21. Marcus Aurelius@Everything2.com Roman PhilosopherEmperor who held belief in Stoicism. Reigned 161-180 CE and wrote Meditations. His just and benevolent rule was followed by that of his corrupt son, Commodus http://www.everything2.com/title/Marcus Aurelius

22. Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius: On The Virtue Of Antoninus Pius (r. Text of this work by Marcus Aurelius. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/marcusaurelius-anton1.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius (b.121- r.161-d.180): On the Virtue of Antoninus Pius (r. 138-161CE) [Davis Introduction] Antoninus Pius (born 86, reigned 138-161 CE) had a singularly untroubled reign, although there is reason to believe that the forces which later ruined the Roman world were allowed by him to work unchecked. No one, however, has questioned the purity of his life and the simplicity and nobility of his character. His personality is described by his adopted son - the famous Marcus Aurelius. It is a high tribute to the ancient civilization and the Stoic philosophy that they could produce two such characters and bestow on them successively the government of the world. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations I.16: The Character of Antoninus Pius He was not easily moved and tossed up and down, but loved to be constant, both in the same places and businesses; and after his great fits of headache he would return fresh and vigorous to his wonted affairs. He was very discreet and moderate in exhibiting public sights and shows for the pleasure and pastime of the people; in public buildings, congiaria [i.e. general distribution of money or corn doles], and the like. He did not use the baths at unseasonable hours. He was never curious or anxious about his food, or about the style or color of his clothes, or about any mere matter of external beauty. In all his conversation, he was far from all inhumanity, boldness, incivility, greediness, or impetuosity; never doing anything with such earnestness and intention that a man could say of him, that he flew into a heat about it, but contrariwise, all things distinctly, as at leisure, without trouble, orderly, soundly, and agreeably. A man, in short, might have applied to him what is recorded of Socrates.

23. Marcus Aurelius As fans of the movie Gladiator know, there was an elderly Roman emperor named Marcus Aurelius, and his top general was named Maximus. I don't know if the rest of the story proceeded http://www.mayyoubehappy.com/marcusaurelius.html

As fans of the movie Gladiator know, there was an elderly Roman emperor named Marcus Aurelius, and his top general was named Maximus. I don't know if the rest of the story proceeded as Hollywood depicted it—highly doubtful—but there was indeed an emperor named Marcus Aurelius, and his top general was indeed a man named Maximus. Marcus Aurelius was not only a very enlightened ruler, but perhaps the only example in history of Plato's ideal of a philosopher-king. In his memoirs, Marcus Aurelius occasionally touched upon his general Maximus. And his main point about Maximus was how much he learned from him. I find that fascinating. Here was the emperor of the world, most examples of which were puffed-up with self-importance, and yet Marcus Aurelius stressed how much he learned from his top general. Here was someone who did not need to inflate a self-image. He was content to be as he was, and happened to find himself as an emperor. That was one of the great things about Marcus Aurelius: his humility. It's a quality that I try to learn from Marcus Aurelius and others. It seems to me that humility is a pre-requisite for the spiritual journey, since without it the inner doors remain closed.

24. Emperor Marcus Aurelius An overview of his life and reign from the Illustrated History of the Roman Empire. http://www.roman-empire.net/highpoint/marcaurelius-index.html

25. Marcus Aurelius: The Meditations The emperor Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161160 was the only Roman emperor besides Julius Caesar whose writings were to become part of the canon of Western http://www.wsu.edu/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1/aurelius.html

Marcus Aurelius: The Meditations (167 CE) The emperor Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161-160 was the only Roman emperor besides Julius Caesar whose writings were to become part of the canon of Western classics. His Meditations are a loosely-organized set of thoughts relating to the stoic philosophy which had been popular among the better-educated citizens of Rome for some centuries. It stressed self-discipline, virtue, and inner tranquillity. Aurelius was also a social reformer who worked for the improvement of the lot of the poor, slaves, and convicted criminals. Non-Christians in the Western World have often looked to him as a role model. He was also a fierce persecutor of Christianity, doubtless because he felt that the religion threatened the values that had made Rome great. Aurelius was not an original or brilliant thinker, but his Meditations reflect well the stoic strain in Greco-Roman civilization. The emphasis on morality combined with emotional detachment is strongly reminiscent of Buddhist thought, with which Stoicism has often been compared. What arguments does Aurelius offer to help people accept death? How persuasive do you find them? How does this philosophy emphasize the independence of the individual? Does this emphasis on the individual result in selfishness? What theme does Aurelius share with the poem by Horace in this volume?

