1. Nearctica - Ecology - Biogeography Introduction to biogeography with extensive links. http://www.nearctica.com/ecology/habitats/biogeo.htm

Biogeography Special Segments Butterflies of North America Conifers of North America Eastern Birds List of N.A. Insects Home Eastern Wildflowers General Topics Natural History Ecology Family Environment Evolution Home Education Home Conservation Geophysics Paleontology Commercial Organizations Buy Books on Biogeography Biogeography is the study of the distributions of plants and animals over the surface of the Earth in both space and time. The spatial component of biogeography attempts to describe and explain the distributions of one or more species over the world. Biogeography may also try to elucidate the changing distributions of organisms over time, either in the short term or over geological time. The political and economic importance of biogeography can be very great indeed. Species and ecosystem distributions need to be considered in making any land management or conservation decisions. Biogeography has many modes. Biogeography can be purely descriptive describing the distributions of particular species or habitats (ecosystems). These species or ecosystems mappings are very important from a conservation and land management viewpoint and also provide basic biological information crucial to all of the natural sciences.

2. Biogeography Lectures notes on biogeography by David A. Fitch of New York University. http://www.nyu.edu/projects/fitch/courses/evolution/html/biogeography.html

David H.A. Fitch Click on the topic you would like to review: Lecture notes Major types of biogeographic distributions Historical causes of disjunct biogeographic distributions Evidence for historical biogeography ... Exercises Lecture notes Biogeography: Analysis of spatial distributions of organisms I. Major types of biogeographic distributions A. Cosmopolitan (not necessarily entirely cosmopolitan): e.g., Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, common rock pigeon B. Endemic : restricted to particular regions 1. Alfred Russell Wallace (and other early biogeographers) realized that many endemic taxa had approximately congruent distributions (e.g., in particular regions of Indonesia), forming "Biogeographic Realms" 2. Although a particular type of habitat might occur in several widely scattered places throughout the world, species in one habitat are more closely related to nearby species in other habitats than to species in the same habitat elsewhere (in other realms) 3. Despite this, species in corresponding habitats often have convergently similar adaptations C.

3. UCSB Biogeography Lab Since 1991 the biogeography Lab has conducted research on the ecology, distribution and conservation of species and ecosystems using field http://www.biogeog.ucsb.edu/

What's New NSF Award: Spatially-explicit Life Cycle Assessment Tools Biofuels and Biodiversity in California NPS Natural Resource Condition Assessment ... Coupling LCA and GIS for biodiversity assessments of biofuel production Research Landscape Ecology Conservation Planning Publications People ... ICESS Since 1991 the Biogeography Lab has conducted research on the ecology, distribution and conservation of species and ecosystems using field studies, geographic information systems and remote sensing. Through our research we help planners and resource managers protect, manage and restore productive and diverse ecosystems in California, the U.S. and internationally. The Lab is directed by Frank Davis and managed by David Stoms Email stoms@bren.ucsb.edu

4. IBS: Do Microorganisms Have Biogeography? Blog post explaining a theory that microorganisms, including many tardigrades, disperse around the world. http://biogeography.blogspot.com/2008/08/do-microorganisms-have-biogeography.htm

Tuesday, August 19, 2008 Do microorganisms have biogeography? Diego Fontaneto Imperial College London Division of Biology ... Silwood Park e-mail: d.fontaneto(at)imperial.ac.uk Joaquín Hortal NERC Centre for Population Biology Imperial College London ... Silwood Park e-mail: j.hortal(at)imperial.ac.uk Diego Fontaneto (right) and Joaquín Hortal (left) Zoologists and botanists look to exotic places in order to find interesting new species and higher taxa. Over the last few centuries, scientific expeditions in remote places have indeed discovered new species and even higher taxa of limited distribution. Such discoveries still occur in recent years. The new insect order Mantophasmatodea in Namibia and Tanzania (Klass et al., 2002) was only known from fossil specimens in amber (Arillo et al., 1997). Even recently the new rodent species Laonastes aenigmamus Hypsibius dujardini (phylum Tardigrada). Picture by Willow Gabriel and Bob Goldstein / Public Domain. Source: http://tardigrades.bio.unc.edu/ Chaetonotus sp. (phylum Gastrotricha). Picture by M.A.Todaro. Source:

5. Biogeography - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia biogeography is the study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally. Over areal ecological changes, it is also tied to the concepts of species and their past, or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogeography

Biogeography From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species spatially and temporally. Over areal ecological changes, it is also tied to the concepts of species and their past, or present living ' refugium ', their survival locales, or their interim living sites. It aims to reveal where organisms live, and at what abundance. As writer David Quammen put it, "...biogeography does more than ask Which species? and Where . It also asks Why? and, what is sometimes more crucial, Why not? The patterns of species distribution across geographical areas can usually be explained through a combination of historical factors such as speciation extinction continental drift glaciation (and associated variations in sea level , river routes, and so on), and river capture , in combination with the area and isolation of landmasses (geographic constraints) and available energy supplies. Modern biogeography often employs the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to understand the factors affecting organism distribution, and to predict future trends in organism distribution. Often mathematical models and GIS are employed to solve ecological problems that have a spatial aspect to them.

6. Evolution - A-Z - Biogeography biogeography is the science that seeks to explain the distribution of species, and higher taxa, on the surface of the Earth. The geographic distributions of species can be of a http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ridley/a-z/Biogeography.asp

7. The International Biogeography Society An international and interdisciplinary society contributing to the advancement of all studies of the geography of nature. http://biogeography.org/

HOME ABOUT IBS MEMBERSHIP RESOURCES ... CONTACT US TODAY IS: document.write(doClock("M0","%20","D0",",%20","Y0")); Help support the mission of this society to foster communication and collaboration between biogeographers in disparate academic fields, increase both the awareness and interests of the scientific... Learn more... University of Missouri - St. Louis ... Northeastern Illionois University ... Ecography Student Awards will cover registration and workshop costs for up to 15 students. See more details on the meeting pages. EcoHealth special feature on the biogeography of disease: arising from 2009 IBS symposium organized by Sam Scheiner and Kate Smith is now published www.springerlink.com/content/1612-9202/6/4/ Ecography Special Issue: International Biogeography Society, 4th biennial meeting A special issue illustrating the diversity of biogeographical research in the 21st century Follow the 'Meetings' link at the top of the page for more information, including the new conference venue 2nd World Conference on Biological Invasions and Ecosystem Functioning. Mar del Plata, Argentina, November 21-24, 2011 ...

8. Biogeography - Encyclopedia Article - Citizendium This is a draft article, under development and not meant to be cited; you can help to improve it. These unapproved articles are subject to a disclaimer. http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Biogeography

Citizendium is governed by a Charter with Representatives Biogeography From Citizendium, the Citizens' Compendium Jump to: navigation search addthis_pub = 'citizendium'; addthis_logo = ''; addthis_logo_color = ''; addthis_logo_background = ''; addthis_brand = 'Citizendium'; addthis_options = ''; addthis_offset_top = ''; addthis_offset_left = ''; Main Article Talk Related Articles Bibliography External Links This is a draft article , under development and not meant to be cited; you can help to improve it. These unapproved articles are subject to edit intro Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time . It aims to reveal where organisms live, at what abundance, and why. The patterns of species distribution at this level can usually be explained through a combination of historical factors such as speciation extinction continental drift glaciation (and associated variations in sea level , river routes, and so on), and river capture , in combination with the area and isolation of landmasses (geographic constraints) and available energy supplies. Contents History Classification See also References ... Major journals History The theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alfred Russel Wallace and other early evolutionary scientists. Wallace studied the distribution of flora and fauna in the Malay Archipelago in the

