61. Invertebrates: Insects And Arachnids For The Hobbyist Articles and links related to insects, arachnids, and other invertebrates. http://www.herper.com/invertebrates.html

Arachnids Insects Myriapods Crustaceans ... Herper.com Blog Invertebrates have a long tradition in vivarium husbandry and amateur natural history. In recent years, we've seen a boom in species of arachnids, myriapods, insects, and other invertebrates available to hobbyists. Many enthusiasts incorporate insect and other macro photography, as they recognize the amazing colors and shapes found in their own backyards. Photos: Stock

62. What's That Bug? Insect Identification Information, user-contributed images, and identification help for insects and relatives of North America. http://www.whatsthatbug.com/

var blogUrl='http://www.whatsthatbug.com' Are we experts yet? Skip to content buglinks Comments and Questions (not bug identification) Login / Register ... Log In We Need Help with our July, August and September archives!!! We Need Help with our July, August and September archives!!! We Need Help with our July, August and September archives!!! Posted 18 hours ago October 31, 2010 A technical glitch wiped out all of the categories for the more than 900 posts we did in July, August and September (and part of October).  We could… Read More Bug of the Month November 2010: Wheel Bug Bug of the Month November 2010: Wheel Bug Bug of the Month November 2010: Wheel Bug Posted 1 day ago What is this bug Location: Pittsburgh, PA October 25, 2010 8:41 am It was outside our work. Looks prehistoric. any Giant Stink Bug? Location: Pittsburgh PA October 25, 2010 1:28 pm Hi, I took this photo yesterday (10/24/2010) of… Read More Spider Exhibit at Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Spider Exhibit at Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Spider Exhibit at Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Posted 17 days ago October 15, 2010

63. Invertebrates Arthropods Insects Arachnids - Dragonflies, Beetles, Butterflies, Photo gallery of European insects and arachnids. http://www.artstudios.de/invertebrates/

Invertebrata Invertebrates Wirbellose Bezobratlí Arthropoda Arthropods Gliederfüßer Členovci Insecta Insects Insekten Hmyz Odonata Dragonflies Libellen Vážky Anisoptera Dragonfly Großlibellen Šídla Anax imperator Libellula depressa Libellula quadrimaculata Gomphus vulgatissimus ... Aeshna cyanea Zygoptera Damselfly Kleinlibellen Motýlice Calopteryx splendens Calopteryx virgo Ischnura elegans Pyrrhosoma nymphula ... Dragonflies Coleoptera Beetles Käfer Brouci Agapanthia villosoviridescens Byctiscus betulae Chrysolina graminis Melasoma populi ... Pyrochroa coccinea Lepidoptera Schmetterlinge Motýli Anthocharis cardamines Cabera pusaria Euclidia glyphica Inachis io ... Platyptilia gonodactyla Diptera Zweiflügler Dvoukřídlí Bibio marci Bombylius major Drosophila funebris Pipunculus ... Tachina fera Hymenoptera Hautflügler Blanokřídlí Camponotus ligniperda Ammophila sabulosa Mecoptera Schnabelfliegen Srpice Panorpa communis Neuroptera Net-winged insects Netzflügler Síťokřídlí Nothochrysa fulviceps Megaloptera Großflügler Střechatky Sialis lutaria Ephemeroptera Mayflies Eintagsfliegen Jepice Ephemera danica Orthoptera Springschrecken Rovnokřídlí Leptophyes punctatissima Hemiptera Schnabelkerfe Gerris lacustris Coreus marginatus Graphosoma lineatum Palomena prasina ... Leptopterna dolobrata Arachnida Arachnids Spinnentiere Pavoukovci Cyclosa conica Lepthyphantes nebulosus Misumena vatia Pisaura mirabilis ... Dragonflies All photos for sale!

