21. SOCRATES: Justice By Sanderson Beck BECK index socrates Justice by Sanderson Beck (based on Plato's Republic) socrates A Series of Philosophical Plays is now published as a book. For ordering information, please http://san.beck.org/SOC8-Justice.html

BECK index SOCRATES Justice by Sanderson Beck (based on Plato's Republic SOCRATES: A Series of Philosophical Plays is now published as a book. For ordering information, please click here Characters: Socrates Glaucon Adeimantus Polemarchus Servant of Polemarchus Thrasymachus Cephalus Cleitophon Scene: On a summer morning SOCRATES and GLAUCON are walking along a road from the harbor to Athens. A short distance behind them is a small group of men including ADEIMANTUS, POLEMARCHUS, and his SERVANT. ADEIMANTUS Look, Polemarchus, up ahead of us is Socrates and my brother Glaucon. POLEMARCHUS Boy, run ahead and tell them to wait for us. The servant runs toward Socrates and Glaucon. GLAUCON Socrates, how did you like the new festival in honor of the goddess? SOCRATES It was very beautiful, Glaucon, very beautiful. Catching up to them from behind, the servant tugs on the clothes of Socrates. SERVANT Polemarchus asks you to wait. SOCRATES Where is he? SERVANT There behind you, coming this way; but wait. GLAUCON We'll wait.

22. Socrates Generous sponsorship of Windows to the Universe is provided by the Hewlett Foundation, the American Geological Institute, the American Geophysical Union, the National Science http://www.windows2universe.org/people/ancient_epoch/socrates.html

23. 20th WCP: Spelunking With Socrates: A Study Of Socratic Pedagogy In Plato's Repu Study of Socratic Pedagogy in Plato s Republic, by Victor Boutros, Baylor University. http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Anci/AnciBout.htm

Ancient Philosophy Spelunking with Socrates: A Study of Socratic Pedagogy in Plato's Republic Victor Boutros Baylor University Victor_Boutros@Baylor.edu ABSTRACT: Though Plato never wrote a dialogue that explicitly asks, "What is education?", few argue that he is uninterested in the subject; after all, Plato, like Socrates, was a teacher. In his magnum opus , the Republic Republic I. Introduction Though Plato never wrote a dialogue that explicitly asks, "What is education?", few argue that he is uninterested in the subject; after all, Plato, like Socrates, was a teacher. In his magnum opus, the Republic, Plato deals with education repeatedly. The education of the guardian class and the allegory of the cave present two landmark pedagogical passages. Yet to catch a glimpse of Socratic pedagogy, we must first sift through the intricacies of dialogue. In addition to the complexity inherent in dramatic context, it seems clear that Socrates' remarks are often steeped in irony. Thus, we stumble upon a problem: how should we read these passages on education? Does Plato mean for us to read them genuinely or ironically?

24. Socrates - Encyclopedia Article - Citizendium This is a draft article, under development and not meant to be cited; you can help to improve it. These unapproved articles are subject to a disclaimer. http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Socrates

Socrates From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium Jump to: navigation search addthis_pub = 'citizendium'; addthis_logo = ''; addthis_logo_color = ''; addthis_logo_background = ''; addthis_brand = 'Citizendium'; addthis_options = ''; addthis_offset_top = ''; addthis_offset_left = ''; Main Article Talk Related Articles Bibliography External Links This is a draft article , under development and not meant to be cited; you can help to improve it. These unapproved articles are subject to edit intro Socrates Greek BCE ) was an ancient Greek philosopher who is widely credited with laying the foundations of Western philosophy Contents Life Trial and death Philosophy Socratic method ... Notes Life Most of what is now known about Socrates is derived from information that recurs across various contemporary sources: the dialogues written by Plato , one of Socrates' students; the works of Xenophon , one of his contemporaries; and writings by Aristophanes and Aristotle . Anything Socrates wrote himself has not survived, although some scholars consider Plato's Apology to be a fairly accurate record of Socrates' defense at his trial for treason.

