1. Binary Star - Simple English Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Binary stars are not the same as double stars, which look close together but are not connected by gravity. Double stars may actually be far apart in space, but binary stars are http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_stars

Binary star From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Binary stars Jump to: navigation search A binary star and a graph of its intensity. A binary star is two stars which orbit around each other. For each star, the other is its companion star . Many stars are part of a system with two or more stars. Binary stars are important in astrophysics because looking at their orbits allows scientists to find out their masses . This information can be used to learn the masses of individual stars. Binary stars are not the same as line-of-sight apparent double stars , which look close together but are not connected by gravity . Double stars may actually be far apart in space, but binary stars are quite close together. The first person to discover and prove true binary stars was the Anglo-German astronomer William Herschel . He published the first catalogue of binary stars, and his son John Herschel found several thousand more and updated the catalogue. Some binary stars can be seen as two separate stars by people with good eyesight— Mizar and Alcor in the handle of the Big Dipper (called "The Plough" in some countries) are an example a visual binary where the individual stars are visible. Other binary stars are so close together that

2. Binary Stars - Definition A binary star system consists of two stars both orbiting around their barycenter. The term binary star was apparently first coined by Sir William Herschel in 1802 to http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Binary_stars

Binary stars - Definition A binary star system consists of two stars both orbiting around their barycenter The term "binary star" was apparently first coined by Sir William Herschel in to designate "a real double star gravity . Although occasionally the individual stars that compose a binary star can be distinguished, they generally appear as one star. The gravitational pull between the individual stars of a binary star causes each to orbit around the other. From the orbital pattern of a binary, the mass of its stars can be determined: the gravitational pull of a star is in direct proportion to its mass, and the strength of the gravitational force of one star on another determines the orbital pattern of the binary. Scientists have discovered stars that seem to orbit around an empty space. It has been suggested that such a star and the empty space really composed a binary star. The empty space is known as a ' black hole ', a star with such strong gravitational force that no light is able to get out. Because a majority of stars exist in binary systems, binaries are particularly important to our understanding of the processes by which stars form. In particular, the period and masses of the binary tell us about the amount of

3. APOD Index - Stars: Binary Stars Editor's choices for the most educational Astronomy Pictures of the Day about binary stars APOD 1999 December 19 – Accretion Disk Binary System http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/binary_stars.html

Astronomy Picture of the Day Index - Stars: Binary Stars Today's APOD Title Search Text Search Editor's choices for the most educational Astronomy Pictures of the Day about binary stars: APOD: 1999 December 19 – Accretion Disk Binary System Explanation: Our Sun is unusual in that it is alone - most stars occur in multiple or binary systems . In a binary system, the higher mass star will evolve faster and will eventually become a compact object - either a white dwarf star, a neutron star , or black hole . When the lower mass star later evolves into an expansion phase, it may be so close to the compact star that its outer atmosphere actually falls onto the compact star. Such is the case diagrammed above. Here gas from a blue giant star is shown being stripped away into an accretion disk around its compact binary companion. Gas in the accretion disk swirls around, heats up, and eventually falls onto the compact star. Extreme conditions frequently occur on the surface of the compact star as gas falls in, many times causing detectable X-rays gamma-rays , or even cataclysmic novae explosions. Studying the extreme conditions in these systems tells us about the inner properties of ordinary matter around us.

4. Educational Observatory - Binary Stars Educational Obervatory Institute Astronomy Resources Binary Stars from Eric Weisstein's World of Astronomy. Eclipsing Binary Stars - What are Binary Stars? http://www.edu-observatory.org/eo/binary_stars.html

Binary Stars What are the differeces between double stars variable stars and binary stars Books Astronomy Picture of the Day News ... Eclipsing Binary Stars - What are Binary Stars? Most stars are found in groups of stars that are gravitationally bound with each other. The majority of these stars are found in binary systems which are systems of two stars in orbit around a common center of mass. One can classify binary stars based on their appearance from earth. Stars that are far enough apart to be distinguished from each other are known as visual binaries. Other binaries are too close and far away to be seen separately but can distinguished using the doppler shift of their spectra. These are spectroscopic binaries. Fix: Chapter 21 Binary Star Systems Interactive Star Atlas Object Catalogues: Named Stars Object Catalogues: Navigation Stars ... The Formation of Binary Stars - Recent observational investigations of the frequency of occurrence of pre-main-sequence binary stars have reinforced earlier suspicions that "binary formation is the primary branch of the star-formation process". A number of different theories have been proposed to explain the preponderance of binary stars. Klein et al.

