41. NREL: Basic Sciences Research - Superconductivity Because of their tremendous potential as a means of storing, transmitting, and distributing electricity, hightemperature superconducting materials, systems, and components are an http://www.nrel.gov/basic_sciences/technology.cfm/tech=9

Skip navigation to main content. More Search Options Site Map Superconductivity At NREL, superconductive coatings are made with this electrodeposition apparatus. Because of their tremendous potential as a means of storing, transmitting, and distributing electricity, high-temperature superconducting materials, systems, and components are an important area of research within the Center for Basic Sciences. Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electricity with essentially no resistive losses, which offers significant improvements in energy efficiency for electric power applications. After the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in 1986, researchers around the world quickly recognized the enormous potential of this technology. The superconducting systems of the future will allow us to transmit electricity through power lines much more efficiently than we now can. A great deal of current research and development in high-temperature superconductivity focuses on the development of superconducting wires and other system components. Superconducting wires must be strong and flexible, and they must be capable of carrying a large amount of current a long distance in a magnetic field. In the late 1980s, NREL pioneered a unique processing approach using electrodeposition. Since then, NREL has refined and extended the electrodeposition method to directly produce high-quality buffer layers and YBCO (yttrium barium copper oxide) films that can be implemented in a high-rate, cost-effective thick-film tape process.

42. Superconductivity From Encyclopedia Of Nonlinear Science | BookRags.com superconductivity from Encyclopedia of Nonlinear Science. superconductivity summary with 7 pages of research material. http://www.bookrags.com/tandf/superconductivity-tf/

43. INTiBS PAN Part of the Polish Academy of Sciences, in Wroclaw, Poland. Includes information about the departments of superconductivity, and low temperatures. http://www.int.pan.wroc.pl/?lang=en

44. Superconductivity Most of our research in superconductivity is carried out under The Birmingham Portfolio Award. This is a prestigious 6M research grant from EPSRC (The Engineering and Physical http://www.superconductivity.bham.ac.uk/

Skip logo, search and navigation. Go to the Content Search Schools and Departments Superconductivity Homepage Navigation Section Skip fast find section and go to the main content Fast find Fast find Schools and departments Maps and directions Courses Job opportunities Corporate services Site index Email directory Telephone directory Online Shop Homepage People What is Superconductivity? Public Engagement ... Contact Us Superconductivity at Birmingham Superconductivity at Birmingham The interdisciplinary research is at the forefront in Europe and centres on the invention, production and application of new superconducting thin film multi-layer materials and devices. Play the Superconductivity Game We would welcome your feedback relating to the game. A play devised by the university Drama Department and sponsored by the Birmingham Portfolio Partnership was performed in secondary schools to encourage pupils to think about science as a career. Footer Section University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK Tel: Legal Privacy Accessibility University contacts Tuesday, 31-Aug-2010 07:10:39 BST

45. Superconductivity - Moments Of Discovery superconductivity So simple, yet so hard to explain! For half a century the world’s most brilliant physics theorists tried scribbling equations, only to crumple the paper and http://www.aip.org/history/mod/superconductivity/

Moments of Discovery Home Discovery of Fission A Pulsar Discovery Superconductivity ... Introduction (Slichter) > Superconductivity contents: Superconductivity Home Introduction (Slichter) Schrieffer's Story A Dance Analogy Bardeen Reminisces Historical Study (Hoddeson) Links and Reading Exhibit Credits Ideas for Teachers Superconductivity: So simple, yet so hard to explain! In the decades after this strange discovery, physicists figured out the laws of relativity and quantum mechanics. They worked out equations to calculate all the colors and chemistry of the natural world, they cracked open the atomic nucleus, they uncovered the forces that light the stars... and still nobody had explained that little floating wire. This exhibit tells how three extraordinary minds worked together to finally solve the puzzle. You will see that getting to a new theory may take not just one "Moment of Discovery" but a string of dozens of such moments among many people. For a personal account, listen to Bob Schrieffer, the youngest of the team, tell what happened in his own words. To get the full background, you can read or listen to how a noted physicist saw the story from an outside perspective. You can also read a detailed account by a historian of physics, and explore other supplementary materials. Physics students / scientists can start with an Introduction, the story seen from outside