25. The Suicide Of Socrates, 399 BC Eye witness account of the death of the Greek philosopher http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/socrates.htm

The Ancient World Making an Ancient Egyptian Mummy The Battle of Marathon, 490 BC Everyday Life in Ancient Greece ... Dining with Attila the Hun, 448 The Suicide of Socrates, 399 BC Printer Friendly Version >>> O n a day in 399 BC the philosopher Socrates stood before a jury of 500 of his fellow Athenians accused of "refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state" and of "corrupting the youth." If found guilty; his penalty could be death. The trial took place in the heart of the city, the jurors seated on wooden benches surrounded by a crowd of spectators. Socrates' accusers (three Athenian citizens) were allotted three hours to present their case, after which, the philosopher would have three hours to defend himself. Socrates Socrates was 70 years old and familiar to most Athenians. His anti-democratic views had turned many in the city against him. Two of his students, Alcibiades and Critias, had twice briefly overthrown the democratic government of the city, instituting a reign of terror in which thousands of citizens were deprived of their property and either banished from the city or executed. After hearing the arguments of both Socrates and his accusers, the jury was asked to vote on his guilt. Under Athenian law the jurors did not deliberate the point. Instead, each juror registered his judgment by placing a small disk into an urn marked either "guilty" or "not guilty." Socrates was found guilty by a vote of 280 to 220.

26. Socrates - New World Encyclopedia socrates (ca. 469 – 399 B.C.E.) (Greek Σωκράτης Sōkr tēs) was an ancient Greek philosopher and one of the pillars of the Western tradition. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Socrates

Socrates From New World Encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Previous (Socotra) Next (Sodium) Socrates Socrates (ca. 469 – 399 B.C.E. ) (Greek Sōkrátēs) was an ancient Greek philosopher and one of the pillars of the Western tradition. Having left behind no writings of his own, he is known mainly through Plato , one of his students. Plato used the life of his teacher and the Socratic method of inquiry to advance a philosophy of idealism that would come to influence later Christian thought and the development of Western civilization. Socrates made a clear distinction between true knowledge and opinion. Based upon his conviction about the immortality of the soul, Socrates defined true knowledge as eternal, unchanging, and absolute compared to opinions which are temporal, changing, and relative. Socrates was convinced that true knowledge and moral virtues are inscribed within the soul of every individual. Learning is, therefore, to cultivate the soul and make one’s implicit understanding of truth explicit. Socrates engaged in dialogues, not to teach knowledge, but in order to awaken the soul of a partner, a method comparable to certain practices in Zen Buddhism Truth, for Socrates, is something that should not only be discussed but lived, embodied, and practiced. Socrates understood the care of the soul as the primary task of philosophy and fought against

27. SOCRATES Because of the advanced features used at this site, socrates requires and is optimized for Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.5 or higher. Explain http://socrates.cdr.state.tx.us/

28. Socrates Had It Coming Comments on the events and significance of the philosopher s death. http://users.mo-net.com/mlindste/socrates.html

Socrates Had It Coming In the course of Western Civilization, there have been two trials ending in a sentence of death imposed upon two individuals later deemed grossly unfair and unjust by the verdict of history. One trial was that of Jesus Christ, the other that of Socrates. Of course, it can be said with justification that each man steered a course that ended with a fatal termination from the power structure of the time. It was Jesus' destiny. It was Socrates' choice. Both philosophers and theologians, by defining proper moral conduct, carry a political message, a message apt to rub the ruling power structure's nose in its own mess. Honesty is a dangerous double-edged sword wielded by a messenger of truth speaking to power. Christ defined and built a new moral order. All Socrates ever accomplished was questioning and probing the democratic beliefs of his day. He refused to define proper behavior and what should be done by government. Socrates built nothing, wrote nothing; instead he strove to destroy the legitimacy of free men ruling themselves, brown-nosed to concepts of authoritarian rule, and thus was never more than a moral vandal and graffitti-tagger to the social-order Parthenon of fifth century Athens, perhaps the most brilliant civilization ever seen on this planet. Both Christ and Socrates were killed at the orders of lesser men for what they said. The story of Jesus Christ and the world in which he lived are well known. Now let us look at Socrates, the world's first "intellectual" and the stage he acted upon.

29. Socrates - Simple English Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia socrates (470 BC 399 BC) was an important Greek philosopher and teacher. He lived in the Greek city of Athens. He is perhaps most important because he started trying to find http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socrates

Socrates From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Portrait of Socrates, a Roman copy from a Greek statue Louvre museum Socrates 470 BC 399 BC ) was an important Greek philosopher and teacher . He lived in the Greek city of Athens . He is perhaps most important because he started trying to find out how people thought. He asked questions about people, for example, how to be a truly good person. He also answered questions with other deeper questions. In his time, this was a new way of finding important facts , and we think that Socrates was the first to do this. This is now called the Socratic method after this man. Socrates is sometimes called the " father of Western philosophy ". This is because the things that he said made people think that he was very wise, and because of the importance and success of the people that he taught, like Plato , a younger philosopher change The Life of Socrates Not much is known about the life of Socrates. He lived such a long time ago that we do not have much information about him. We have some important stories from a few people who lived at the same time. Some were his friends (such as Plato , and Xenophon , a Greek historian ) and some were people who ridiculed him (such as Aristophanes , who wrote plays Socrates may or may not have written any books himself. Plato was one of his good friends and wrote about Socrates' life and thoughts, as well as about his teacher's death. Plato is our main source of information about Socrates.

