21. Crustacea (British Marine Life Study Society Information Page) Why do crabs walk sideways and other stories. British Marine Life Study Society crustacea Home Page http://www.glaucus.org.uk/crustace.htm

Crustacea Aquatic gill-breathing Arthropods Decapoda Crustacea Why Do Crabs Walk Sideways? Hermit Crabs . Link to Intertidal British Crabs Crustacea Taxa Moulting Cycle Brachyura (True Crabs) ... Deformed claw of the European Lobster This appendage with a extra claw was found on a lobster caught by John Barker (Shoreham) Hermit Crabs information file for children Hermit Crabs for the younger student (NE Atlantic species only) Intertidal Crabs: British Coast Why Do Crabs Walk Sideways? Because that's the way their legs bend. Muscles work in pairs. A muscle can only retract, or pull; to lengthen again it must relax and be pulled back by another 'antagonistic' muscle. The muscle blocks in crabs are attached to the inner surface of the exoskeleton, including the ten tubular legs, including the legs with claws, or chelae , as well as other appendages. Crabs do not have ball-and-socket joints but the legs pivot at numerous peg-in-socket joints that are sealed by flexible chitin, and can move in one plane (similar to our knee). Each joint moves in a different plane, and so together they allow the crab to move in all directions like our shoulder and hip joints. However, many crabs have joints in their legs moving in a restricted number of planes so that they can only move sideways. The sharp ends of each leg grip on to surfaces and can grip on to tiny irregularities (watch a Hermit Crab climbing up an almost smooth rock). In some crabs, the rear legs are shaped like paddles for limited swimming. Many crabs like the

22. About The Crustacea Department | Natural History Museum Of Los Angeles The Natural History Museum, with its mission to inspire wonder, discovery, and responsibility, recognizes that evolutionary biology is fundamental to understanding biological http://www.nhm.org/site/research-collections/crustacea

Search this site: About Our Museums Shop Donate Membership ... Home > Crustacea Museum Scientists on Evolution The Natural History Museum, with its mission to inspire wonder, discovery, and responsibility, recognizes that evolutionary biology is fundamental to understanding biological diversity and is critical for both scientific research and museums. The Museum welcomes people of all beliefs and backgrounds to join us as we explore, through science, the wonders of the natural world. To see our Evolution Statement in full, click here User login E-mail: Password: Request new password Crustacea About the Department Research Studies FAQs Staff Biographies Crustacea Department Contact Us Press Careers e-News ... Feedback

23. Crustaceans A Systematic Resume of the crustacea is necessarily large and complex. Allow me to semiskirt around a full discussion here, giving just a systematic outline of crustacean http://www.wetwebmedia.com/marine/inverts/arthropoda/crustace.htm

document.write(jscode); Home Information Pages: Marine Aquarium Articles/ FAQs Freshwater Aquarium Articles/ FAQs ... Articles/ FAQs Popular Pages: Features: Daily FAQs FW Daily FAQs SW Pix of the Day FW Pix of the Day ... Cover Images Related FAQs: Crustaceans Crustaceans 2 Crustaceans 3 Crustacean Identification ... Horseshoe Crabs Related Articles: Isopods Shrimps Hippolytid Cleaner Shrimps Palaemonid Anemone Shrimps ... Mantis "Shrimp ", Lobsters Slipper Lobsters Hermit Crabs Squat Lobsters ... Pycnogonids (Sea Spiders) /The Conscientious Marine Aquarist Crustaceans: An Overview By Bob Fenner Panulirus interruptus Classification: Taxonomy, Relation With Other Groups If you absolutely loathe biological classification and all of it's obscure terminology, you're going to hate the crustaceans. There are so many "split-hairs" amongst it's groups that science types have taken to making new infra-, sectional-, you-name-it categories to sub-divide all the groups. I guess that's what you get with such a collection of diverse organisms and excellent fossil history. Anyway it won't hurt my feelings if you skip on down to the next subject heading. The Phylum Arthropoda (="jointed legs").

24. Palaeos Metazoa: Crustacea - 1 Introduction. This page introduces the crown group crustacea, sometimes defined as the last common ancestor of all living crustaceans and all of its descendants. http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Crustacea/Crustacea.html

P al�os: Crustacea METAZOA Crustacea - 1 Page Back Unit Back Metazoa Cladogram ... Unit Home Unit Cladogram Unit References Glossary Crustacea - 1 PROTOSTOMIA ARTHROPODA Trilobita PANCRUSTACEA CRUSTACEA INSECTA LOPHOTROCHOZOA MOLLUSCA `ANNELIDA Contents Introduction Branchiopoda: an Example Anatomical System The Arthropod Segment Leg Words: an Epistemological Endite Head Anatomy Acron: Eyes and Invisible Legs Links References Introduction This page introduces the crown group Crustacea, sometimes defined as the last common ancestor of all living crustaceans and all of its descendants. This is, of course, a circular definition. We normally try to give a somewhat more explicit definition of a clade, but that's admittedly difficult for the Crustacea. Nothing remotely resembling a consensus phylogeny of the main crustacean groups has emerged from 250 years of carcinology . In fact, we even lack agreement on what the "main crustacean groups" might be. For example, a respectable minority holds that Crustacea itself is paraphyletic and includes the insects See, e.g.

