1. Carbon-14 Dating - CreationWiki, The Encyclopedia Of Creation Science Carbon14 dating is a radiometric dating technique used to deduce the approximate age of organic remains by measuring the quantity of C-14 isotopes in the sample and comparing them http://creationwiki.org/Carbon-14_dating

SERVER UPGRADE COMPLETE! Please consider supporting this site Carbon-14 dating From CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science Jump to: navigation search Processing carbon samples for reading on a mass spectrometer to determine carbon isotopic composition. Carbon-14 dating is a radiometric dating technique used to deduce the approximate age of organic remains by measuring the quantity of C-14 isotopes in the sample and comparing them with current atmospheric levels. Contents Methodology False assumptions Constant C-14 to C-12 proportion Evidence of Flood and Young Earth ... See Also Methodology C-12 and C-14 are two different isotopes of carbon . C-12 is stable, meaning it does not decay into other elements over time. However, C-14 is not stable. It is formed when cosmic radiation strikes N-14 (Nitrogen), converting it into C-14, and it decays back into N-14, with a half-life of 5730 years, meaning that for any sample of C-14, half of it will decay back into N-14 every 5730 years. Carbon-14 is used to date dead plants and animals, because plants and animals incorporate C-14 into their bodies by eating, drinking, and breathing in an environment containing C-14. Through the life of the organism, the proportion of C-14 to C-12 reaches the same proportion as in the rest of the environment. When the organism dies, however, it ceases to incorporate carbon into its body. At this point, and for the years following, the C-14 in the sample begins to decay back into N-14, while the C-12 does not decay. Both C-14 and C-12 are lost as the body decays, but they are lost

2. What Does Carbon-14 Dating Mean? Definition And Meaning (Free English Language D Definition of carbon14 dating in the AudioEnglish.net Dictionary. Meaning of carbon-14 dating. What does carbon-14 dating mean? Proper usage of the word carbon-14 dating. http://www.audioenglish.net/dictionary/carbon-14_dating.htm

3. Radiocarbon Dating - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Radiocarbon dating, or carbon dating, is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon14 (14 C) to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating

Radiocarbon dating From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Radiocarbon dating , or carbon dating , is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 C) to estimate the age of carbonaceous materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years. Raw, i.e. uncalibrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years Before Present " (BP), "Present" being defined as 1950 CE . Such raw ages can be calibrated to give calendar dates. One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites. When plants fix atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) into organic material during photosynthesis they incorporate a quantity of C that approximately matches the level of this isotope in the atmosphere (a small difference occurs because of isotope fractionation , but this is corrected after laboratory analysis). After plants die or they are consumed by other organisms (for example, by humans or other animals) the C fraction of this organic material declines at a fixed exponential rate due to the radioactive decay of C. Comparing the remaining

4. Shroud Of Turin Glossary: Carbon 14 Dating Shroud of Turin Facts on Radiocarbon Dating (Carbon 14), Images, Authenticity Shroud of Turin Glossary of Terms carbon 14 dating Definition and Explanation http://www.shroudstory.com/glossary/carbon-14-dating-Shroud-of-Turin.htm

Shroud of Turin Story Home Page List of Glossary Terms carbohydrate layer Chambery fire carbon 14 dating carbon 14 dating is an accurate method for determining the age of things that have a biological origin such as bones, cloth made from natural fibers, artifacts made of wood, and charcoal. All plants and animals are made up of chemicals that contain three types of carbon atoms or isotopes. The most common isotope is carbon 12. It generally accounts for roughly 99% of all the carbon atoms found in a plant or animal. Another isotope is carbon 13 that comprises about 1% of the total. The third isotope is carbon 14 . It is found in only tiny amounts compared to carbon 12. In a living plant or animal there is only about one carbon 14 atoms for every trillion carbon 12 atoms. Carbon (C12, C13 and C14) is acquired by plants from carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Animals get carbon by breathing in carbon dioxide and by ingesting plants and other animals. The result is that all living things have a specific ratio of carbon 12 and carbon 14 isotopes. Generally speaking, it is the same ratio found in the atmosphere. The ratio begins to change, however, when a plant or animal dies and it is no longer taking on carbon from nature.