46. Modern Physics Letters B (MPLB) Launched in 1987, this journal covers condensed matter, statistical, applied physics and high-Tc superconductivity. http://www.worldscinet.com/mplb/mplb.shtml

Home Contact Us Join Our Mailing List New Journals ... Advanced Search Print ISSN: 0217-9849 Online ISSN: 1793-6640 RSS Feed About MPLB Editorial Board Contact MPLB Sample Issue Abstracting/Indexing ... Online Gateways How To Order Order Online Price Information Request for Complimentary Print Copy Dispatch Dates For Authors Guidelines for Contributors Online Submission Call for Papers Author Rights RELATED JOURNALS International Journal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB) Surface Review and Letters (SRL) RELATED BOOKS Nanoscale Processes On Insulating Surfaces Nanoscience And Technology RELATED LINKS Imperial College Press Condensed Matter Physics Books Physics Journals Physics eBooks ... MPLB Modern Physics Letters B (MPLB) Condensed Matter Physics; Statistical Physics and Applied Physics Current Issue All Volumes (1987-2010) News Congratulations to our contributors Professor Andre K. Geim for winning the Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 was awarded jointly to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene To celebrate this outstanding achievement, we will be offering

47. Superconductivity - Moments Of Discovery Introduction to the History of superconductivity (for physics students and scientists) by Charles Slichter. Download complete audio file (9.54MB) (Does not http://www.aip.org/history/mod/superconductivity/01.html

Moments of Discovery Home Discovery of Fission A Pulsar Discovery Superconductivity ... Schrieffer's Story > Superconductivity contents: Superconductivity Home Introduction (Slichter) Schrieffer's Story A Dance Analogy Bardeen Reminisces Historical Study (Hoddeson) Links and Reading Exhibit Credits Ideas for Teachers Introduction to the History of Superconductivity (for physics students and scientists) by Charles Slichter Download complete audio file (9.54MB) (Does not correspond exactly to the edited text below); or listen and read along using the embedded player below. Charlie Slichter He and his students set to work to study what happened to various properties of materials when they were that cold. One of his students was studying the electrical resistance of wires. He found that as he cooled mercury wire the electrical resistance of the wire took a precipitous drop when he got to about 3.6 degrees above absolute zero. The drop was enormous - the resistance became at least twenty thousand times smaller. The drop took place over a temperature interval too small for them to measure. As far as they could tell, the electrical resistance completely vanished. H. Kamerlingh-Onnes

48. Superconductivity | HTS Triax Superconducting Cables | A Southwire & NKT Cables superconductivity when materials exhibit zero electrical resistance to DC high temperature superconductors copper oxide ceramics low temperature superconductors tin helium mercury. http://www.supercables.com/superconductivity.html

Superconducting Cable Overview Substation Footprint High Load Connections Long Term Vision ... nkt cables Cable Technology Cable Technology Cable Design Performance Measures Superconductivity Superconductivity Superconductivity is the phenomenon that occurs when materials exhibit zero electrical resistance to direct currents (DC). There is a wide range of materials that have this characteristic and the first discoveries were made in 1911 – so this is not a new technology by any means. What is Superconductivity? Press "Play" on the video player below to learn more about superconducting cable technology. Three boundary conditions exist that must be met to achieve the superconducting state of a material. Each of the 3 criteria have critical values beyond which superconductivity ceases. These 3 criteria are temperature, magnetic field and current density. The first materials to show superconducting properties were pure metals such as mercury at temperatures approaching absolute zero (-273° C, -420° F, K). This group of materials later included metal alloys such as niobium tin which had critical temperature values near absolute zero and required liquid helium as a coolant. In 1986 researchers at IBM discovered superconductors made from copper oxide ceramics (cuprates). These materials have much higher critical temperature values and are now commonly referred to as high temperature superconductors (HTS), where previous materials are now referred to as low temperature superconductors (LTS). HTS materials must still be cooled to approximately -200° C – so “high temperature” is a relative term.