26. ANF01. The Apostolic Fathers With Justin Martyr And Irenaeus | Christian Classic Gives the text of this letter in which the emperor gives credit for his victories to the Christians. http://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf01.viii.ii.lxxi.html

Home Browse Search Community ... Table of Contents Search within book: addLoadEvent(createResizeHandle); Advertisements ANF01. The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus « Prev Epistle of Marcus Aurelius to the senate, in… Next » Epistle of Marcus Aurelius to the senate, in which he testifies that the Christians were the cause of his victory.     [Spurious, no doubt; but the literature of the subject is very rich. See text and notes, Milman’s Gibbon , vol. ii. 46.]     Literally, “fiery.� [Note I. (See capp. xxvi. and lvi.)    In 1851 I recognised this stone in the Vatican, and read it with emotion. I copied it, as follows: Semoni Sanco Deo Fidio Sacrvm Sex. Pompeius. S. P. F. Col. Mussianvs. Quinquennalis Decur Bidentalis Donum Dedit.    The explanation is possibly this: Simon Magus was actually recognised as the God Semo , just as Barnabas and Paul were supposed to be Zeus and Hermes ( Acts xiv. 12 .), and were offered divine honours accordingly. Or the Samaritans may so have informed Justin on their understanding of this inscription, and with pride in the success of their countryman ( Acts viii. 10

27. Marcus Aurelius News, Marcus Aurelius Bio And Photos | TVGuide.com Get the latest Marcus Aurelius News, Bio, Photos, Credits and More for Marcus Aurelius on TVGuide.com http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/marcus-aurelius/163830

28. Marcus Aurelius [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Marcus Aurelius (121—180 CE) The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations. http://www.iep.utm.edu/marcus/

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C ... Z Marcus Aurelius (121—180 CE) The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations . These reflect the influence of Stoicism and, in particular, the philosophy of Epictetus , the Stoic. The Meditations Table of Contents Life The Meditations Philosophy ... References and Further Reading 1. Life Marcus Aurelius was born in AD 121. His early education was overseen by the Emperor Hadrian, and he was later adopted by the Emperor Antoninus Pius in AD 138. After an initial education in rhetoric undertaken by Fronto, Marcus later abandoned it in favor of philosophy. Marcus became Emperor himself in AD 161, initially alongside Lucius Verus, becoming sole Emperor in AD 169. Continual attacks meant that much of his reign was spent on campaign, especially in central Europe. However, he did find time to establish four Chairs of Philosophy in Athens, one for each of the principal philosophical traditions (Platonic, Aristotelian, Stoic, and Epicurean). He died in AD 180.

29. Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius. 120180 A.D. Ruling from 161 A.D. to 180 A.D., the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was perhaps the only true philosopher-king in the history of the Western world http://www.wccusd.k12.ca.us/stc/Waysofthinking/bios/MarcusAureliusBIO.htm

Marcus Aurelius 120-180 A.D. Ruling from 161 A.D. to 180 A.D., the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was perhaps the only true philosopher-king in the history of the Western world.  Aurelius was a just and conscientious ruler.  He punished crime and corruption powerfully, freed slaves whenever possible, and banned criminal informers.  Although he allowed the popular Roman circus, he ordered gladiators to fight only with blades and swords that were not sharp.  Instead of raising taxes to finance Roman wars in Eastern Europe, Aurelius held a public auction of his own valuable possessions of gold and silk to support his armies. Marcus Aurelius was a stoic.  The Stoics based their thought on the beliefs of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno.  Stoics live life by their belief that it is essential to be fiercely brave and to face problems and hardships with courage.  To be a virtuous human being in the stoic sense, one must rise above passion and work to help others.  Marcus Aurelius is a perfect example of one who lived by the Stoic code of honor. In a series of notes to himself called The Meditations , Marcus Aurelius wrote about his stoic beliefs with conviction.  He believed in the divinity of the cosmos as an intelligent being with a soul.  He also believed in the harmony of all things, and in the importance of accepting whatever happens in life.  When it came to pain or trauma, the stoics also believed that life would only hand a person what he or she could ultimately handle.  Written day by day, The Meditations addressed every type of life situation.  They touch upon the stress of being an emperor with supreme power, on the fear of death, and on the problems that come up in everyday life.