5. X-ray Binary Stars - Introduction This site is intended for students age 14 and up, and for anyone interested in learning about our universe. http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/binary_stars.html

What's New Site Map NASA Homepage Search: ... Science Current Page Additional Links "Quiz Me!" about this topic! Cool Fact about this topic! Try This! FAQs on Binary Star Systems ... Give Me additional resources! Related Topics White Dwarfs Neutron Stars Black Holes For Educators Show me related lesson plans Animation of an X-ray Binary System X-ray Binary Stars What is a Binary Star System? Binary star systems contain two stars that orbit around their common center of mass . Many of the stars in our Galaxy are part of a binary system X-ray Binaries A special class of binary stars is the X-ray binaries, so-called because they emit X-rays . X-ray binaries are made up of a normal star and a collapsed star (a white dwarf neutron star , or black hole ). These pairs of stars produce X-rays if the stars are close enough together that material is pulled off the normal star by the gravity of the dense, collapsed star. The X-rays come from the area around the collapsed star where the material that is falling toward it is heated to very high temperatures (over a million degrees!). Show Me a Movie about X-ray Binaries!

6. Lesson Plans: Time That Period! (Information About Binary Stars) This site is intended for students age 14 and up, and for anyone interested in learning about our universe. http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lessons/time/binary_stars.html

What's New Site Map NASA Homepage Search: ... Lesson Plans Current page Binary Stars About half of the stars visible in the night sky are actually multiple star systems or double stars. The gravitational force between the two stars in a binary system keeps them in orbit about each other. Our star "The Sun" is not in a binary system, although it is considered to be a typical single star. The next nearest star is Alpha Centauri which is 3 x 10 kilometers away. When astronomers can actually see the two stars orbiting each other, the binary is called a visual binary (see below). This binary system is Kruger 60 in the constellation Cepheus and has an orbital period of 44.5 years. In most binary systems, both stars follow an elliptical orbit about their common center of mass Below is an illustration of a model of the elliptical pattern of a binary system. Remember, this is just a sample model, it is not the only model. Nevertheless, it sure seems to illustrate our point! After many years of patient observation, astronomers can plot the orbits of the stars in a visual binary (see below). As you can see, an astronomer has drawn the orbit of one star with respect to the other. This illustration shows the orbit of a faint visual double star in the constellation Ophiucus.

7. Category:Binary Stars - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The main article for this category is Binary star http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Binary_stars

Category:Binary stars From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search The main article for this category is Binary star Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Binary stars v d e ... systems Bound Galaxy Dwarf galaxy Globular cluster Open cluster ... Multiple star system Unbound Stellar stream Stellar association Moving group Runaway star ... Hypervelocity star Visual grouping Double star Multiple star Constellation Asterism ... Star cloud (previous 200) ( next 200 Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 11 total. A Astrometric binaries (4 P) C Cataclysmic variables (7 C, 1 P) Common envelope binaries (1 C, 1 P) D Detached binaries (1 P) E Eclipsing binaries (3 C, 61 P) Pages in category "Binary stars" The following 195 pages are in this category, out of 394 total. This list may not reflect recent changes ( learn more Binary star Binary system (astronomy) Visual binary ... 94 Ceti A NGC 3603-A1 ADS 16402 AT Microscopii Albireo ... Antares B B Velorum B Velorum (supergiant) BG Geminorum Beta Aquilae ... Beta Delphini B cont. Beta Draconis Beta Herculis Beta Leonis Minoris Beta Lyrae ... Beta Tucanae C Common envelope C Carinae CM Draconis CS Camelopardalis ... Cygnus X-2 D Delta Antliae Delta Aquilae Delta Boötis Delta Cephei ... Delta Virginis E EX Hydrae Epsilon Aquilae Epsilon Boötis Epsilon Canis Majoris ... Eta Serpentis F Feige 55 G G Canis Minoris GJ 3021 GRO J1655-40 GSC 02620-00648 ... Gamma Delphini (previous 200) ( next 200 Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Binary_stars

