp?product=10&platform=unix

38. Unix-like - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia A unixlike (sometimes shortened to UN*X or *nix to circumvent trademark issues) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a unix system, while not http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix-like

Unix-like From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Diagram of the relationships between the major Unix-like systems. A Unix-like (sometimes shortened to UN*X or *nix to circumvent trademark issues) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, while not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification There is no standard for defining the term, and some difference of opinion is possible as to the degree to which a given OS is "Unix-like". The term can include free and open source operating systems inspired by Bell Labs ’ Unix or designed to emulate its features, commercial and proprietary work-alikes, and even versions based on the licensed UNIX source code (which may be sufficiently "Unix-like" to pass certification and bear the "UNIX" trademark). Free and open source examples are sometimes known as Freenix Contents The term "Unix-like" and the UNIX trademark Categories Compatibility layers Development of Unix-like systems ... edit The term "Unix-like" and the UNIX trademark The Open Group owns the UNIX trademark and administers the Single UNIX Specification, with the "UNIX" name being used as a

39. UNIX.net - Signup For UNIX.net Signup to join the unix.net domain, and get an email address at unix.net and complete the form successfully to activate your unix.net email address and http://www.unix.net/

UNIX System Home The Single UNIX Specification UNIX 03 UNIX.net ... White Papers UNIX.NET "Join the Network of UNIX System Users" Navigation Home UNIX.NET Welcome to UNIX.net Signup to join the UNIX.net domain, and get an email address at UNIX.net (yourname@unix.net). To join the UNIX.net domain, select the signup link below, and complete the form successfully to activate your unix.net email address and join a notification mailing list (moderated low volume). The form includes a UNIX knowledge quiz to test your knowledge of the UNIX system. Note that the username selected on the form will be your username@unix.net, and this takes about 30-60 minutes to activate. unix-dotnet-membership Signup [ Purchase: License Plate Purchase the Pdf edition of the Guide including the full specification in html and pdf formats (available for immediate download after purchase) Order the classic Live Free or Die plate UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group The UNIX.net domain is sponsored by The Open Group. The Open Group will not pass your details onto a third party.

40. Hauptseite Der Unix-AGs Generelle Informationen ber die Gesamtheit der studentischen AGs, die sich mit dem Thema unix befassen. http://www.unix-ag.org

German Unix-AG Association Herzlich willkommen auf der Hauptseite der deutschen Unix-AGs Vor kurzem wurde eine gemeinsame Domain unix-ag.org Unix-AG Siegen ml-unixag-request@unix-ag.org mit subscribe im Body schicken. #unixag Aktuell Informationen (zusammengetragen von Dietmar Lippold Unix-AG Kaiserslautern E-Mail-Junk-Protection Email search

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