30. James A. Colaiaco - Socrates Against Athens: Philosophy On Trial - Reviewed By N Nicholas D. Smith reviews A. Colaiaco s book. From Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews. http://ndpr.nd.edu/review.cfm?id=1268

31. Socrates (Greek Philosopher) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia socrates (Greek philosopher), c. 470 bcAthens Greece399 bcAthensGreek philosopher whose way of life, character, and thought exerted a profound influence on ancient and modern http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551948/Socrates

document.write(''); Search Site: Advanced Search With all of these words With the exact phrase With any of these words Without these words Home SHOP BROWSE BLOG ... HELP Username: Password: Remember me Forgot your password? Help Email " is the e-mail address you used when you registered. Password " is case sensitive. If you need additional assistance, please contact customer support Enter the e-mail address you used when enrolling for Britannica Premium Service and we will e-mail your password to you. Socrates My Britannica CREATE MY Socrates NEW ARTICLE ... SAVE Socrates Table of Contents: Socrates Article Article Philosophical and literary sources Philosophical and literary sources - Xenophon Xenophon - Plato Plato - Aristotle Aristotle Life and personality Life and personality Background of the trial Background of the trial - Religious scandal and the coup of the... Religious scandal and the coup of the oligarchs - The perceived fragility of Athenian d... The perceived fragility of Athenian democracy - The Athenian ideal of free speech The Athenian ideal of free speech - The impression created by Aristophane...

32. Diogenes Laertius, Life Of Socrates, From Lives Of The Philosophers, Translated A late classical account of this philosopher s life, by Diogenes Laertius. From the C.D. Yonge translation. http://classicpersuasion.org/pw/diogenes/dlsocrates.htm

Lives index THE LIVES AND OPINIONS OF EMINENT PHILOSOPHERS BY DIOGENES LAERTIUS, TRANSLATED BY C.D. YONGE LIFE OF SOCRATES I. SOCRATES was the son of Sophroniscus, a statuary, and of Phaenarete, a midwife; as Plato records in his Miaetetus; he was a citizen of Athens, of the borough of Alopece. II. Some people believed that he assisted Euripides in his poems; in reference to which idea, Mnesimachus speaks as follows: The Phrygians are a new play of Euripides, But Socrates has laid the main foundation.* (* phrygana, sticks or faggots.) And again he says: Euripides : patched up by Socrates. And Callias, in his Captives, says: A. Are you so proud, giving yourself such airs? B. And well I may, for Socrates is the cause. And Aristophanes says, in his Clouds: This is Euripides, who doth compose Those argumentative wise tragedies. III. But, having been a pupil of Anaxagoras, as some people say, but of Damon as the other story goes, related by Alexander in his Successions, after the condemnation of Anaxagoras, he became a disciple of Archelaus, the natural philosopher. And, indeed, Aristoxenus says that he was very intimate with him. IV.

33. The Last Days Of Socrates socrates. Although socrates (470399 BCE) is the central figure of these dialogues, little is actually known about him. He left no writings, and what is known is derived http://socrates.clarke.edu/aplg0260.htm

Socrates Although Socrates (470-399 BCE) is the central figure of these dialogues, little is actually known about him. He left no writings, and what is known is derived largely from Plato and Xenophon Socrates was a stone cutter by trade, even though there is little evidence that he did much to make a living. However, he did have enough money to own a suit of armor when he was a hoplite in the Athenian military. Socrates' mother was a midwife. He was married and had three sons . Throughout his life he claimed to hear voices which he interpreted as signs from the gods. It appears that Socrates spent much of his adult life in the agora (or the marketplace) conversing about ethical issues. He had a penchant for exposing ignorance, hypocrisy, and conceit among among his fellow Athenians , particularly in regard to moral questions. In all probability, he was disliked by most of them. However, Socrates did have a loyal following. He was very influential in the lives of Plato , Euclid, Alcibiades, and many others. As such, he was associated with the undemocratic faction of Athens . Although Socrates went to great lengths to distinguish himself from the sophists , it is unlikely that his fellow Athenians made such a distinction in their minds.