30. LES MONNAIES DE PROBUS - Histoire Et Monnayage D'un Empereur Romain (276 - 282 A Pr sente le monnayage et l histoire de l empereur romain Marcus Aurelius Probus. http://lesmonnaiesdeprobus.blogspot.com/

skip to main skip to sidebar LES MONNAIES DE PROBUS MARCVS AVRELIVS PROBVS, Empereur Romain de Juin/Juillet 276 ap. J.-C. à Septembre 282 ap. J.-C. "Tous ceux qui ont parlé de lui ont pris soin d'observer qu'il possédait éminemment dans ses mœurs la probité qu'exprime son nom." Abbé Crevier n Bienvenue Bienvenue à tous les passionnés de monnaies romaines et à tous les novices en numismatique. Ce blog est destiné à faire découvrir les monnaies romaines de l'empereur PROBUS et permettra d'en connaitre le monnayage dans son ensemble. Au fil des articles, vous y découvrirez les monnaies de ma collection pour lesquelles les commentaires vous éclaireront sur leur iconographie mais aussi retraceront l'histoire passionnante de cet empereur militaire. La publication de monnaies inédites complètera ce travail. Bonne lecture à tous. PROBUS COINS Welcome to all lovers of Roman coins and all numismatic novices. This Blog will explore Emperor PROBUS 's Roman coins and understand its currency. Through articles, you'll find these coins in my collection and their reviews will tell you about their iconography, as well as the fascinating history of this military emperor. The publication of unpublished coins will complete this work. Happy reading.

31. Marcus Aurelius - Research And Read Books, Journals, Articles At Marcus Aurelius Scholarly books, journals and articles Marcus Aurelius at Questia, world's largest online library and research service. Subscribe now and do better research http://www.questia.com/library/history/ancient-and-classical-history/rome/marcus

32. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Marc Aurèle) Pr sentation du philosophe romain et des oeuvres qu il a inspir es. http://www.insecula.com/contact/A003651.html

S'enregistrer Devenir membre Envoyer la page Accéder aux forums ... Insecula Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Marc Aurèle) Guide de visite : Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Marc Aurèle) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Marc Aurèle) Marcus Annius Verus Naissance : Espagne - 121 / Décès : Vindobona Empereur : Empire romain de 161 à 180 Dynastie des Antonins Marc Aurèle est issu d'une famille italienne installée en Espagne de logue date tout comme Trajan et Hadrien. Antonin le Pieux avait épousé sa tante. Marc Aurèle, qui ne s'appelait encore que Marcus Annius Verus (du nom de son grand-père qui l'avait recueilli à la mort de son père). Il se lie d'amitié avec le richissime athénien Hérode Atticus, fréquente le rhéteur africain Fronton qui devient également son ami et embrasse la doctrine stoïcienne d'Épictète. Biographie L'empereur Hadrien, qui l'affublera du surnom "Verissimus" (le plus sincère), le fera adopter par son fils adoptif Antonin le Pieux. Ce dernier lui donnera la main de Faustine qui avait été promise, dans un premier temps, à Lucius Verus. Il accède au trône à la mort d'Antonin, en 161, à l'âge de 40 ans et partage le pouvoir avec son frère d'adoption, Lucius Verus, afin de respecter les dernières volontés du disparu. Il ordonne, au début de son règne, à ses généraux Avidius Cassius et Statius Priscus, de repousser les Parthes du roi Vologèse qui avaient une nouvelle fois envahis les provinces orientales de l'Empire. Son frère est envoyé en Syrie pour représenter l'autorité impériale. Les armées romaines accumulent les victoires, détruisent Ctésiphon, la capitale ennemie, et annexent l'Arménie et la Mésopotamie aux termes d'un traité de paix très avantageux. Lucius, qui avait d'avantage fréquenté les bouges que les champs de bataille, revient triomphant à Rome en emportant avec lui l'épidémie de peste qui allait frapper l'Empire au cours des siècles suivants. Les Marcomans franchissent le Danube en 167 et annexent la Norique (Autriche). Ils sont rejoints, l'année suivante, par des Quades et des Sarmates. La coalition dévaste la Pannonie (Sud de la Hongrie) et atteint le Nord de l'Italie.

33. My Homepage to live a life that flows in quiet, and is like the existence of the gods; for the gods on their part will require nothing more from him who observes these things. Marcus Aurelius http://marcusaurelius.com/