5. HowStuffWorks "How Carbon-14 Dating Works" Carbon14 dating is something that you hear about in the news all the time. Find out how carbon-14 dating works and why carbon-14 dating is so accurate! http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geology/carbon-14.htm

HSW.sm.loadPageInfo(5985); OAS_AD('TopBanner'); HowStuffWorks Search HowStuffWorks and the web Video Podcasts Blogs Quizzes Games RSS Adventure Animals Auto Culture ... Next Page How Carbon-14 Dating Works by Marshall Brain Print Cite Feedback ... Recommend Cite This! Close Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article: Inside this Article Introduction to How Carbon-14 Dating Works How Carbon-14 is Made Dating a Fossil Lots More Information ... See all Geologic Processes articles Geological Videos Up Next How Nuclear Radiation Works How Nuclear Power Works ­Discovery.com: Carbon-14 in Trees ­You probably have seen or read news stories about fascinating ancient artifacts. At an ar­chaeological dig, a piece of wooden tool is unearthed and the archaeologist finds it to be 5,000 years old. A child mummy is found high in the Andes and the archaeologist says the child lived more than 2,000 years ago. How do scientists know how old an object or human remains are? What methods do they use and how do these methods work? In this article, we will examine the methods by which scientists use radioactivity to determine the age of objects, most notably carbon-14 dating Carbon-14 dating is a way of determining the age of certain archeological artifacts of a biological origin up to about 50,000 years old. It is used in dating things such as bone, cloth, wood and plant fibers that were created in the relatively recent past by human activities.

6. Carbon 14 Dating Definition Of Carbon 14 Dating In The Free Online Encyclopedia. carbon14 dating or radiocarbon dating. Method of determining the age of once-living material, developed by U.S. physicist Willard Libby in 1947. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Carbon 14 dating

7. Carbon-14 Dating Carbon14 Dating. Radio-carbon dating is a method of obtaining age estimates on organic materials. The word estimates is used because there is http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Radiography/Physics/ca

Home Education Resources NDT Course Material Radiography Radiography Introduction History Present State Future Direction Physics of Radiography Nature of Penetrating Radiation X-rays Gamma Rays Activity ... Radiograph Interp - Castings Advanced Techniques Real-time Radiography Computed Tomography XRSIM References ... Quizzes Tracer: A substance, usually a labeled element, used to follow a complex sequence of biochemical reactions, as in an animal body, to locate diseased cells and tissues, to determine physical properties, etc. Half-life: The time required to for half the original nuclides to decay. Metabolic Processes: The chemical and physical processes continuously going on in living organisms and cells. Isotopes: One of two or more atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons in their nucleus but different numbers of neutrons.

8. Carbon-14 Dating (Radiocarbon Dating) Generous sponsorship of Windows to the Universe is provided by the Hewlett Foundation, the American Geological Institute, the American Geophysical Union, the National Science http://www.windows2universe.org/physical_science/physics/radiocarbon_dating.html

9. How Accurate Are Carbon-14 And Other Radioactive Dating Methods? - ChristianAnsw Discussion on the inaccuracies found using the Carbon14 dating method, and the various other radioactive dating methods. Plus evidence for a much younger earth using http://christiananswers.net/q-aig/aig-c007.html

How accurate are Carbon-14 and other radioactive dating methods? See this page in: Hungarian Russian Spanish P eople who ask about carbon-14 ( C) dating usually want to know about the radiometric dating methods that are claimed to give millions and billions of years—carbon dating can only give thousands of years. People wonder how millions of years could be squeezed into the biblical account of history Clearly, such huge time periods cannot be fitted into the Bible without compromising what the Bible says about the goodness of God and the origin of sin, death and suffering —the reason Jesus came into the world (See Six Days? Honestly! Christians , by definition, take the statements of Jesus Christ seriously. He said, “But from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female Mark 10:6 This only makes sense with a time-line beginning with the creation week thousands of years ago. It makes no sense at all if man appeared at the end of billions of years. We will deal with carbon dating first and then with the other dating methods. How the carbon clock works Carbon has unique properties that are essential for life on Earth. Familiar to us as the black substance in charred wood, as diamonds, and the graphite in “lead” pencils, carbon comes in several forms, or isotopes. One rare form has atoms that are 14 times as heavy as hydrogen atoms: carbon-14, or

