21. Masers And Maser Communications System - Patent 2929922 Schawlow, Arthur L. Townes, Charles H. 372/56, 250/214.100, 330/59 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2929922.html

22. Optical Maser Elements - Patent 3087374 Devlin, George E. Schawlow, Arthur L. 501/86, 501/153, 359/342 http://www.freepatentsonline.com/3087374.html

23. Laser Spectroscopy Of Atoms And Molecules Title Laser Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules Authors Schawlow, Arthur L. Publication Science, Volume 202, Issue 4364, pp. 141147 Publication Date http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978Sci...202..141S

Sign on SAO/NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service Find Similar Abstracts (with default settings below Electronic Refereed Journal Article (HTML) Citations to the Article (3) Citation History ... Translate This Page Title: Laser Spectroscopy of Atoms and Molecules Authors: Publication: Science, Volume 202, Issue 4364, pp. 141-147 ( Sci Homepage Publication Date: Origin: JSTOR DOI: 10.1126/science.202.4364.141 Bibliographic Code: Abstract Not Available Bibtex entry for this abstract Preferred format for this abstract (see Preferences Find Similar Abstracts: Use: Authors Title Return: Query Results Return items starting with number Query Form Database: Astronomy Physics arXiv e-prints

24. Engineer,Charles Townes,Inventor, Schawlow, Arthur L., and Charles H. Townes, U.S. Patent No. 2,929,222 (22 March 1960). Schawlow, Arthur L., and Charles H. Townes, Infrared and Optical Masers, Physical http://www.engology.com/eng5townes.htm

Prof. Charles Townes Engineer, Scientist, and Co-Inventor of the Laser. Nobel Peace Prize Winner The Patent Dispute Regarding the Invention of the Laser by Todd Fronek A barcode scanner is one everyday use of laser technology. The laser has become a major techno logical factor in today's fast paced world. CD-ROM, laser printers and even eye surgery all involve using a laser. In 1960, Theodore Maiman produced the first working laser [Bromberg, 1988]. The discovery marked the zenith of many years of research, and also the beginning of numerous technological breakthroughs. Because many parties in addition to Maiman contributed substantial research to the invention of the laser, a dispute arose over who should receive the patent for the invention of the laser. LASER is an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." A laser produces a thin beam of light that is monochromatic and coherent, meaning that the beam is one color and each wave of lighttravels in step. The laser process begins when energy enters and begins to strike the atoms in a system. The stimulated atoms give off energy in the form of light. This emitted light reflects back and forth between the ends of a cylinder, one end being a fully reflecting mirror and one end being a partially reflecting mirror. The light continues to excite more and more atoms, and finally the atoms contain enough energy to burst through the partially reflecting mirror in a beam of light. This beam of light has a variety of applications. For instance, it is able, in some cases, to drill tiny holes in diamonds within minutes (conventional methods take days to produce the same holes).

25. DeMaria, Anthony John, 1931- Oral History Interview With Anthony John DeMaria, 1 Research and education, 1956 to ca. 1970. Establishment of the electromagnetics Schawlow, Arthur L., 19211999- http://aip.org/history/catalog/icos/4569.html

If you are not immediately redirected, please click here DeMaria, Anthony John, 1931- Oral history interview with Anthony John DeMaria, 1984 April 13. Bloembergen, N. Lamb, Willis E. (Willis Eugene), 1913-2008 Prokhorov, A. M. (Aleksandr Mikhailovich), 1916- Schawlow, Arthur L., 1921-1999- Townes, Charles H. Avco-Everett Research Laboratory. Bell Telephone Laboratories Eastman Kodak Company. United Aircraft Corporation. Research Laboratories. United States. Office of Naval Research. United Technologies Corporation. Lasers History. Lasers Research. Physics. Lasers Oral histories. aat Interviews. aat Sound recordings. aat Transcripts. aat Cutler, Chap. Danielson, Edward. Feyrar, Carl. Fork, Richard. Glenn, Bill. Hanis, Steve. Hargrove, Logan Ezral. Heynau, Hans. Hoadley, Henry. Housemann, George. Ippen. Kantrowitz, Arthur Kuhrt, Wes. Lee, John. Meyerand, Reiss. Penny, Al. Pershan, Peter. Schully, Marlan. Shank, Chuck. Snavely, Benjamin. Tracy, Brian. Ultec, Caspar. Weber, Hans. Andersen Laboratories. Bromberg, Joan Lisa. interviewer. AIP-ICOS Catalog