var path_prefix = '.'; Welcome to my webpage of Historical Collectibles. I have been buying and selling history on paper since 1987. Offerings include old magazines, newspapers, photographs, postcards, letters, documents, books, and other ephemera. Thanks for your interest!!! I am a frequent seller on eBay: http://stores.ebay.com/rodriguehortalez I also sell material at Vendio: http://shop.vendio.com/marcusaurelius and at Amazon.com: http://www.amazon.com/shops/marcusantoninus I travel often for business purposes, and may not always be able to respond promptly to your requests. However, be assured that we take your interests seriously, and will get back to you as soon as possible. Ron DeMello PO Box 835028 Miami, FL 33283 Email me at: aurelius20@yahoo.com "Every moment think steadily as a Roman and a man to do what you have in hand with perfect and simple dignity and feeling of affection and freedom and justice; and to give yourself relief from all other thoughts. And you will give yourself relief, if you do every act of your life as if it were the last, laying aside all carelessness, passionate aversion from the commands of reason, hypocrisy, self-love, and discontent with the portion that has been given to you. You see how few the things are, which if possessed by a man, enable him to live a life that flows in quiet, and is like the existence of the gods; for the gods on their part will require nothing more from him who observes these things. - Marcus Aurelius ( 121-189 A.D.)

34. Marcus Aurelius On Myspace Music - Free Streaming MP3s, Pictures & Music Downloa Myspace profile for Marcus Aurelius. Find friends, share photos, keep in touch with classmates, and meet new people on Myspace. http://www.myspace.com/marcusaureliusacoustic

35. Carus Gives an overview of the life and reign of the Roman Emperor Carus. http://www.roman-empire.net/decline/carus.html

Roman Empire Home Page The Decline Chapter The Decline Portrait Gallery Roman Empire Children's Section British Museum, London Marcus Aurelius Numerius Carus (AD ca. 224 - AD 283) Marcus Aurelius Numerius Carus was born around AD 224 in Narbo in Gaul. He must have had an extensive and successful military career as in AD 276 emperor Probus made him praetorian prefect. But in AD 282 when he was inspecting troops in Raetia and Noricum in preparation for Probus' campaign against the Persians, the discontent of the soldiers with their emperor boiled over and they hailed Carus the new ruler. Carus though is alleged to have rejected this offer at first out of loyalty to his emperor. If this is true or not, when Probus heard of the revolt he immediately sent forces to crush it. But the soldiers simply deserted and joined with those of Carus. Morale in Probus' camp finally collapsed and the emperor was murdered by his own troops. When Carus learnt of Probus' death, he sent a messenger to inform the senate, that Probus was dead and that he had succeeded him. It says much about Carus that he didn't seek the senate's approval, as had always been the tradition. Far more he told the senators that he, Carus, was now emperor. However, had Probus enjoyed respect among the senate, Carus though did think it wise to see to his predecessor's deification.

36. Marcus Aurelius (emperor Of Rome) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia Marcus Aurelius (emperor of Rome), April 26ad 121, RomeMarch 17, 180Vindobona Vienna, or Sirmium, PannoniaRoman emperor (ad 161–180), best known for his Meditations on http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/364331/Marcus-Aurelius

document.write(''); Search Site: Advanced Search With all of these words With the exact phrase With any of these words Without these words Home SHOP BROWSE BLOG ... HELP Username: Password: Remember me Forgot your password? Help Email " is the e-mail address you used when you registered. Password " is case sensitive. If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you. Marcus-Aurelius My Britannica CREATE MY Marcus Aurel... NEW ARTICLE ... SAVE Marcus Aurelius Table of Contents: Marcus Aurelius Article Article Youth and apprenticeship Youth and apprenticeship Roman emperor Roman emperor The Meditations The Meditations Assessment Assessment Additional Reading Additional Reading - Ancient sources Ancient sources - Modern biographies Modern biographies - Chronological problems Chronological problems Related Articles Related Articles Supplemental Information Supplemental Information - Quotations Quotations - Spotlights Spotlights External Web sites External Web sites Citations Article Youth and apprenticeship Roman emperor The Meditations ... Citations Primary Contributor: John Anthony Crook ARTICLE from the Marcus Aurelius in full Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus , original name (until ad 161) Marcus Annius Verus (b. April 26

37. Carinus Offers an overview of the life and rule of this Roman Emperor. http://www.roman-empire.net/decline/carinus.html

Roman Empire Home Page The Decline Chapter The Decline Portrait Gallery Roman Empire Children's Section Marcus Aurelius Carinus (AD ca. 250 - AD 285) Marcus Aurelius Carinus, the elder son of Carus, was born around AD 250. He and his brother Numerian were elevated to the rank of Caesar (junior emperor) in AD 282. When in December AD 282 or January AD 283 Carus left together with Numerian to campaign first on the Danube and then against the Persians, Carinus was left in Rome to direct the government of the west. It was for this purpose that Carinus was made consul as colleague to his father for 1 January AD 283. In celebration of his father's re-conquest of Mesopotamia, Carinus was raised to the rank of Augustus and co-emperor. It is fairly evident that Carinus was the prefered heir of Carus. He possessed that ruthlessness and military his brother Numerian did not have. When Carus died later in AD 283, and Numerian took the position of Augustus in the east, there was no opposition and the rule of the joint emperors held the promise of being a reasonably peaceful reign. Numerian soon initiated moves for a return back to Rome, but died in very mysterious circumstances in Asia Minor (Turkey) in AD 284.