64. Brisbane Insects And Spiders Home Page Photos and notes on insects and spiders in Brisbane, Australia. http://www.brisbaneinsects.com/pchew_brisbane/

Home What's New More about Insects ... Wallpaper Brisbane Insects and Spiders Home Page Welcome to Brisbane Insects and Spiders home page. We are the Chew's family in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Our interest is to study the nature. We go to the bush on weekends to watch insects and spiders. We are not professionals. We recorded and commented on what we found. On the following pages, we are NOT going to tell you insects and spiders are different because they have six or eight legs, NOR the butterflies and moths are different because they have different antennae etc.. Instead, by discussions , we try to find out why there are differences. We try to find out more about Evolution Please proceed and look at our works. Don't forget to give us comments . If you have any question about insects or spiders, please email to us and we will try to find the answer. You may want to check our FAQ first. Might I humbly suggest you use a credit card or PayPal to donate for A$5 or whatever amount you choose. This help us to pay the Internet cost and improve our photography equipments. Thank you. We put all information of this Brisbane Insects and Spiders web site into one CD. There are the most updated Insects and Spiders information and large monitor screen wallpapers of Insects and Spiders.

65. Crustacea.net - Interactive Keys Provides an interactive information retrieval system for the world crustaceans. http://crustacea.net/

Home Introduction World Crustacea Abbreviations ... Australian Mysidacea database now available The new Australian version of the Mysidacea database is now available to view. An Australian Museum website

66. The Plankton Net Online Guide to Research in Plankton Ecology and Biological Oceanography http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/faculty/currie/ocean/

67. Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Describes common methods of introduction, with links to descriptions of species and US distribution maps. http://nas.er.usgs.gov/taxgroup/Crustaceans/

USGS Home Contact USGS Search USGS NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Home About NAS Staff FAQ ... Partners Products Powerpoints Posters Reports Plant Datbase Workshop USFWS Region 4 Report USFWS Region 5 Report Report A Species ... By e-mail Phone 877-STOP-ANS Alert System Browse Archive Flowchart-How It Works About ... By e-mail Phone 877-STOP-ANS NAS Database Text Queries Simple Advanced ... By e-mail Phone 877-STOP-ANS Data Entry (Internal) Taxa Information Plants Vertebrates ... Laws Crustaceans Crustaceans (Phylum Arthropoda, Class Crustacea) are found in marine, brackish and fresh waters. Common methods of introduction include ballast water discharge, intentional release as forage for sport fish, and accidental release from aquaculture facilities. Potential impacts include competition with, and predation on, native species. The opossum shrimp, Mysis relicta , was first introduced into Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, in 1949 and was widely stocked as a forage food for sport fish in the West. It is an opportunistic feeder with both predatorial and filter feeding habits. Dramatic changes in native zooplankton communities, including species extinctions, have been observed after opossum shrimp were introduced. After the introduction of the opossum shrimp into Flathead Lake, Montana, Daphnia longiremis and Leptodora kindti were reduced to undetectable levels while Diaptomus ashlandi declined more than 75% from previous levels.

68. Index To Crustaceans Of Southern Australia Guide to the diverse fauna of the Victorian coastline. http://museumvictoria.com.au/crust/

69. Copepod General Biology A brief article with diagrams, summarizing the taxonomy, anatomy and distribution of copepods. http://museumvictoria.com.au/crust/copbiol.html

MUSEUM VICTORIA MELBOURNE MUSEUM SCIENCEWORKS IMMIGRATION MUSEUM ... Distribution Anatomy A common feature uniting all the copepod orders is a single simple eye in the middle of the head, at least in the larval stage. The cephalosome , a shield over the head and some thoracic segments distinguishes the free living forms. Most are very small, less than 1 mm long, but rare oceanic species are over 1 centimetre. There are several different forms of copepods arranged into ten groups called orders. It is not a simple matter to distinguish the orders of copepods, and impossible without a good microscope. Few biologists attempt to identify copepods beyond the level of order but species diversity has been found by those that have to be very high. Most of the free-living species belong to only three orders. The rest are usually parasitic, some barely recognisable as crustaceans except when larvae. Biology Free-living copepods will be found only by towing very fine nets, certainly less than quarter-millimetre mesh, through a pond or sea-water, or by washing the fauna off marine algae through a net of this kind. Animals which may appear only as a tiny speck to the naked eye may be copepods but their identity demands most detailed microscopic examination of preserved specimens.