25. CRUST-L CRUSTL. Welcome to the CRUST-L mailing list! The list is an informal forum for those interested in crustacea, including their biology, ecology, systematics, taxonomy, physiology http://www.vims.edu/~jeff/crust-l.html

CRUST-L Welcome to the CRUST-L mailing list! The list is an informal forum for those interested in Crustacea, including their biology, ecology, systematics, taxonomy, physiology, cell biology, culture, etc. Archived discussions and a FAQ are now available. You can subscribe to the list by sending SUBSCRIBE CRUST-L YOUR NAME (not your email address) as the message body to LISTPROC@VIMS.EDU . You can unsubscribe by sending UNSUBSCRIBE CRUST-L to LISTPROC@VIMS.EDU . You may want to bookmark this page. Please use the below address to post items to the list: CRUST-L@VIMS.EDU Note that you have to be a member to post items to the list. CRUST-L is a moderated, open list. Please keep discussions to subjects pertaining to marine/freshwater crustaceans or related taxa/subjects. The goal of the forum is to encourage communication between members. For a number of reasons attachments are not allowed on CRUST-L. A copy of this file can be obtained by sending the command GET WELCOME as the message body to LISTPROC@VIMS.EDU

26. Crustacea crustacea Subphylum crustacea. crustaceans are invertebrates belonging to the phylum Arthropoda and include such familiar groups as barnacles, crabs, crayfish, lobster, water fleas http://www.eoearth.org/article/Crustacea

27. Cladocera - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Details of anatomy and taxonomy on this type of small crustacean. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladocera

Cladocera From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Cladocera Bythotrephes cederestroemii Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Crustacea Class: Branchiopoda Subclass: Phyllopoda Order: Cladocera Latreille Suborders Anomopoda Ctenopoda Onychopoda Haplopoda Cladocera or cladocerans are small crustaceans commonly called water fleas , part of the Class Branchiopoda . They form a monophyletic group , which is currently divided into four suborders families genera , and about 400 species . The most commonly known genus is Daphnia (freshwater water fleas ), which is the most researched in this group; Daphnia is commonly used to test the toxicity of chemicals in solution or for water pollution Contents Anatomy Taxonomy References External links ... edit Anatomy Cladoceran anatomy Thoracic appendages of a water flea Cladocera are free-swimming organisms, and most orientate themselves with dorsal side up. They have a two-valved carapace covering most of the body except the appendages . In some families, the carapace only covers the brood pouch area. The head is typically separated from the body by a deep indentation, but also may not be separated. It projects forward as a beak or

28. ADW: Crustacea: Pictures Amathimysis trigibba marine iguana Amblyrhynchus cristatus sally lightfoot crab Grapsus grapsus Amphionides reynaudii amphipods Amphipoda http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/pictures/Crustacea.html

Overview News Technology Conditions of Use ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Crustacea Subphylum Crustacea (crustaceans) Information Pictures Specimens Classification Amathimysis trigibba marine iguana Amblyrhynchus cristatus sally lightfoot crab Grapsus grapsus Amphionides reynaudii amphipods Amphipoda Anaspides tasmaniae Apseudes intermedius speckled swimming crab Arenaeus cribrarius Argulus foliaceus Argulus japonicus pill bugs, sow bugs, rolly pollies Armadillidium vulgare sea monkeys Artemia salina Asellus aquaticus carolinian ghost shrimp Callichirus major carolinian ghost shrimp Callichirus major carolinian ghost shrimp Callichirus major Home About Us Special Topics Teaching ... Structured Inquiry Search Citation: Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2008. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed November 01, 2010 at http://animaldiversity.org.

29. Crustacea | Define Crustacea At Dictionary.com Word Origin History crustacea 1814, from Mod.L. neut. pl. of crustaceus (animalia) having a crust or shell, from L. crusta crust, hard shell (see crust ). Taken as a http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/crustacea

30. Crustacea - Definition Of Crustacea By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus And Crus`ta ce`a (kr?st? sh?-?) n. pl. 1. (Zool.) One of the classes of the arthropods, including lobsters and crabs; - so called from the crustlike shell with which they are covered http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Crustacea

31. Palaeos Invertebrates: Arthropods: Crustacea Parent Unit Crustaceomorpha Sister Unit Waptiidae Sister Unit Phosphatocopida Child Unit Pentastomida Child Unit Branchiopoda Unit Home Child Unit Remipedia http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Arthropods/Crustacea.htm