49. Welcome To Optical Lattices | Introduction To Optical Lattices | Applications, P Applications to anyonic statistics, quantum computation and superconductivity in the framework of optical lattice potentials. http://www.optical-lattice.com/

50. Superconductor History Their Theories of superconductivity became know as the BCS theory derived from the first letter of each man's last name - and won them a Nobel prize in 1972. http://www.superconductors.org/history.htm

VISITOR ALERT: We have detected that your browser is not Java-enabled. Please enable Java and Java Script by clicking on your Browser's "PREFERENCES" area. If you don't not wish to enable Java, you will not be able to view all of the information available on this website. Java is used extensively. T h e H i s t o r y o f S u p e r c o n d u c t o r s Superconductors , materials that have no resistance to the flow of electricity, are one of the last great frontiers of scientific discovery. Not only have the limits of superconductivity not yet been reached, but the theories that explain superconductor behavior seem to be constantly under review. In 1911 superconductivity was first observed in mercury by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University (shown above). When he cooled it to the temperature of liquid helium, 4 degrees Kelvin (-452F, -269C), its resistance suddenly disappeared. The Kelvin scale represents an "absolute" scale of temperature. Thus, it was necessary for Onnes to come within 4 degrees of the coldest temperature that is theoretically attainable to witness the phenomenon of superconductivity. Later, in 1913, he won a Nobel Prize in physics for his research in this area. The next great milestone in understanding how matter behaves at extreme cold temperatures occurred in 1933. German researchers Walther Meissner (above left) and Robert Ochsenfeld (above right) discovered that a superconducting material will repel a magnetic field (below graphic). A magnet moving by a conductor induces currents in the conductor. This is the principle on which the electric generator operates. But, in a superconductor the induced currents exactly mirror the field that would have otherwise penetrated the superconducting material - causing the magnet to be repulsed. This phenomenon is known as strong diamagnetism and is today often referred to as the "Meissner effect" (an eponym). The Meissner effect is so strong that a magnet can actually be

51. IOPscience::.. Superconductor Science And Technology Superconductor Science and Technology is a multidisciplinary journal for papers on all aspects of superconductivity. http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/0953-2048

Accessibility Links Skip to content Skip to search IOPscience Skip to Journals list Accessibility help ... Superconductor Science and Technology All Fields Title/Abstract Author Affiliation Fulltext PACS/MSC Codes Last Week Last Month This Year Last Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years All Dates All journals This journal only Home Search Collections Journals ... Librarians ISSN 0953-2048 (Print) ISSN 1361-6668 (Online) Published monthly, Superconductor Science and Technology is a truly multidisciplinary journal providing an essential forum for members of the superconductivity research community. More... Latest Issue (Complete) Number 10, October 2010 (105001-109802) Open Issue Number 12, December 2010 (125001-125007) Open Issue Number 11, November 2010 (115001-119801) Create an alert RSS this journal Volume listings Current volume Number 12, December 2010 Number 11, November 2010 Number 10, October 2010 Number 9, September 2010 Number 8, August 2010 Number 7, July 2010 Number 6, June 2010 Number 5, May 2010 Number 4, April 2010 Number 3, March 2010 Number 2, February 2010 Number 1, January 2010

52. Superconductivity - New World Encyclopedia A magnet levitates above a hightemperature superconductor (with boiling liquid nitrogen underneath). The levitation indicates that the superconductor expels an applied magnetic http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Superconductivity

Superconductivity From New World Encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Previous (Sunyata) Next (Supercritical fluid) A magnet levitates above a high-temperature superconductor (with boiling liquid nitrogen underneath). The levitation indicates that the superconductor expels an applied magnetic field, a property known as the "Meissner effect." Superconductivity , discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures (on the order of −200 degrees Celsius), characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and exclusion of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect). Materials with such properties are called superconductors Superconductors are used to make some of the most powerful electromagnets known to man, including those used in MRI machines. They have also been used to make digital circuits, highly sensitive magnetometers, and microwave filters for mobile phone base stations. They can also be used for the separation of weakly magnetic particles from less magnetic or nonmagnetic particles, as in the pigment industries. Promising future applications include high-performance