38. Claudius II Gothicus Offers a history of the reign of the Roman Emperor Claudius II Gothicus. http://www.roman-empire.net/decline/claudius-II.html

Roman Empire Home Page The Decline Chapter The Decline Portrait Gallery Roman Empire Children's Section 'Claudius II Gothicus' Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius (AD 214 - AD 270) Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius was born on 10 May AD 214 in the region of Dardania which was either a part of the province of Illyricum or Upper Moesia. He served as military tribune under Decius and Valerian, and it was Valerian who promoted him to high military command in Illyricum. Claudius seems to have played a major part in the conspiracy to assassinate Gallienus outside Mediolanum (Milan) in September AD 268. At the time he was based close by at Ticinum, in command of a military reserve. It was announced that emperor Gallienus, as he lay dying, had formally appointed Claudius as his successor. But new of the murder of the emperor at first caused trouble. There was a dangerous mutiny among the army at Mediolanum, which was only brought under control by the promise of a bonus payment of twenty aurei per man, to celebrate the accession of the new man. In effect there had been only two senior commanders who could possible have been chosen for the throne. Claudius himself and Aurelian, who had also been a conspirator in Gallienus' death.

39. Meditations - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Meditations (Τὰ εἰς ἑαυτόν, Ta eis heauton, literally thoughts/writings addressed to himself ) is a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditations

Meditations From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search This article is about the writings by Marcus Aurelius . For other uses, see Meditation (disambiguation) Marcus Aurelius wrote Meditations in Greek at his base in Sirmium in modern-day Serbia and also while positioned at Aquincum on campaign in Pannonia in modern-day Hungary Meditations Ta eis heauton , literally "thoughts/writings addressed to himself") is a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius Roman Emperor 121–180 CE, setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy Marcus Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations in "highly-educated" Koine Greek as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement. It is possible that large portions of the work were written in Sirmium , where he spent much time planning military campaigns from to . Some of it was written while he was positioned at Aquincum on campaign in Pannonia , because internal notes tell us that the second book was written when he was campaigning against the Quadi on the river Granova (modern-day Hron ) and the third book was written at Carnuntum . It is not clear that he ever intended the writings to be published, so the title

40. Marc Aurel - Links Nennt antike Quellen und weiterf hrende Links zum Leben des r mischen Kaisers. Enth lt au erdem eine Bibliographie. http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~antike/fmi/antike/Aurelius.html

Marcus Aurelius Eine Seite zu Kaiser Marc Aurel und seiner Zeit mit Links und einer Bibliographie Links zu Marc Aurel und seiner Zeit Marc Aurels Selbstbetrachtungen Marc Aurel, Meditations Marc Aurel, Meditations Quellen Aurelius Victor, Liber de Caesaribus Cassius Dio, Roman History ... Buch 71 und Buch 72 Eutropius, Breviarium VIII 9-14 ... Historia Augusta, vita Commodi Schriftsteller aus der Zeit der Antonine Apuleius Epiktet, Reden und das Enchiridion englisch Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae Lukian deutsch in Auswahl Biographische Darstellungen zu Marc Aurel Marcus Aurelius De Imperatoribus Romanis. hervorragende Darstellung mit Literatur Marcus Aurelius (Encyclopaedia Britannica) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Catholic Encyclopedia) Empereurs romains kurze Biographie und Links Mark Aurel Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon mit Literatur Marc Aurel. Kaiser und Philosoph (Inga Hafemann) Marcus Aurelius (Thinkquest) Hadrian De Imperatoribus Romanis hervorragende Darstellung Hadrien Empereurs romains kurze Biographie und Links Antoninus Pius De Imperatoribus Romanis hervorragende Darstellung Antonin le Pieux Empereurs romains kurze Biographie und Links Lucius Verus De Imperatoribus Romanis Lucius Verus Empereurs romains kurze Biographie und Links Commodus De Imperatoribus Romanis Commode Empereurs romains kurze Biographie und Links Biographische Darstellungen und Linkseiten zu wichtigen Zeitgenossen Apuleius Web Page Fronto (Encyclopaedia Britannica) Galen (Encyclopaedia Britannica) Herodes Atticus (Encyclopaedia Britannica); seine

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