8. SPACE.com -- Planets With Two Suns Likely Common So we carefully eliminated all binary stars from our sample. But planets may be just as likely around binaries as around single stars. Recent numerical simulations have shown http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/050517_binary_stars.html

ArticleID = '42897394cfdba'; ArticleTitle = 'Planets with Two Suns Likely Common'; section = 'news'; News Space Flight Science Technology ... adult cam live advertisement SkyVoyager ™ 4-DVD Gift Set Four dramas of the universe brought to you with heart-pounding realism. spacecom:http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/050517_binary_stars.html Planets with Two Suns Likely Common By Michael Schirber Staff Writer posted: 17 May 2005 05:47 am ET In the Star Wars saga, the Skywalker clan has its roots on Tatooine - a desert-covered planet revolving around two suns. A theoretical investigation has explored the likelihood for worlds like this to exist. And it looks like the nearest Tatooine may be closer than a galaxy far, far away. That's because more than half of the stars in our galaxy have a stellar companion. And yet, of the 130 or so currently known exoplanets (none of which are Earth-like), only about 20 of them are around so-called binaries . The percentage may grow higher. The current ratio is affected by an observational bias: planet hunters tend to avoid binaries because the star-star interactions can hide the planet signatures. Scientists discussed the issue earlier this month at a gathering of exoplanet hunters at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore.

9. Binary Stars - Conservapedia A binary star is actually a name for a star system that is made up of two or more stars that orbit a common center of mass. The brightest star of a binary pair is called the http://www.conservapedia.com/Binary_stars

Binary stars From Conservapedia Jump to: navigation search Acrux , one of the first stars identified as a binary pair in 1650. A binary star is actually a name for a star system that is made up of two or more stars that orbit a common center of mass. The brightest star of a binary pair is called the primary , while the other star is called companion , or secondary In astrophysics, binary stars easily allow for the calculation of mass of the individual stars. This is done though using their mutual orbit to precisely calculate the mass of the individual stars through Newtonian calculations. Through this, the radius and density of the individual stars can be calculated indirectly. This collected data from various binary stars also allow the calculation of mass for similar single stars through extrapolation. It is estimated that a third of the stars in our galaxy are binary and multiple star systems. Contents Classification Eclipsing Binaries Visual Binaries Spectroscopic Binaries ... References Classification Example of an eclipsing binary, demonstrating the change in apparent magnitude as seen from an observer. Binary stars are classified by the method of observation used to discover them. These include eclipsing, visual, spectroscopic, and astrometric binaries.

10. THE FORMATION OF BINARY STARS Recent observational investigations of the frequency of occurrence of pre-main-sequence binary stars have reinforced earlier suspicions that binary formation is the primary branch of the star-formation process http://www.phys.lsu.edu/astro/nap98/bf.final.html

THE FORMATION OF COMMON-ENVELOPE, PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE BINARY STARS J.E. TOHLINE , J.E. CAZES, AND H.S. COHL Louisiana State University , 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001 U.S.A. 1. Introduction Recent observational investigations of the frequency of occurrence of pre-main-sequence binary stars have reinforced earlier suspicions that ''binary formation is the primary branch of the star-formation process'' ( Mathieu 1994 ). As Bodenheimer et al. have reviewed, a number of different theories have been proposed to explain the preponderance of binary stars. Klein et al. show how the direct fragmentation of protostellar gas clouds may occur in early phases of collapse (at cloud densities n = 10 cm ). But at higher densities, clouds are unable to cool efficiently upon contraction. Consequently, direct fragmentation becomes problematical. Because higher mean densities are associated with systems having shorter dynamical times, one is led to consider mechanisms other than direct cloud fragmentation for forming binary systems with orbital periods less than a few hundred years. Here we investigate whether such binaries can form by spontaneous fission of rapidly rotating protostars. 2. The Classical Fission Hypothesis