70. The World Of Copepods - Intro Provides a searchable database including a bibliography of sources. http://www.marinespecies.org/copepoda/

About Search Browse Bibliography ... Log in Current number of valid species: What is a copepod? The Subclass Copepoda traditionally comprises 10 Orders**: Calanoida Cyclopoida Gelyelloida Harpacticoida Misophrioida Monstrilloida Mormonilloida Platycopioida Poecilostomatoida Siphonostomatoida **There is uncertainty and scientific debate over the validity of some orders, in particular the Monstrilloida and Poecilostomatoida. The Class Branchiura comprises 1 Family (the Argulidae) and 4 valid genera: Argulus Chonopeltis Dipteropeltis Dolops NEW TAXONOMIC INFORMATION available (Nov 2009) Editorial board Editors T. Chad Walter Smithsonian Institution; Department of Invertebrate Zoology Museum Support Center, MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Road Suitland, MD 20746 USA Geoff Boxshall Natural History Museum; Department of Zoology Cromwell Road London, SW7 5BD, UK Associate Editors Family Oncaeidae Ruth Böttger-Schnack Moorsehdener Weg 8 24211 Rastorf-Rosenfeld, Germany Families Diaixidae, Parkiidae, Phaennidae, Scolecitrichidae and Tharybidae Frank D. Ferrari

71. Copepods Information regarding groundwater copepods, with particular reference to Italy, including checklists and links. http://www.luciopesce.net/gw/copepod.html

T he copepods are the largest and most diversified group of crustaceans. At present they include over 14.000 species, 2.280 genera and 210 families, a surely underestimated number, inhabiting sea and continental waters, semiterrestrial habitats, or living in symbiotic relationships with other organisms. They are considered the most plentful multicellular group on the earth, outnumbering even the insects, which include more species, but fewer individuals! Particularly, the copepods are the dominant forms of the marine plankton and constitute the secondary producers in the marine environments and a fundamental step in the trophodinamics of the oceans. D uring their long evolutionary history, starting in the Lower Cretaceous, copepods spread over all the continents, as well as they successfully colonized about all the available water habitats of the Planet, becoming well adapted or specialized to very different salinity regimes, from marine and hypersaline waters to continental freshwater bodies, and to a wide range of temperature from the polar to the hot springs waters. C N everthless, the astonishing success of this group of microcrustaceans is due to their symbiotic relationships with other organisms: in fact, they virtually can parasitize or be the intermediate hosts of all the animal groups, from sponges to vertebrates, including mammalians and man, and it is likely that the number of associated or parasitic taxa known today could represent only a small fraction of the living species, especially in marine waters. Copepods that parasitize fish skin and gills are serious pests of commercial importance in both marine and freshwater fish farms.

72. Kempf Database Ostracoda Indexes and bibliographies for living and fossil marine and nonmarine Ostracoda of the world. http://ostracoda-on.tripod.com/

Build your own FREE website at Tripod.com Share: Facebook Twitter Digg reddit document.write(lycos_ad['leaderboard']); document.write(lycos_ad['leaderboard2']); Last updated: October 2008 K EMPF D ATABASE O STRACODA FOSSIL AND LIVING OSTRACODA OF THE WORLD Welcome Publications New in 2008 New in 2004, 2006 ... Homepage Kempf Database Ostracoda W e l c o m e Welcome to the web page of the "Kempf Database Ostracoda". This database, until recently known mainly under the name "Cologne Database Ostracoda", is meanwhile in existence since more than 25 years. Aim of the database was and is to produce several kinds of novel works of reference in connection with bibliographies that lead to the whole literature on marine and nonmarine Ostracoda from 1758 onwards until nowadays. P u b l i c a t i o n s The works of reference produced by the "Kempf Database Ostracoda" are published in two series: "Index and Bibliography of Marine Ostracoda" and "Index and Bibliography of Nonmarine Ostracoda". Until now the following parts have appeared or are in preparation: INDEX AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MARINE OSTRACODA INDEX AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF NONMARINE OSTRACODA PART 1: INDEX A over 40,000 taxa

73. Cladocera - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Details of anatomy and taxonomy on this type of small crustacean. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladocera

Cladocera From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Cladocera Bythotrephes cederestroemii Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Crustacea Class: Branchiopoda Subclass: Phyllopoda Order: Cladocera Latreille Suborders Anomopoda Ctenopoda Onychopoda Haplopoda Cladocera or cladocerans are small crustaceans commonly called water fleas , part of the Class Branchiopoda . They form a monophyletic group , which is currently divided into four suborders families genera , and about 400 species . The most commonly known genus is Daphnia (freshwater water fleas ), which is the most researched in this group; Daphnia is commonly used to test the toxicity of chemicals in solution or for water pollution Contents Anatomy Taxonomy References External links ... edit Anatomy Cladoceran anatomy Thoracic appendages of a water flea Cladocera are free-swimming organisms, and most orientate themselves with dorsal side up. They have a two-valved carapace covering most of the body except the appendages . In some families, the carapace only covers the brood pouch area. The head is typically separated from the body by a deep indentation, but also may not be separated. It projects forward as a beak or

74. Arthropods - Life On Australian Seashores A guide to these marine organisms and their biology. http://www.mesa.edu.au/friends/seashores/arthropods.html

Arthropods The Phylum Arthropoda contains the Insects, Spiders, Scorpions, Harvestmen, Ticks and Mites, and the Crustaceans , which include the Barnacles Isopods and Decapod Crabs In this LOARS Web Resource we are only concerned with the Arthropods which are found between the tides on rocky ocean shores. One of the major classes within the Crustacean group is the Malacostracans . This group contains the lobsters, crabs and prawns. See the diagram above for the Malacostracan body parts. Arthropods are a massive group of animals and have many more varieties, or species, than all the other groups combined. It is believed that 75% of all animals are Arthropods. The name arthropod is made up from " arthro " meaning joint, and " pod " meaning leg. Arthropod legs are highly adapted for walking, swimming, feeding and gathering sensory information. Some arthropods, such as

75. Amphipod General Biology Includes illustrations of anatomy and photographs. http://museumvictoria.com.au/crust/amphbiol.html

MUSEUM VICTORIA MELBOURNE MUSEUM SCIENCEWORKS IMMIGRATION MUSEUM ... Distribution Anatomy Two very different body shapes of amphipods are found in shallow marine environments, one long and skinny (skeleton shrimps or Caprellidea), the other compact (Gammaridea). In general gammarideans are flattened from side to side, but more accurately they are defined by the presence of three pairs of uropods (tail-limbs) and usually by having the first two pairs of legs modified to help with grasping food. There is no carapace; seven thoracic and six abdominal segments are visible. The head carries two pairs of antennae, the eyes which are not on stalks, and the mouthparts. Amphipods have seven pairs of walking legs of which the first four reach forward, and the fifth to seventh reach backwards. The abdomen is divided into two parts, three segments with brush-like limbs and three with short immobile rod-like uropods. Reproduction In some species of Amphipoda male sexual maturity is expressed by the development of bulging eyes and chemical receptors on the antennae. At this stage the amphipod is called a swimming male and he actively searches for a mate. During reproduction, the male amphipod carries the smaller female grasped between its legs, a condition known as amplexus. These mating amphipods can be seen swimming together in rockpools. The sperm are transferred from the male to the female genital duct. The female releases the eggs into a ventral brood chamber where they are incubated during development. The eggs are not attached (as in a crab) but are free in a space enclosed by extra branches of the walking legs. Unlike crabs and shrimps amphipods are not released as zoea that develop into adults after stages of metamorphosis. Instead when released they look very much like their parents. Some species show parental care of their young after they leave the brood chamber.

76. Australian Amphipoda: Families Introduction to these crustaceans with monographs and interactive keys to many of the families. http://www.crustacea.net/crustace/amphipoda/