34. Socrates Summary | BookRags.com socrates. socrates summary with encyclopedia entries, research information, and more. http://www.bookrags.com/eb/socrates-eb/

35. Biography Of Socrates, From The Lives Of Eminent Philosophers By Diogenes Laerti Diogenes Laertius wrote his sketch of socrates in Greece around 225 C.E. http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/socrates/socratesbio.html

Socrates from The Lives of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laertius written 225 C.E. (+/- 25 years) Socrates Little is known about the third-century historian of philosophy, Diogenes Laertius. Even his real name is in question, as some scholars have suggested Laertius is a pen-name chosen to distinguish himself from the numerous other persons named Diogenes at the time. The best guess is that Diogenes Laertius wrote his collection of sketches of famous philosophers in the first half of the third century, based on the fact that the latest philosophers mentioned in his book date to the early third century, and important later philosophers are strikingly omitted from the work. The biographical sketches of Diogenes Laertius cannot be assumed to be entirely accurate. Although described by one scholar as "basically honest," Laertius' use of sources is entirely uncritical. Nonetheless, Laertius stands as one of the most important sources of information about Socrates because most of the earlier primary and secondary sources cited in his sketch have been lost. Laertius has become, according to Herbert S. Long, "the chief continuous source for the history of Greek philosophy." Socrates from The Lives of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laertius Socrates was the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and of Phaenarete, a midwife, as we read in the

36. Socrates - History For Kids! socrates for Kids The Greek philosopher socrates. socrates for Kids - who was socrates? what did he do? why did the Athenians want to kill socrates? http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/philosophy/socrates.htm

Socrates for Kids - who was Socrates? what did he do? why did the Athenians want to kill Socrates? Socrates This is supposed to be of Socrates, but it was made after he had already been dead for some time, by someone who did not know what Socrates looked like. Socrates was the first of the three great Athenian philosophers (the other two are Plato and Aristotle ). Socrates was born in Athens in 469 BC , so he lived through the time of Pericles and the Athenian Empire, though he was too young to remember Marathon or Salamis . He was not from a rich family. His father was probably a stone-carver, and Socrates also worked in stone , especially as a not-very-good sculptor . Socrates' mother was a midwife . When the Peloponnesian War began, Socrates fought bravely for Athens. We do not have any surviving pictures of Socrates that were made while he was alive, or by anyone who ever saw him, but he is supposed to have been ugly. But when Socrates was in his forties or so, he began to feel an urge to think about the world around him, and try to answer some difficult questions. He asked, "What is wisdom?" and "What is beauty?" and "What is the right thing to do?" He knew that these questions were hard to answer, and he thought it would be better to have a lot of people discuss the answers together, so that they might come up with more ideas. So he began to go around Athens asking people he met these questions, "What is wisdom?" , "What is piety?", and so forth. Sometimes the people just said they were busy, but sometimes they would try to answer him. Then Socrates would try to teach them to think better by asking them more questions which showed them the problems in their logic. Often this made people angry. Sometimes they even tried to beat him up.

37. Socrates Quotes - The Quotations Page socrates Regard your good name as the richest jewel you can possibly be possessed of for credit is like fire; when once you have kindled it you may easily preserve it, but if http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Socrates

Quotation Search by keyword or author: Home Weblog Quotes of the Day Motivational ... Read books online at our other site: The Literature Page Quotations by Author Socrates (469 BC - 399 BC) Greek philosopher in Athens [more author details] Showing quotations 1 to 23 of 23 total We have 2 book reviews related to Socrates. By all means marry; if you get a good wife, you'll be happy. If you get a bad one, you'll become a philosopher. Socrates - More quotations on: [ Marriage Death may be the greatest of all human blessings. Socrates Do not do to others what angers you if done to you by others. Socrates Envy is the ulcer of the soul. Socrates - More quotations on: [ Jealousy Get not your friends by bare compliments, but by giving them sensible tokens of your love. Socrates - More quotations on: [ Friendship If a man is proud of his wealth, he should not be praised until it is known how he employs it. Socrates Regard your good name as the richest jewel you can possibly be possessed of - for credit is like fire; when once you have kindled it you may easily preserve it, but if you once extinguish it, you will find it an arduous task to rekindle it again. The way to gain a good reputation is to endeavor to be what you desire to appear. Socrates - More quotations on: [ Reputation Remember that there is nothing stable in human affairs; therefore avoid undue elation in prosperity, or undue depression in adversity.