9. Biogeography - An Overview Of Biogeography An overview of biogeography, the geographic distribution of plants and animals over the surface of the earth. This article is part of the expert Geography site at About.com http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/biogeography.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zGCID=this.zGCID?zGCID+" test11":" test11" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Education Geography Geography Search Geography What Is Geography? Maps Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Geography Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum Biogeography An Overview and History of the Study of Biogeography From Amanda Briney, Contributing Writer See More About: biosphere biogeography physical geography African Elephants in grasslands of Lewa Conservancy, Kenya, Africa. VisionsofAmerica/Joe Sohm/Getty Images zSB(3,3) Biogeography is a branch of geography that studies the past and present distribution of the world's many species. It is usually considered to be a part of physical geography as it often relates to the examination of the physical environment and how it affects species and shaped their distribution across space. As such it studies the world's biomes and taxonomy - the naming of species. In addition, biogeography has strong ties to biology, ecology, evolution studies, climatology, and soil science. History of Biogeography The study of biogeography gained popularity with the work of Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-to-late 19th Century. Wallace, originally from England, was a naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, and biologist. He first extensively studied the

10. Glossary For Biogeography Terms arranged according to various subject categories including general biogeography, ecology, evolution, landscape ecology and taxonomy maintained by Radford University. http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/glossary.html

Physical Geography Working Group The Virtual Geography Department Radford Geography Department Radford University Glossary for Biogeography NOTE: Terms are arranged according to the following subject categories: biogeography, ecology, evolution, landscape ecology, and taxonomy. This should not be taken to mean that any term is limited in use or definition to a particular discipline; the arrangement is a pedagogical device to help the beginning student in biogeography to make associations among various words and processes. Each term also may be accessed through the index at the end of this document. Biogeographic terminology Alien: a non-native species, especially one introduced to some part of the world through human action. Altitudinal zonation: the sorting of plant and animal species according to elevation in response to differences in temperature and precipitation patterns. Biogeography: the science that studies the distribution of life, past and present. Colonization: the establishment of a population in a place formerly unoccupied by that species. Colonization implies successful reproduction in the new area, not simply the presence of a species there. Dispersal: the transport of propagules beyond the limits of a species' distribution area Distribution area: the geographic range of a taxon.

11. Early Classics In Biogeography, Distribution, And Diversity Studies: To 1950 A bibliography of historical sources in biogeography and related fields, with links to biographical information and the full text of many of the sources. http://www.wku.edu/~smithch/biogeog/

Charles H. Smith, Ph.D. SEARCH / THESAURUS feature RELATED LINKS A B ... P Q R S T U V W X Y Z biogeography: Early Classics in Biogeography, Distribution, and Diversity Studies: To 1950 Early Classics in Biogeography, Distribution, and Diversity Studies: To 1950 is a bibliography and full-text archive designed as a service to advanced students and researchers engaged in work in biogeography, biodiversity, history of science, and related studies. All items in the bibliography are primary sources and were published in 1950 or before. The subjects involved touch on fields ranging from ecology, conservation, systematics and physical geography, to evolutionary biology, cultural biogeography, paleobiology, and bioclimatologybut have in common a relevance to the study of geographical distribution and diversity. Special Notice: The coverage of this database has now been extended through sister sites entitled "Early Classics in Biogeography, Distribution, and Diversity Studies: 1951-1975"

12. Biogeography: Definition From Answers.com n. The study of the geographic distribution of organisms. biogeographer bi ' o ge og ' ra pher n. biogeographic bi ' o ge ' o graph ' ic ( jē ' ə-grăf ' ĭk ) or bi http://www.answers.com/topic/biogeography

13. The International Biogeography Society MEETINGS The International biogeography Society will hold its 5th International Conference from 7th to 11th http://www.biogeography.org/html/Meetings/index.html