11. Interacting Binary Stars Nice click-through tour with some great animations about some of the complexities of Binary Systems. http://wonka.physics.ncsu.edu/~blondin/AAS/

HYDRODYNAMICS ON SUPERCOMPUTERS: INTERACTING BINARY STARS John M. Blondin North Carolina State University

12. Binary Star - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Semidetached binary stars are binary stars where one of the components fills the binary star's Roche lobe and the other does not. Gas from the surface of the Roche lobe filling http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_star

Binary star From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search For the band, see Binary Star (band) Hubble image of the Sirius binary system, in which Sirius B can be clearly distinguished (lower left) A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common center of mass . The brighter star is called the primary and the other is its companion star comes or secondary . Research between the early 19th century and today suggests that many stars are part of either binary star systems or star systems with more than two stars, called multiple star systems . The term double star may be used synonymously with binary star , but more generally, a double star may be either a binary star or an optical double star which consists of two stars with no physical connection but which appear close together in the sky as seen from the Earth . A double star may be determined to be optical if its components have sufficiently different proper motions or radial velocities , or if parallax measurements reveal its two components to be at sufficiently different distances from the Earth. Most known double stars have not yet been determined to be either bound binary star systems or optical doubles. Binary star systems are very important in astrophysics because calculations of their orbits allow the masses of their component stars to be directly determined, which in turn allows other stellar parameters, such as radius and density, to be indirectly estimated. This also determines an empirical mass-luminosity relationship (MLR) from which the masses of single stars can be estimated.

13. Binary Stars - Definition Of Binary Stars By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaur This discovery could also help to shed light on how binary stars (about half of all known stars) are formed and how their rotation and orbits evolve over time. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Binary stars

14. Eclipsing Binary Stars Information on binary stars and links to online articles. http://www.physics.sfasu.edu/astro/binstar.html

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15. Binary Stars Binary Stars A binary star system consists of two stars which orbit around a common point, called the center of mass following Kepler's Laws. Visual binaries are systems in http://www.uark.edu/misc/clacy/BinaryStars/

Binary Stars free astronomy software for Macintosh computers, complete with manuals teaches binary star concepts may be used in a classroom or lab setting, or for self-education for Windows operating systems, try the CLEA web site for educational astronomy software see also Dan Bruton's Eclipsing Binary Stars web site for observational lab exercises, see the URSA web site System Requirements: Any Macintosh, iMac, G3, G4, or other PowerMac computer running System 7.1 to 9.2 (Classic Systems), or OS X running the Classic Environment, or OS X version 10.4 or greater. Adobe Acrobat Reader (free) for the manuals A printer may be needed in a lab setting Click below to read a brief program description Click below to download the free software now for the Classic Environment only Dates of Minima Binary Star Transit Click here to download ALL the software for Mac OS X (10.4 or greater). ... Click here for some interesting Eclipsing Binary Star Facts. About the Author: Claud H. Sandberg Lacy

16. Visual Binaries Some binary systems are sufficiently close to Earth and the stars are well enough separated that we can see the two stars individually in a telescope and track their motion over a http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr162/lect/binaries/visual.html

Visual Binaries The Castor binary system Some binary systems are sufficiently close to Earth and the stars are well enough separated that we can see the two stars individually in a telescope and track their motion over a period of time. We term such systems visual binaries Example: The Castor System The adjacent image shows one example, the star Castor, which is actually a visual binary as observed through a telescope (it was the first binary discovered, by Herschell in 1790). In this case the plot is of the orbit of one star relative to the other and the year of the observation is given at the corresponding point on the orbit. Orbits for Binary Systems In reality, binary star systems are governed by Kepler's laws, as modified by Newton to account for the effect of the center of mass. Then each star executes an elliptical orbit such that at any instant the two stars are on opposite sides of the center of mass. The orbits generally are as depicted in the following figure. Orbits for binary star systems Sirius and Companion The Sirius Binary System An example is shown in the image to the left of the Sirius binary star system, which consists of a more normal