Home Introduction World Crustacea Amphipoda ... Workshops Amphipoda: Families J.K. Lowry and R.T. Springthorpe Division of Invertebrate Zoology The Australian Museum 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia Phone: 612 9320 6260 Fax: 612 9320 6050 Email: jimlowry@crustacea.net rogers@austmus.gov.au Monographs and Interactive Keys Introduction Amphipods are extremly diverse, abundant and widespread crustaceans. They are found in nearly all marine and freshwater habitats. They are paticularly important as herbivores, detritivores, micropredators and scavengers in marine environments and they are almost always an important component of marine and freshwater environmental surveys. For these reasons and many others it is important to be able to identify amphipods. This has always been a problem for non-amphipod specialists because they are usually small, they all "look alike" and they often need to be dissected to be identified. Consequently they are often referred to in published ecological studies and environmental surveys as Amphipods or gammaridean Amphipods. These keys make minimal use of mouthparts for identification purposes and they should almost never have to be used. This means that dissection is minimal and may be confined to taking off the head to get a better look at the anteroventral corner, taking off an anterior leg to see it chelation or a urosome to evaluate the cleftness of the telson.

77. Heartbeat Of Crayfish of the mechanism of the crayfish heartbeat....... http://www.gsu.edu/~bioasx/zindex.htm

Welcome to Akira Sakurai's Home page (1998-2000) Dr. Jerrel L. Wilkens Lab, Dept. of Biological Sciences Univ. of Calgary, CANADA Heartbeat of crayfish In crayfish, the heart is located under the dorsal carapace of the thorax, suspended in the pericardial cavity by several ligaments. The heartbeat is neurogenic: The rhythm is determined by simple neural circuit in the heart called cardiac ganglion Research topicS Physiology of cardiac muscle There are at least three types of muscles in crustacean hearts. The cardiac muscle , the ostium muscle and the muscles of cardio-arterial valves. Ostium ( pl. ostia) is a valvular opening on heart wall, from which blood (hemolymph) flows into the heart... Chronic recording of cardio- regulation in free-living crayfish There are only a pair of cardio-inhibitory nerves and a pair of cardio-acceleratory nerves projecting out from the CNS to the heart. The heartbeat is always under control by these nerves and hormones. Go to Funa-mushi Shore Links Crustacean Neuroscience Say anything to Akira Sakurai! Background crawfishes drawn by TL Brenner Last updated: Apr. 6, 99

78. North American Millipede Photographs and information on this arthropod. http://fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/north_american_millipede.htm

North American Millipede Narceus americana North American Millipedes are one of many species of millipedes in our area. This species grows quite large, over three inches long. They have rounded, segmented bodies and many legs. They are usually black, with pink, purple, or yellow on the edges of segments. Each segment of the millipede has four legs (two pair), except for the first three segments, which only have two legs (one pair). Despite all their legs, millipedes move very slowly. Millipedes have one pair of short antennae North American Millipedes live in woods and fields, anywhere there is darkness and moisture. They are usually found underneath logs or dead leaves. http://www.oxygengroup.com/ Mark Moran Millipedes eat dead and decaying plant matter , such as old leaves, stems, and flowers. They also eat fungi that is on the plant matter, and sometimes they eat partly decayed animals, such as earthworms, snails, and insects. Millipedes are very important, because they help put nutrients back in the soil for plants and other organisms to use.

79. Redirect Page Brief profile of species biology and ongoing research, with a photo. http://marylandfisheries.fws.gov/horseshoe_crab.htm

80. Horseshoe Crab Photographs and information on the biology and mating behavior of these creatures which are not closely related to true crabs. http://www.assateague.com/horsesho.html

The Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus) Although horseshoe crabs look dangerous, they are not. And they are really not crabs at all; they are distant relatives of the spider and are probably descended from the ancient order Eurypterida Like the Atlantic moon snail , the lightning whelk , the knobbed whelk , and the channeled whelk , they feed on clams; they also include worms and other invertebrates in their diet. The horseshoe crab places a clam near its mouth (third photo down on left) in the center of its underside where its legs are attached and grinds and crushes with the burr-like sections of the legs. The first four of the five pairs of legs are used for walking, while the last pair, located near the gills (lowest photo on left side), have leaf-like flaps that are used for pushing. (The small pincers on the last pair are also used for cleaning the gills in the abdomen.) Males can be distinguished by the first pair of legs which are heavier than those of the female. The spike-like tail serves as a rudder, and, if the crab is flipped upside down, it may bend its abdomen at the point where it joins the main shell (carapace) and dig into the sand with the tail to support itself while it turns over.

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