10. HowStuffWorks "Carbon-14 Atoms" How Carbon14 Dating Works 03 October 2000. HowStuffWorks.com. http//science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geology/carbon-14.htm 25 October 2010. http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/geology/carbon-141.htm

HSW.sm.loadPageInfo(5985); OAS_AD('TopBanner'); HowStuffWorks Search HowStuffWorks and the web Video Podcasts Blogs Quizzes Games RSS Adventure Animals Auto Culture ... Next Page by Marshall Brain Print Cite Feedback ... Recommend Cite This! Close Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article: Inside this Article Introduction to How Carbon-14 Dating Works How Carbon-14 is Made Dating a Fossil Lots More Information ... See all Geologic Processes articles Forensic Detectives: Carbon 14 Dating How Carbon-14 is Made Co­smic rays enter the earth's atmosphere in large numbers every day. For example, every person is hit by about half a million cosmic rays every hour. It is not uncommon for a cosmic ray to collide with an atom in the atmosphere, creating a secondary cosmic ray in the form of an energetic neutron, and for these energetic neutrons to collide with nitrogen atoms. When the neutron collides, a nitrogen-14 (seven protons, seven neutrons) atom turns into a carbon-14 atom (six protons, eight neutrons) and a hydrogen atom (one proton, zero neutrons). Carbon-14 is radioactive, with a half-life of about 5,700 years.

11. Carbon-14 - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Carbon14, 14 C, or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon with a nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Its presence in organic materials is the basis of the radiocarbon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-14

Carbon-14 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Carbon-14 Full table General Name symbol radiocarbon, C Neutrons Protons Nuclide data Natural abundance 1 part per trillion Half-life Isotope mass u Spin ... Decay energy Beta MeV Carbon-14 C , or radiocarbon , is a radioactive isotope of carbon with a nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons . Its presence in organic materials is the basis of the radiocarbon dating method to date archaeological, geological, and hydrogeological samples. Carbon-14 was discovered on 27 February 1940, by Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben at the University of California Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley , although its existence had been suggested by Franz Kurie in 1934. There are three naturally occurring isotopes of carbon on Earth: 99% of the carbon is carbon-12 , 1% is carbon-13 , and carbon-14 occurs in trace amounts, e.g. making up as much as 1 part per trillion (0.0000000001%) of the carbon in the atmosphere. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730±40 years. It decays into nitrogen-14 through beta decay The activity of the modern radiocarbon standard is about 14 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per gram carbon.

12. Carbon 14 Dating - Cloth Fibers: 2005 Facts Carbon 14 dating is useful for determining the age of cloth fibers, bones, and anything with a biological origin. http://www.factsplusfacts.com/carbon-14-intro.htm

Carbon 14 Dating Facts - Cloth Fibers, Bones, Wood . . . in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Th ermochimica Acta See: Volume 425 pp. 189-194) Carbon 14 dating is an accurate method for determining the age of things that have a biological origin such as bones, cloth made from natural fibers, artifacts made of wood, and charcoal. All plants and animals are made up of chemicals that contain three types of carbon atoms or isotopes. The most common isotope is carbon 12. It generally accounts for roughly 99% of all the carbon atoms found in a plant or animal. Another isotope is carbon 13 that comprises about 1% of the total. The third isotope is carbon 14. It is found in only tiny amounts compared to carbon 12. In a living plant or animal there is only about one carbon 14 atoms for every trillion carbon 12 atoms. Carbon (C12, C13 and C14) is acquired by plants from carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Animals get carbon by breathing in carbon dioxide and by ingesting plants and other animals. The result is that all living things have a specific ratio of carbon 12 and carbon 14 isotopes. Generally speaking, it is the same ratio found in the atmosphere. The ratio begins to change, however, when a plant or animal dies and it is no longer taking on carbon from nature. Carbon 14, unlike carbon 12 and carbon 13, is radioactive. This means that over time the carbon 14 atoms will decay. When the isotope carbon 14 decays it gives off a beta particle and in doing so becomes nitrogen 14. The amount of carbon 12 and carbon 13, however, remains constant.