17. HR Diagram A single introductory astronomy lecture on Binary Stars, including several useful diagrams. http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/ast122/lectures/lec11.html

Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram In 1905, Danish astronomer Einar Hertzsprung, and independently American astronomer Henry Norris Russell, noticed that the luminosity of stars decreased from spectral type O to M. They developed the technique of plotting absolute magnitude for a star versus its spectral type to look for families of stellar type. These diagrams, called the Hertzsprung-Russell or HR diagrams, plot luminosity in solar units on the Y axis and stellar temperature on the X axis, as shown below. Notice that the scales are not linear. Hot stars inhabit the left hand side of the diagram, cool stars the right hand side. Bright stars at the top, faint stars at the bottom. Our Sun is a fairly average star and sits near the middle. A plot of the nearest stars on the HR diagram is shown below: Most stars in the solar neighborhood are fainter and cooler than the Sun. There are also a handful of stars which are red and very bright (called red supergiants) and a few stars that are hot, but very faint (called white dwarfs). We will see in a later lecture that stars begin their life on the main sequence then evolve to different parts of the HR diagram. Most of the stars in the above diagram fall on a curve that we call the main sequence. This is a region where most normal stars occur. Normal, in astronomy terms, means that they are young (a few billion years old) and burning hydrogen in their cores. As time goes on, star change or evolve as the phyisics in their cores change. But for most of the lifetime of a star it sits somewhere on the main sequence.

18. Binary Stars forums.cpututorials.com http://binarystars.com/

forums.cpututorials.com forums.cpututorials.com

19. Science > Astronomy > Stars > Binary Stars An Interacting binary star occurs as nature and severity of double star in which one or even even two of the component stars has filled or exceeded its Roche lobe. http://binary-stars.generalanswers.org/

Home Science Astronomy Stars An Interacting binary star a most common nature and severity of interacting binary star is of these where one of a components occurs as compact object which is swell in its Roche lobe, when the more is an evolved giant star. Whenever a compact object occurs as white dwarf, then accretion of material from either a evolved star onto a white dwarf's surface might effect within its mass increasing to beyond a Chandrasekhar limit. This can lead to runaway thermonuclear reactions and the massive explosion of the star inside a Type I supernova. The Formation of Binary Stars Recent observational investigations of the frequency of occurrence of pre-main-sequence binary stars have reinforced earlier suspicions that binary formation is the primary branch of the star-formation process Interacting Binary Stars Nice click-through tour with some great animations about some of the complexities of Binary Systems. Eclipsing Binary Stars Information on binary stars and links to online articles. International Astronomical Union Organization based in Hungary that studies binary stars.

20. Binary Stars Binary Stars Planet's revolve around stars because of gravity. However, gravity is not restricted to between large and small bodies, stars can revolve around stars as well. http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/ast122/lectures/lec10.html

Binary Stars Planet's revolve around stars because of gravity. However, gravity is not restricted to between large and small bodies, stars can revolve around stars as well. In fact, 85% of the stars in the Milky Way galaxy are not single stars, like the Sun, but multiple star systems, binaries or triplets. If two stars orbit each other at large separations, they evolve independently and are called a wide pair . If the two stars are close enough to transfer matter by tidal forces, then they are called a close or contact pair Binary stars obey Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, of which there are three. 1st law (law of elliptic orbits): Each star or planet moves in an elliptical orbit with the center of mass at one focus. Ellipses that are highly flattened are called highly eccentric. Ellipses that are close to a circle have low eccentricity. 2nd law (law of equal areas): a line between one star and the other (called the radius vector) sweeps out equal areas in equal times This law means that objects travel fastest at the low point of their orbits, and travel slowest at the high point of their orbits. 3rd law (law of harmonics): The square of a star or planet's orbital period is proportional to its mean distance from the center of mass cubed It is this last law that allows us to determine the mass of the binary star system (note only the sum of the two masses, see previous lecture).

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