HOME ABOUT IBS MEMBERSHIP RESOURCES ... CONTACT US TODAY IS: document.write(doClock("M0","%20","D0",",%20","Y0")); MEETINGS The International Biogeography Society will hold its 5th International Conference from 7th to 11th January, 2011 in Crete. Please follow the link below to find information on the venue, registration, symposia, etc. Registration will open during the first week of September, 2010. 5th International Conference, January 2011 For information on how to become a member of IBS, or any of our prior meetings, select a link below. Link to any conference, past, present, or planned: Select a meeting date below 5th International Conference, January 2011 4th International Conference, January 2009 3rd International Conference, January 2007 2nd International Conference, January 2005 Inaugural Meeting, January 2003 Home About IBS Membership Resources ... Contact Us

14. Biogeography Specialty Group (BSG) Formed to promote interaction among biogeographers, stimulate active research and teaching development in biogeography and facilitate the exchange of ideas. http://people.cas.sc.edu/kupfer/bsg.html

Biogeography Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers The mission of the Biogeography Specialty Group (BSG) is to promote interactions between biogeographers, stimulate active research and teaching development in biogeography, and facilitate the exchange of ideas. Newsletter and Officers: The Biogeographer: Official BSG Newsletter Officers: Current and Past Winners of BSG Awards and Competitions: Henry Cowles Award (Excellence in Publication) James J. Parsons Distinguished Career Award Student Research Grant Competition Student Paper Competition BSG Business: Minutes from the 2010 BSG Business Meeting BSG Bylaws BSG Student Members! If you are a student member of the BSG and would like to join the BSG Student Listserv, please e-mail: Chad Lane chad.lane@mun.ca CURRENT NEWS: 2011 International Biogeography Society Meeting - Travel Grants The Biogeography Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers and the International Biogeography Society are awarding travel grants for students, post-docs, and early career (pre-tenure) faculty to attend the 2011 IBS biennial meeting. The 2011 IBS meeting will be held January 7-11, 2011 in Iraklion, Crete. Grants will be awarded to individuals giving oral and poster presentations at the meeting. Please Note: The Application Deadline has been extended until October 31, 2010!!!

15. Ecology/Island Biogeography - Wikibooks, Collection Of Open-content Textbooks Island biogeography. biogeography is the study of the geographic location of a species. Island biogeography is the study of the species composition and species richness on islands. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ecology/Island_biogeography

Ecology/Island biogeography From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection Ecology This page may need to be reviewed for quality. Jump to: navigation search Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 8. Island Biogeography and Habitat Fragmentation Contents Island Biogeography Theory of Island Biogeography Endemism Habitat Fragmentation ... edit Island Biogeography Biogeography is the study of the geographic location of a species. Island biogeography is the study of the species composition and species richness on islands. Island biogeography is a study aimed at establishing and explaining the factors that affect species diversity of a specific community. An island in this context, is not just a segment of land surrounded by water. It is any area of habitat surrounded by areas unsuitable for the species on the island. Other examples of "islands" include dung piles, game preserves, mountain tops, and lakes. Mountain tops are considered islands. In 1967, ecologists Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson, coined the Theory of Island Biogeography . This theory attempted to predict the number of species that would exist on a newly created island. It also explained how distance and area combine to regulate the balance between immigration and extinction in an island population. Immigration is the appearance of a new species in a community. Extinction is then the disappearance of a species from a community. This relationship is known as "species turnover", states that the equilibrium value for the island is proportional to the number of immigrants that come to the island, and the loss of individuals due to emigration and extinction.