13. Radiocarbon Dating Radiocarbon, or Carbon14, dating is probably one of the most widely used and best known absolute dating methods. It was developed by J. R. Arnold and W. F. Libby in 1949 http://id-archserve.ucsb.edu/Anth3/Courseware/Chronology/08_Radiocarbon_Dating.h

Chronological Methods 8 - Radiocarbon Dating Radiocarbon, or Carbon-14, dating is probably one of the most widely used and best known absolute dating methods. It was developed by J. R. Arnold and W. F. Libby in 1949, and has become an indispensable part of the archaeologist's tool kit since. Its development revolutionized archaeology by providing a means of dating deposits independent of artifacts and local stratigraphic sequences. This allowed for the establishment of world-wide chronologies. Where does C -14 Come From? Radiocarbon dating relies on a simple natural phenomenon. As the Earth's upper atmosphere is bombarded by cosmic radiation, atmospheric nitrogen is broken down into an unstable isotope of carbon - carbon 14 (C-14). Bombardment Reactions The unstable isotope is brought to Earth by atmospheric activity, such as storms, and becomes fixed in the biosphere. Because it reacts identically to C-12 and C-13, C-14 becomes attached to complex organic molecules through photosynthesis in plants and becomes part of their molecular makeup. Animals eating those plants in turn absorb Carbon-14 as well as the stable isotopes. This process of ingesting C-14 continues as long as the plant or animal remains alive. Diffusion Ingestion C-14 Decay Profile The C-14 within an organism is continually decaying into stable carbon isotopes, but since the organism is absorbing more C-14 during its life, the ratio of C-14 to C-12 remains about the same as the ratio in the atmosphere. When the organism dies, the ratio of C-14 within its carcass begins to gradually decrease. The rate of decrease is 1/2 the quantity at death every 5,730 years. That is the half-life of C-14. The animation provides an example of how this logarithmic decay occurs. Click on the "Show Movie" button below to view this animation.

14. What About Carbon-14 Dating? What About Radiocarbon Dating? Science vs. Biblical History. Christians are often confronted with scientific data in which fossils are dated by scientific methods and determined http://duncanproductions.com/SBCOC/faq/radiocarbon_dating.html

South Bumby Church of Christ FAQ Home What About Radio-Carbon Dating? Science vs. Biblical History Christians are often confronted with scientific data in which fossils are "dated" by scientific methods and determined to be 30,000 to 50,000 years old. In general, conservative Christians believe that the age of the earth is the range of 6,000 to 10,000 years old. These dates are often given by trying to determine the age of the earth by using the Bible as a history book. Probably the most famous of these dating attempts is that of Bishop Ussher and is sometimes listed in the margins of Bibles indicating that creation occurred in 4004 B.C. Adding up the given dates shown above in the chart then according to the biblical account the flood occurred about 1656 years after creation. Similarly, the date given for the time of Joseph is about 2259 years after the creation. The time of Joseph (according to our accounting of years) is not certain. The time of Joseph is often correlated with the Egyptian pharaohs reigning during his time and often placed during the time of the Hyksos dynasty. While there is some uncertainty in some of the dates (primarily in dating Joseph), the conclusion is that according to Bible history, the earth is in the range of 6,000 to 10,000 years old with many conservative scholars arguing for the early date.

15. Doesn’t Carbon-14 Dating Disprove The Bible? - Answers In Genesis Unaware of the many fallacious assumptions used in the dating process, many people believe Carbon14 dating disproves the biblical timeline. Mike Riddle demonstrates otherwise. http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/nab/does-c14-disprove-the-bible

16. Facts About Carbon 14 Dating Shroud Of Turin 2008 Facts and fiction about the carbon 14 dating of the Shroud of Turin. http://www.factsplusfacts.com/shroud-of-turin-carbon-14.htm

Carbon 14 Dating and the Shroud of Turin 2008 News: Shroud of Turin for Journalists Now, by 2008, few scholars think that the carbon 14 dating of the Shroud of Turin is correct. As reported in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Thermochimica Acta and by PBS and National Geographic , forensic evidence clearly shows that what was tested is chemically unlike the main body of the Shroud. The chart below shows the clear differences. The conclusion is that what was tested was a cutting taken from a medieval repair, a patch of newer material applied to a well worn corner of the Shroud. The patched-in material was colored with alizarin dye extracted from Madder plant roots. Sensitive microchemical tests (phloroglucinol in concentrated hydrochloric acid) test positive for vanillin ( C H O or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) in the area of the cloth from which the carbon 14 sample were cut, and only in that area. Vanillin (vanilla) diminishes with time. By calculating the loss of vanillin from the lignin nodes of the cellulose fibers (E = 29.6 kcal/mole and Z = 3.7 X 10exp11/second) one can determine that the cloth is at least twice as old the earliest carbon 14 calculated age. (See Ray Rogers comments below). At the very least there is reasonable doubt about the tests' validity and they cannot be considered definitive. More likely, the 1988 tests are extraordinarily wrong.