Pal�os: Arthropoda INVERTEBRATES Crustacea Parent Unit: Crustaceomorpha Sister Unit: Waptiidae Sister Unit: Phosphatocopida Child Unit: Pentastomida Child Unit: Branchiopoda Unit Home Child Unit: Remipedia Child Unit: Cephalocarida Child Unit: Maxillopoda Child Unit: Malascostraca Cladogram Crustacea Arthropoda Home Introduction Classification Phylogeny ... Hexapoda image from Biomedia - Zoology Museum With around 35,000 known species the Crustacea are a diverse group. They are so incredibly abundant in marine and freshwater habitats are they that they have been called the insects of the water. A majority of zooplankton are Crustacea - either larvae or tiny adults. A few Crustacea (slaters or sow bugs) even live on land, usually under old logs and leaf litter. The majority of crustaceans are marine and are herbivores, although there are also many species which are carnivores or scavengers Most crustaceans have jointed appendages which serve as either walking or swimming legs, and some of which have been modified in some way to serve a special function, such as the claws of lobsters and crabs. The number of body segments varies widely among the different groups. Crustacea are characterized by two pairs of antennae, three pairs of mouthparts, and a special type of larvae called the

32. Introduction To The Cirripedia Life history, systematics, morphology, and fossil record of the barnacles and their relatives. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/crustacea/maxillopoda/cirripedia.html

Introduction to the Cirripedia Barnacles and their Relatives Gooseneck barnacle from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Image by Karen Osborn of specimen collected by James Barry. Barnacles are more familiar members of the Cirripedia. Most species are specialized to live within a specific substrate. Some burrow into mollusk shells or coral skeletons whereas others burrow into logs or whales. There are members of Cirripedia that exist as parasites . Click here to read more about the lifestyles of the various cirripede groups Because many cirripedes have hard calcareous plates that protect their bodies, they are readily fossilizable. Needless to say, the Cirripedia has a good fossil record Click on the buttons below to learn more about the Cirripedia.

33. Crustacea.net - Introduction Provide an interactive information retrieval system for the world crustaceans. http://www.crustacea.net/intro.htm

Home Introduction World Crustacea Abbreviations ... Workshops Introduction to crustacea.net Purpose Strategies Intended Outcomes Justification ... Participants Purpose Provide an interactive information retrieval system for the world crustaceans. Top Strategies Provide illustrated, interactive keys to world crustaceans Provide morphological descriptions to world crustaceans Provide glossaries of morphological terminology Provide current family level lists of world crustaceans Provide links to other crustacean sites Top Intended Outcomes Accurate and efficient identification and information retrieval systems for crustaceans Ecological research will be facilitated Environmental management will have a stronger scientific basis Top Justification Because plants and animals are threatened by human activities all over the world there is great demand for better ecological management. Unfortunately, this is severely impeded by the large biological knowledge deficit. For example, faunas are often poorly described and catalogued with possibly 90% of species being undescribed. Not only is there a need to promote taxonomic studies, but there is also the imperative of making taxonomic information accessible to non-specialists. Difficulties in identification (particularly invertebrates) often make studies in ecology, conservation or environmental impact incomplete. Studies that include organisms identified at order or family level give little indication of species diversity. But these groups often provide the basic framework of whatever ecological system is under threat.

34. Introduction To Branchiopoda Overview of the group containing the Anostraca (fairy shrimp or sea monkeys ), Notostraca (tadpole shrimp), Cladocera (water fleas), and Conchostraca (clam shrimp). http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/crustacea/branchiopoda.html

Introduction to Branchiopoda Sea monkeys, tadpole shrimp, water fleas, and clam shrimp Left: A mirrored right lateral view of Daphnia magna , courtesy of www.splash.org Right: A right lateral view of a fairy shrimp, courtesy of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service The Branchiopoda consist of four living groups: the Anostraca ("fairy shrimp" or "sea monkeys"), Notostraca ("tadpole shrimp"), Cladocera ("water fleas"), and Conchostraca ("clam shrimp'). There are also two fossil groups that belong to the Branchiopoda, but it is unresolved whether they are subgroups within the living groups or evolved separately. Here the fossil groups will be discussed within the living groups to which they are most similar. With almost 800 described species, it is difficult to generalize about the branchipods. Most live in fresh or brackish (slightly salty) water and a few are found in marine habitats. Many are found exclusively in temporary ponds, where their eggs survive long periods of drought. You often find packages of dried eggs for sale in pet and toy stores. When the eggs are placed in water with an airstone, they hatch in just a couple days and you can watch them grow and swim. They are often used as food for aquarium animals. It is even more difficult to generalize about the body form of branchiopods. The thorax and abdomen are fused or indistinguishable in most but the Anostraca. Their