53. Superconductivity - Quantiki | Quantum Information Wiki And Portal superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at low temperatures, characterised by the complete absence of electrical resistance and the damping of the interior http://www.quantiki.org/wiki/Superconductivity

@import "/mediawiki/skins/quantiki/mediawiki.css"; @import "/mediawiki/skins/quantiki/style.css"; Portal Forum FAQ Page ... History Superconductivity Superconductivity Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at low temperatures, characterised by the complete absence of electrical resistance and the damping of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect.) In conventional superconductors , superconductivity is caused by a force of attraction between certain conduction electrons arising from the exchange of phonons , which causes the conduction electrons to exhibit a superfluid phase composed of correlated pairs of electrons. There also exists a class of materials, known as unconventional superconductors , that exhibit superconductivity but whose physical properties contradict the theory of conventional superconductors. In particular, the so-called high-temperature superconductors superconduct at temperatures much higher than should be possible according to the conventional theory (though still far below room temperature.) There is currently no complete theory of high-temperature superconductivity Superconductivity occurs in a wide variety of materials, including simple elements like tin and aluminium, various metallic alloys, some heavily-doped

54. Superconductivity Summary And Analysis Summary | BookRags.com superconductivity summary with 54 pages of lesson plans, quotes, chapter summaries, analysis, encyclopedia entries, essays, research information, and more. http://www.bookrags.com/Superconductivity

55. Superconductivity - Wikinfo superconductivity is an electrical phenomenon occurring in certain materials at low temperatures, characterized by the complete absence of electrical resistance and the damping of http://www.wikinfo.org/index.php/Superconductivity

Superconductivity From Wikinfo Jump to: navigation search Superconductivity is an electrical phenomenon occurring in certain materials at low temperatures , characterized by the complete absence of electrical resistance and the damping of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect .) In conventional superconductors , superconductivity is caused by a force of attraction between certain conduction electrons arising from the exchange of phonons , which causes the fluid of conduction electrons to exhibit a superfluid phase composed of correlated pairs of electrons. There also exists a class of materials, known as unconventional superconductors , that exhibit superconductivity but whose physical properties contradict the theory of conventional superconductors. In particular, the so-called high-temperature superconductors superconduct at temperatures much higher than should be possible according to the conventional theory (though still far below room temperature .) There is currently no complete theory of high-temperature superconductivity. Superconductivity occurs in a wide variety of materials, including simple elements like

56. PhysOrg.com - Superconductivity Science and technology news stories tagged with keyword superconductivity. All science news about superconductivity http://www.physorg.com/tags/superconductivity/

Science and technology news Home Nanotechnology Physics ... superconductivity sort by: Date Rank LiveRank Popular ... all Related topics: physical review letters superconductors Superconductivity hide Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials generally at very low temperatures, characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect). It was discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It cannot be understood simply as the idealization of "perfect conductivity" in classical physics. The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as the temperature is lowered. However, in ordinary conductors such as copper and silver, impurities and other defects impose a lower limit. Even near absolute zero a real sample of copper shows a non-zero resistance. The resistance of a superconductor, despite these imperfections, drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its "critical temperature". An electric current flowing in a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source. Superconductivity occurs in a wide variety of materials, including simple elements like tin and aluminium, various metallic alloys and some heavily-doped semiconductors. Superconductivity does not occur in noble metals like gold and silver, nor in pure samples of ferromagnetic metals.