26. The Patent Dispute Regarding The Invention Of The Laser Schawlow, Arthur L., and Charles H. Townes, U.S. Patent No. 2,929,222 (22 March 1960). Schawlow, Arthur L., and Charles H. Townes, Infrared and Optical Masers, Physical Review, http://tc.engr.wisc.edu/UER/uer97/author5/content.html

The Patent Dispute Regarding the Invention of the Laser Todd Fronek The laser has become a major technological factor in today's fast paced world. CD-ROM, laser printers, and even eye surgery all involve using a laser. In 1960, Theodore Maiman produced the first working laser [Bromberg, 1988]. The discovery marked the zenith of many years of research, and also the beginning of numerous technological breakthroughs. Because many parties in addition to Maiman contributed substantial research to the invention of the laser, a dispute arose over who should receive the patent for the invention of the laser. LASER is an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." A laser produces a thin beam of light that is monochromatic and coherent, meaning that the beam is one color and each wave of light travels in step. The laser process begins when energy enters and begins to strike the atoms in a system. The stimulated atoms give off energy in the form of light. This emitted light reflects back and forth between the ends of a cylinder, one end being a fully reflecting mirror and one end being a partially reflecting mirror. The light continues to excite more and more atoms, and finally the atoms contain enough energy to burst through the partially reflecting mirror in a beam of light. This beam of light has a variety of applications. For instance, it is able, in some cases, to drill tiny holes in diamonds within minutes (conventional methods take days to produce the same holes).

27. Hahn, E. L. (Erwin Louis), 1921- Oral History Interview With Erwin Louis Hahn, 1 This short interview touches briefly on Hahn's education at Juniata College Schawlow, Arthur L., 19211999- http://aip.org/history/catalog/icos/4652.html

If you are not immediately redirected, please click here Hahn, E. L. (Erwin Louis), 1921- Oral history interview with Erwin Louis Hahn, 1986 August 21. Beams, Jesse W. (Jesse Wakefield), 1898-1977. Bloch, Felix, 1905- Bloembergen, N. Kerst, Donald William, 1911- Maiman, Theodore H. Schawlow, Arthur L., 1921-1999- Varian, Russell Harrison, 1898-1959. Bell Telephone Laboratories Columbia University Los Alamos National Laboratory. National Science Foundation (U.S.) Purdue University. Stanford University. United States. Navy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. University of Virginia. Lasers History. Nuclear magnetic resonance. Lasers Oral histories. aat Interviews. aat Sound recordings. aat Transcripts. aat Bass, Sam. Brewer, Richard George. Clarke, John F. Commins, Gene. Daghalian, Harry. Dicke, Robert H. (Robert Henry) Gould, Gordon, 1920-2005 McCall, Sam. Mitsunaga. Shiren, Norman. Slichter, Charles P. Slusher, Dick. Juniata College. Thomas J. Watson IBM Research Center Bromberg, Joan Lisa. interviewer. AIP-ICOS Catalog

28. All About Inventors Arthur Schawlow Arthur L. Schawlow is coinventor of the laser http //invent.org/book/book-text/115.html ; Babcock and Wilcox Co-inventors of the Water Tube Steam Boiler. http://cybersleuth-kids.com/sleuth/Science/Inventors/

Clipart Lessons Home Clipart ... Video S E A R C H Cybersleuth Kids Classroom Clipart Free Clipart. Over 65,000 clipart, pictures, illustrations, icons, photographs and images to download. CLIPART INDEX Clipart History Animals Dinosaurs ... Sports , and lots more clipart !!. S E A R C H Clipart COOL TOOLS What's New Cool Sites Free Clipart Lesson Plan Categories Art Computer Clip Art Education ... US Presidents Worksheets Math Worksheets Coloring Pages Games Online Word Search :Games Home Science Inventors Albert Einstein Alexander Graham Bell Alfred Nobel Archimedes ... A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Francis Crick http: //pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bocri... A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Rosalind Franklin http: //pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bofra... An Wang An Wang made many notable contributions to the advancement of computer technology, including the magnetic pulse controlling device, the principle upon which magnetic core memory is based. http: //invent.org/book/book-text/106.html Andrew Alford Andrew Alford invented and developed antennas for radio navigation systems. http: //invent.org/book/book-text/1.html

29. Memorial Resolution: Arthur Schawlow: 5/00 ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW (19211999) Arthur Leonard Schawlow was born in Mount Vernon, New York on May 5, 1921. The family moved to Canada a few years later. http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2000/may31/schawlow-531.html