17. Carbon Dating Carbon dating is a variety of radioactive dating which is applicable only to matter which was once living and presumed to be in equilibrium with the atmosphere, taking in carbon http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/nuclear/cardat.html

18. Age Dating The Earth A creation science resource megasite where you can find an assortment of free curriculum, participate in discussion forums, and browse an exhaustive number of internet references. http://www.nwcreation.net/agedating.html

PowerPoint Lesson Carbon-14 Dating PowerPoint Lesson Dating Fossils and Rocks Geochronology by CreationWiki Creationist Perspectives on Age Dating The RATE Group Research Secular Resources Young Earth Perspectives ... Old Earth Perspectives Gen 1:5 - And there was evening, and there was morningthe first day Radioisotope Age-dating Set This radioisotope age dating book and DVD set by the RATE group is a compendium every creationist should have in their library. Many people believe the Biblical chronology must be erroneous because the scientific community claims the earth is much older. Even young earth creationists tend to assume the earth is possibly older than 6000 years due to radiocarbon dating. Before making such compromises, lets examine age dating techniques and the assumptions made by scientists who use these methods. Radiocarbon or Carbon-14 Dating '''Radiocarbon dating''' (C-14) is a dating technique used to deduce the approximate age of organic remains by measuring the quantity of C-14 in the sample and comparing them with current atmospheric levels. C-14 is an unstable form of carbon produced in the atmosphere when cosmic rays strike N-14. The C-14 produced from this bombardment is then incorporated into plants as C02 during photosynthesis, and is transferred through the food chain to all organisms on earth. C-14 then degrades back into N-14 at a quantifiable rate allowing the sample to be dated based on the amount of unstable carbon remaining in the sample.

19. Carbon-14 Dating You've heard about radioisotope dating, but do you know why it works or how the calculation is performed? Carbon 14 dating is based on the ratio of carbon 14 to carbon 12. http://chemistry.about.com/b/2005/04/13/carbon-14-dating.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zGCID=this.zGCID?zGCID+" test11":" test11" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Education Chemistry Chemistry Search Chemistry Chem 101 Science Projects Science Fair ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Chemistry Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum Anne Marie's Chemistry Blog By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D. My Bio RSS My Bio ... Carbon-14 Dating Wednesday April 13, 2005 You've heard about radioisotope dating, but do you know why it works or how the calculation is performed? Carbon 14 dating is based on the ratio of carbon 14 to carbon 12. Plants take in carbon in the form of carbon dioxide and use it to make their food. Therefore, the isotopic ratio of carbon in a plant is pretty close to the ratio in the atmosphere. It's the same for animals that eat the plants. However, when a plant or animal dies, carbon intake stops. The decay of the radioactive carbon continues, though, so eventually there is less carbon 14 compared with carbon 12 than there was during life. The change in the ratio can be used to estimate a time of death. Here's a worked example of the calculation for carbon 14 dating of organic material. The same principle can be applied to other isotopic ratios used to estimate age.

20. Radiocarbon WEB-info A server of information which describes the details of the radiocarbon dating technique, as well as examples and case studies. Includes a K12 page. http://c14dating.com/

Welcome to radiocarbon WEB-info. Radiocarbon dating is the technique upon which chronologies of the late Pleistocene and Holocene have been built. This resource is designed to provide online information concerning the radiocarbon dating method. We hope it will be of occasional use to radiocarbon users and interested students alike. thomas.higham@archaeology-research.oxford.ac.uk INDEX Introduction Measurement Applications WWW Links ... Email LAST MODIFIED 16 May 2002 HTML DOCUMENT BY T. HIGHAM.

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