16. Biogeography & Evolution - How Biogeography Supports Evolution biogeography is the study of the the distribution of life forms over geographical areas. biogeography not only provides significant inferential evidence for evolution and common http://atheism.about.com/od/evolutionexplained/a/BiogeographyEvolution.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Agnosticism / Atheism Agnosticism / Atheism Search Atheism Basics Critiquing Religion Life Without Gods ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Atheism Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum Inferential Evidence from Biogeography Proves Common Descent By Austin Cline , About.com Guide See More About: evolution vs. creationism science vs. religion zSB(3,3) Biogeography is the study of the the distribution of life forms over geographical areas. Biogeography not only provides significant inferential evidence for evolution and common descent, but it also provides what creationists like to deny is possible in evolution: testable predictions. Biogeography is split into two areas: ecological biogeography which is concerned with current distribution patterns and historical biogeography which is concerned with long-term and large-scale distributions. Biogeography probably isn't familiar to many people as a scientific field in its own right, perhaps because it depends so much on work done independently in both biology and geology. C. Barry Cox and Peter D. Moore write in their text Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach , 7th edition: The patterns of biogeography are the result of the interaction between the two great engines of our planet: evolution and plate tectonics. ,,,Because it faces such wide-ranging questions, biogeography must draw upon an extensive range of other disciplines. Explaining biodiversity, for example, involves the understanding of climate patterns over the face of the Earth, and the way in which the productivity of photosynthetic plants differs with climate and latitude.

17. Alexander Von Humboldt Digital Library | Project Humboldt Digital Library Ongoing research project to preserve the legacy of Alexander von Humboldt in an online information system. He was a naturalist and explorer and laid the foundation of the field of biogeography. http://www.avhumboldt.net

18. Biogeography | Define Biogeography At Dictionary.com –noun Ecology . the study of the geographical distribution of living things. Use biogeography in a Sentence See images of biogeography Search biogeography on the Web Origin http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/biogeography?qsrc=2446

19. Plant Biogeography - Home Research covers plant biogeography ranging from the intraspecific to the community level. http://www.botanik.univie.ac.at/plantchorology/

home people staff collaborations publications teaching research molecular biogeography polyploid evolution parasite evolution riverine vegetation ... links address: Department of Biogeography and Botanical Garden, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria NEWS: Verhindert Schipisten am Piz Val Gronda !!! ...zur E-mail Resolution ...zur online Petition Seminar zur Biogeographie in ca. 14-tägigem Rhythmus jeweils Mittwoch, 12:00-14:00 ÜR 3 Ruth Flatscher, Christian Gilli, Markus Hofbauer, Dieter Reich (Universität Wien): Auf Rhododendron-Jagd in der Nordost-Türkei Luise Schratt-Ehrendorfer (Dept. f. Biogeographie, Uni. Wien): Piz Val Gronda (Samnaungruppe, Westl. Tirol) - Flora, Vegetation, Naturschutz nächste Termine: 24.11., 1.12.2010 weitere Vorträge werden zeitgerecht angekündigt! Vielfältiges Innenleben - Artikel in der Wissenschaftsbeilage des Kuriers [ download... ] Disentangling phylogeography, polyploid evolution and taxonomy of a woodland herb ( Veronica chamaedrys group, Plantaginaceae) in southeastern Europe

20. Biogeography Home Page . WebCT find assignments, calendar, and grades here. Course Supplements (online) Life Zones; Biomes; Zoogeographic Provinces......Course http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biogeog.html

GEOG 335. Biogeography Susan L. Woodward, Instructor Course Description WebCT : find assignments, calendar, and grades here Course Supplements (online) Life Zones Biomes Zoogeographic Provinces General Review Questions on Song of the Dodo Ranges of North American Breeding Birds Speciation model Glossary Sites with information of Virginia's fauna and flora Virginia's Natural Heritage Program : access to lists, descriptions, and maps of Virginia 's r are species, invasive species, natural communities and ecosystems and natural area preserves. Birds : From Cornell University's Laboratory of Ornithology Reptiles: Lizards Snakes Turtles from the Virginia Herpetological Society Amphibians: Frogs and Toads Salamanders from the Virginia Herpetological Society Fishes from the Virginia Tech Virtual Aquarium Insects from Virginia Tech's Insect Identification Laboratory Aquatic macroinvertebrates from Save Our Streams program Some sites with info on Neotropical biomes and taxa: Birds, mammals and amphibians

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