Stanford Report, May 31, 2000 Memorial Resolution: Arthur Schawlow ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW Arthur Leonard Schawlow was born in Mount Vernon, New York on May 5, 1921. The family moved to Canada a few years later. As a young boy, Art showed both a scientific aptitude and a love of tinkering with gadgets which stayed with him throughout his life. He graduated from high school at the age of 16 and originally intended to study radio engineering at the University of Toronto. Unable to afford the tuition, he was guided into his future career by a scholarship to study mathematics and physics. He continued on at Toronto and received a Master's degree in 1942 and a Ph.D. in 1949. During those years, his basement spectroscopy laboratory often reverberated with the sounds of Benny Goodman, "Jelly Roll" Morton, as well his own passable clarinet playing of Dixieland jazz. In 1949, Charles Townes offered him a post-doc position at Columbia University to work on microwave spectroscopy. He soon began to write with Townes the seminal book Microwave Spectroscopy , published in 1955. He met and married Townes' youngest sister, Aurelia, a talented vocalist. In 1951, Schawlow joined Bell Telephone Laboratories with the intent to work with John Bardeen on superconductivity. By the time Art arrived, Bardeen had departed, but Art decided to work on superconductivity nevertheless and did sound but not earthshaking work.

30. Gordon Gould - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Gordon Gould (July 17, 1920 – September 16, 2005) was an American physicist who is widely, but not universally, credited with the invention of the laser. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Gould

Gordon Gould From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Gordon Gould Gordon Gould in 1940 Born July 17, 1920 New York City Died New York City Nationality American Fields physics Alma mater Union College Yale University ... Patent Law Gordon Gould (July 17, 1920 – September 16, 2005) was an American physicist who is widely, but not universally, credited with the invention of the laser . Gould is best known for his thirty-year fight with the United States Patent and Trademark Office to obtain patents for the laser and related technologies. He also fought with laser manufacturers in court battles to enforce the patents he subsequently did obtain. Contents Early life and education Invention of the laser Battles for patents Further patent battles, and enforcement of issued patents ... edit Early life and education Born in New York City , Gould was the oldest of three sons. Both his parents were Methodists active in their community church, but he himself was an avowed atheist citation needed His father was the founding editor of Scholastic Magazine Publications in New York City. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics at Union College , where he became a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity, and a Master's degree at

31. Columbia University Nobel Laureates Schawlow, Arthur L. Physics 1981 1949–51; 1960 Bergstr m, Sune Physiology or Medicine 1982 1940–41 Stigler, George J. Economics 1982 1947–58 http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/nobel_laureates/by_year.html

var loaded_bol = false; View Columbia's Nobel Laureates by: year field name Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Roosevelt, Theodore Peace Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Millikan, Robert A. Physics PhD 1895 Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Butler, Nicholas Murray Peace PhD 1884 Langmuir, Irving Chemistry Eng. 1903 MA 1906 Morgan, Thomas Hunt Physiology or Medicine Urey, Harold C. Chemistry Fermi, Enrico Physics Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Rabi. I. I. Physics PhD 1927 Muller, Hermann J. Physiology or Medicine PhD 1916 Northrop, John Howard Chemistry PhD 1915 Yukawa, Hideki Physics Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Kendall, Edward C. Physiology or Medicine PhD 1910 Kusch, Polykarp Physics Lamb, Willis E. Physics Cournand, Andre F. Physiology or Medicine Richards, Dickinson W.

32. 20th Century Year By Year 1981 The prize was awarded by one half jointly to BLOEMBERGEN, NICOLAAS, U.S.A., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, b. 1920 (in the Netherlands); and SCHAWLOW, ARTHUR L., U.S.A http://www.historycentral.com/20th/1981.html

33. Electricidad Y Esas Cosas, Biografías S Schawlow, Arthur L. Schawlow, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Arthur Leonard SCHAZ SCHB SCHBA SCHC SCHCA SCHCM SCHCP SCHCS SCHD SCHDA SCHDF Sche SCHEA Scheat Schech, Marianne http://cires.htmlplanet.com/BioS.htm

Free Web Hosting Provider Web Hosting E-commerce High Speed Internet ... Free Web Page Search the Web Welcome! Close Would you like to make this site your homepage? It's fast and easy... Yes, Please make this my home page! No Thanks Don't show this to me again. Close BIOGRAFÍAS DE CIENTÍFICOS S SCHAWLOW, ARTHUR L. Capítulo Autor: Ing. Víctor Cires Gavidia Octubre, 2003 Nació el 5 de mayo de 1921 en Mount Vernon (Nueva York). Tras doctorarse en la Universidad de Toronto, obtuvo una beca para trabajar con Townes en Columbia y de ahí pasó a la Universidad de Stanford, de la que era profesor emérito de Física. Se hizo famoso en 1950 junto a su colega Charles Townes en la Universidad de Columbia. Diseñaron un aparato que amplificó la luz de las microondas con extraordinaria intensidad, "el máser", precursor de los láseres. Como reconocimiento a este invento, la Academia sueca les concedió el Nobel de Física, primero a Townes (1964), que había seguido investigando con otros científicos, y 17 años después, a Schawlow (1981), por su contribución al desarrollo espectroscópico del láser.