57. Superconductivity A magnet levitating above a hightemperature superconductor, cooled with liquid nitrogen. Persistent electric current flows on the surface of the superconductor, acting to http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/s/Superconductivity.htm

Superconductivity 2008/9 Schools Wikipedia Selection . Related subjects: Electricity and Electronics A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor, cooled with liquid nitrogen. Persistent electric current flows on the surface of the superconductor, acting to exclude the magnetic field of the magnet (the Meissner effect). This current effectively forms an electromagnet that repels the magnet. Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials generally at very low temperatures , characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field (the Meissner effect). The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as the temperature is lowered. However, in ordinary conductors such as copper and silver , impurities and other defects impose a lower limit. Even near absolute zero a real sample of copper shows a non-zero resistance. The resistance of a superconductor, on the other hand, drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its "critical temperature". An electric current flowing in a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source. Like

58. Superconductivity *Research supported in part by NSFDMS9798206 ** Research supported in part by NSF, AFSOR http://www.math.iastate.edu/research/super/homepage.html

Superconductivity Faculty Qiang Du Max Gunzburger , Janet Peterson Research supported in part by NSF-DMS9798206 Research supported in part by NSF, AFSOR Description We have achieved significant progress in the modeling, analysis, and computation of superconducting phenomena. Our work has focused on mezoscale models as typified by the celebrated Ginzburg-Landau equations; these models are intermediate between the microscopic models (that can be used to understand the basic structure of superconductors and of the atomic and sub-atomic behavior of these materials) and the macroscale, or homogenized, models (that can be of use for the design of devices). Mezoscale models are of great use in understanding important phenomena in superconductors such as pinning, vortex motion, critical currents, Josephson effects, fluctuations, vortex glass and vortex fluid structures, resistivity, etc. The goals of our past, present, and future efforts in superconductivity center on the following aspects: to develop or refine mezoscale and macroscale models for superconductivity so to enlarge the range of physical problems for which such models are valid; to analyze these models in order to gain further understanding of the properties of these models and of their solutions, and also to determine their validity and usefulness for solving physically interesting problems;

59. Superconductivity superconductivity. v2.0.2 / 01 may 02 / greg goebel / public domain * superconductivity is the state in which a material has literally no resistance to electrical current. http://www.faqs.org/docs/air/ttspcon.html

Click on this banner to see the site home page. Index Home SiteMap Updates ... Email Comments Superconductivity v2.0.2 / 01 may 02 / greg goebel / public domain * "Superconductivity" is the state in which a material has literally no resistance to electrical current. The phenomenon was discovered early in the 20th century, but for most of the following decades it remained little more than a curiosity. The materials that exhibited superconductive behavior only did so if they were cooled to within a few degrees of absolute zero, which limited their use to highly specialized applications. Interest in superconductivity skyrocketed in the late 1980s when materials were discovered that remained superconductive at relatively high temperatures, but after the initial excitement wore off, development of practical applications proved painfully slow. However, by the end of the century, work towards applications of superconductive materials in power electric systems, sensors, and digital electronics finally seemed to be on track. This document provides an overview of superconductive principles, materials, and applications.

60. LANL | Partnering | User Facility Researchers at the facility conduct research and development on processes for fabrication of high temperature superconducting tapes, measurement of the physical and electronic properties of superconductors, and development and demonstration of applications using the superconductors. http://www.lanl.gov/orgs/tt/partnering/user_facility/facilities/stc.shtml

skip to: lanlbar menubar toolbar links ... JOBS Technology Transfer, TT Division Home About Us Organization Jobs ... TT Only CONTACTS User Facility Agreements Program Back to Facility Directory Separation Science and Technology User Facility Facility Description The High Temperature Superconductivity User Facility consists of 10,000 square feet of laboratories and offices in Building One of the Los Alamos Research Park. Research and development are conducted within this space on processes for fabrication of high temperature superconducting tapes, measurement of the physical and electronic properties of superconductors, and development and demonstration of applications using the superconductors. The STC is the newest of approximately 40 LANL User Facilities available for use by outside organizations. Users access the equipment in order to fabricate, calibrate, test, and evaluate products and processes. The user directs the activity described within the User Facility agreement for use of the DOE-approved facility and pays the full cost recovery for using the facility. Equipment Equipment is available to perform the following tasks: electropolish and clean metal tapes deposit thin films on moving tapes using ion beam assisted deposition, electron beam evaporation, and pulsed laser ablation

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