38. Life Of Socrates By Sanderson Beck Confucius and socrates Contents BECK index socrates Life and Deeds. This chapter has been published in the book CONFUCIUS AND socrates Teaching Wisdom. http://www.san.beck.org/SOCRATES1-Life.html

Confucius and Socrates Contents BECK index SOCRATES Life and Deeds This chapter has been published in the book CONFUCIUS AND SOCRATES Teaching Wisdom . For ordering information, please click here. Ten years after the death of Confucius, Socrates was born in Athens in the fourth year of the 77th Olympiad on the sixth day of the month of Thargelion, when the city was purified, according to Diogenes Laertius' citation of Apollodorus' Chronology.1 In Plato's account of Socrates' speech in his trial of 399 BC, Socrates said he was seventy years old.2 Therefore he lived (469-399) during the century which has been called the golden age of Athens. The Greeks had stopped the Persians at Marathon in 490 and turned them away for good in 480 at Salamis and in 479 at Plataea. With security from foreign encroachment, the way was prepared for Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides Aristophanes , Pericles, the sophists, and Socrates. Socrates was the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and he referred to Daedalus, the traditional founder of sculpting and stone-masonry, as his ancestor.3 His biographer Diogenes Laertius wrote that some sources indicated that Socrates was employed on the stone-work of the draped figures of the Graces on the Acropolis.4 This is not unlikely since this work was commissioned by Pericles as a public works project when Socrates was a young man. His mother was Phaenarete, and in Plato's Theaetetus Socrates said she was a midwife.5

39. Socrates - Uncyclopedia, The Content-free Encyclopedia As a famous philosopher, socrates (pronounced So crates) was less known for his invention of the pie. His other activities included talking to people and finding out what http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/Socrates

Socrates From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia. Jump to: navigation search A picture of Socrates ' beard and his ugly monkey face. Added by Nebagram For those without comedic tastes, the so-called experts at Wikipedia have an article very remotely related to Socrates As a famous philosopher Socrates (pronounced So - crates) was less known for his invention of the pie . His other activities included talking to people and finding out what things were. He had washerboard abs and a decidedly grab-able ass, in fact, Socrates is Guatemalisch for "sweet cheeks". He is most famous for his philosophical quote: "go fuck your mother" and discovering the key ingredient to what the Rock was cooking. He was the only literate person in Warsaw , always stating "I know I'm wise." Why people still talk about him is a mystery, since he was clearly not wise and spent his time asking stupid questions such as, "Why does the moon pale in midnight's eve?" or "Where do babies come from?" He is less well-known for being one of the first hypnotists , and often commanded normal people to completely abandon any beliefs and self-esteem that they ever had. As self-esteem was highly prized at this time, Socrates was a very rich man. Through his hypnotism, he gets the added bonus of being right all the time. Unfortunately Socrates was found out when he used his time machine to visit

40. 20th WCP: Socrates' Last Error An article by Miroslav Ivanovic which discusses problems of law and morality in socrates philosophy. http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Anci/AnciIvan.htm

Ancient Philosophy Socrates' Last Error Miroslav Ivanovic Institute for Criminological and Sociological Research ABSTRACT: In the dialogue, Crito Crito refers to some deeper problems of the philosophy of law and morality. The dialogue "Crito" recounts Socrates' last days, immediately before his execution. As the text reveals, his friend Crito proposes to Socrates that he escape from prison. In a dialogue with Crito, Socrates considers the proposal, trying to establish whether an act like that would be just and morally justified . Eventually, he came to argue that by rejecting his sentence and by trying to escape from prison he would commit unjust and morally unjustified acts. Therefore, he decided to accept his death penalty and execution. Because of his decision, he became one of the cult figures in the history of philosophy, a man of intact moral integrity who had made his final decision according to the very same principles that guided his entire life. He was praised as a grand rationalist who had acted rationally and justly Contrary to this widely accepted myth, I will try to demonstrate that Socrates' argument was erroneous, which made his decision less rational. In fact, had he decided to escape, his behavior would not have represented an unjust act. Although his argumentation and dialogue with Crito seem more like a moral sermon, his ideas are based on some deeper philosophical problems. In fact, Socrates' argument, developed in "Crito," belongs to the domain of the philosophy of law and morality. The argument can be summarized in the following way:

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