34. Schechem Definition Of Schechem In The Free Online Encyclopedia. Schawlow, Arthur L. Schawlow, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Arthur Leonard SCHAZ SCHB SCHBA SCHC SCHCA SCHCM SCHCP SCHCS SCHD SCHDA SCHDF Sche SCHEA Scheat Schech, Marianne http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Schechem

35. Columbia University Nobel Laureates Schawlow, Arthur L. Physics 1981 1949–51; 1960 Rubbia, Carlo Physics 1984 1958–60 Lederman, Leon M. Physics 1988 PhD 1951 1951–89 Ramsey, Norman F. http://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/nobel_laureates/by_field.html

var loaded_bol = false; View Columbia's Nobel Laureates by: year field name CHEMISTRY Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Langmuir, Irving Chemistry Eng. 1903 MA 1906 Urey, Harold C. Chemistry Northrop, John Howard Chemistry PhD 1915 Libby, Willard Chemistry Stein, William H. Chemistry PhD 1938 Hoffman, Roald Chemistry Hauptman, Herbert A. Chemistry MA 1939 Altman, Sidney Chemistry Knowles, William Chemistry PhD 1942 ECONOMICS Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Kuznets, Simon S. Economics PhD 1926 Arrow, Kenneth J. Economics PhD 1951 Friedman, Milton Economics PhD 1946 Stigler, George J. Economics Solow, Robert Economics Becker, Gary S. Economics Fogel, Robert W. Economics MA 1960 Vickrey, William S. Economics PhD 1948 Merton, Robert C. Economics Mundell, Robert Economics Heckman, James Economics Stiglitz, Joseph Economics LITERATURE Nobelist Field Prize Year Columbia undergraduate degree Columbia graduate degree Columbia Faculty Brodsky, Joseph Literature Gordimer, Nadine

36. SCHD - What Does SCHD Stand For? Acronyms And Abbreviations By The Free Online D Schawlow, Arthur L. Schawlow, Arthur Leonard Schawlow, Arthur Leonard SCHAZ SCHB SCHBA SCHC SCHCA SCHCM SCHCP SCHCS SCHD SCHDA SCHDF Sche SCHEA Scheat Schech, Marianne http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/SCHD

37. Schawlow Encyclopedia Topics | Reference.com Jan 01, 2007; SCHAWLOW, ARTHUR L.SCHAWLOW, ARTHUR L. (1921–1999), U.S. physicist and Nobel laureate. He was born in Mount Vernon, New York, to http://www.reference.com/browse/Schawlow

38. Facilitated Communication Training: Nobel Prizewinner Writes Arthur L. Schawlow. Arthur L. Schawlow is the JacksonWood Professor of Physics emeritus at Stanford University. He received a Nobel Prize in 1981 and the President's National Medal http://home.vicnet.net.au/~dealcc/Front6.htm

WHAT FRONTLINE DIDN'T TELL YOU IS FACILITATED COMMUNICATION REAL? Arthur L. Schawlow Arthur L. Schawlow is the Jackson-Wood Professor of Physics emeritus at Stanford University. He received a Nobel Prize in 1981 and the President's National Medal of Science in 1991. He has also received seven honorary doctorates, from universities in six countries. Although this method has been found independently in several places over the last twenty years, including by my late wife Aurelia and myself, it became widely known only during the last few years, mainly through the work of Rosemary Crossley in Australia, Douglas Biklen at the University of Syracuse and Carol Berger of Eugene, Oregon. Many people are using it now, and the results have often been spectacular. To give just one instance, David Eastham in Canada wrote a book of poetry which was published and translated into French. He graduated from junior college before his untimely death, and Margaret Eastham has detailed his accomplishments in the biography Silent Words.

39. MEST - EST10/site/contributors Schawlow, Arthur L. (deceased) Physics Laser Seaborg, Glenn, T. (deceased) Chemistry Actinide elements; 8 other articles Siegbahn, Kai M. Physics Electron spectroscopy http://books.mcgraw-hill.com/EST10/site/contributors.php

40. Guide To Nobel Prize Schawlow, Arthur L. (Physics, 1981) Laser and Maser (15th edition) Maser (in part; 15th edition) Twentyfive Years of Lasers (Yearbook of Science and the Future, 1987) http://www.britannica.com/nobelprize/browse?browseId=255936

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