35. Class Crustacea Definition Of Class Crustacea In The Free Online Encyclopedia. crustacea krə′stā shə (invertebrate zoology) A class of arthropod animals in the subphylum Mandibulata having jointed feet and mandibles, two pairs of antennae, and http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/class Crustacea

36. The Epicaridea The parasitic isopods of crustacea a list of families, the species within them, and the references. http://www.vims.edu/~jeff/isopod.htm

EPICARIDEA: The parasitic isopods of Crustacea Bopyridae Bopyrids live in the gill cavity or on the carapace of their crab and shrimp hosts. The parasites often distort the carapace of their hosts into a characteristic bulge. This bulge has even been observed in various fossilized hosts. Entoniscidae Entoniscids are unusual internal parasites that live in the hemocoel of their crab hosts. One species is found in a snapping shrimp, Synalpheus sp. Adult females of these parasites bear little morphological resemblance to any free-living isop ods. Dajidae Dajids are external parasites of krill (euphausiids and mysids) and midwater shrimp. The parasites look like hitchhikers on the backs of their hosts. They are often mistaken as fleshy growths. Cryptoniscinae Members of the super-family Cryptoniscinae Cirolana borealis Lilljeborg belonging to the Cryptoniscinae (Crustacea Epicaridea). Sarsia 18: 37-64. There are several families represented in the group: Hemioniscidae Hemioniscids are parasites of cirripede barnacles. Cyproniscidae Cyproniscids are parasites of free-living isopods.

37. Crustacea - Barnacles -- Discover Life Discover Life's encyclopedia page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of crustacea Barnacles Discover Life http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Crustacea

38. Redirect To Another Page Classification and systematics, anatomy, and evolutionary history. http://tolweb.org/tree/eukaryotes/animals/arthropoda/crustacea/isopoda/accessory

The web page you are trying to access has been retired. If you are not redirected automatically, please click the following link for another page with related content: Tree of Life: Key to the Suborders of Isopoda

39. Category:Crustacea - Wikimedia Commons Media in category crustacea The following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crustacea

Category:Crustacea From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository Jump to: navigation search Eukaryota Animalia ... Arthropoda Crustacea Brünnich, 1772 Wikispecies has information related to: Crustacea Vernacular names English: ITIS WoRMS Branchiopoda Cephalocarida ... +species list Subcategories This category has the following 14 subcategories, out of 14 total. Crustacean anatomy (2 C, 34 F) Crustacean developmental stages (6 C, 2 F) Crustaceans by country (9 C) Fossil Crustacea (4 C, 30 F) Unidentified Crustacea (2 C, 15 F) B Branchiopoda (7 C, 1 F) C Cephalocarida (empty) M Malacostraca (8 C, 4 F) Maxillopoda (6 C) O Ostracoda (2 C, 2 F) R Remipedia (empty) Extinct Crustacea (12 C, 1 F) Waptiida (2 C) Thylacocephala (5 C, 1 F) Media in category "Crustacea" The following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. 2005crustacean.PNG 59,618 bytes Crustacea.jpg 230,573 bytes Meyers b10 s0176a.jpg 134,535 bytes Retrieved from " http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crustacea Category Arthropoda Hidden category: Taxon categories Personal tools New features Log in / create account Namespaces Category Discussion Variants Views View Edit View history Actions Search Navigation Main Page Welcome Community portal Village pump Participate Upload file Recent changes Latest files Random file ... Donate Toolbox What links here Related changes Special pages Printable version ... Permanent link In Wikipedia Asturianu Català Česky Dansk ... Bân-lâm-gú This page was last modified on 7 October 2010, at 07:43.

40. Crustacea - Wikispecies Taxonavigation. Main Page Regnum Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum crustacea Classes Branchiopoda Cephalocarida - Malacostraca - Maxillopoda - Ostracoda - Remipedia http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Crustacea

Crustacea From Wikispecies Jump to: navigation search Nephrops norvegicus edit Taxonavigation Main Page Regnum: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Crustacea Classes: Branchiopoda Cephalocarida Malacostraca Maxillopoda ... edit Name Crustacea Brünnich edit References Boxshall, G.A. 2007: Crustacean classification: on-going controversies and unresolved problems. Pp. 313-325 In Zhang, Z.-Q. Shear, W.A. (eds) Linnaeus tercentenary: progress in invertebrate taxonomy Zootaxa Brünnich, M. Th. (1772). Zoologiae fundamenta praelectionibus academicis accomodata. Grunde i Dyrelaeren. Hafniae et Lipsiae: Apud Frider. Christ. Pelt., 254 pp. Brusca, R.C.; Brusca, G.J. , (1990). Invertebrates. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA (USA). 922 pp. Martin, J.W. Davis, G.E. 2001: An updated classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County contributions in science PDF Warne, M.T. , 2010: Review of Alataleberis McKenzie and Warne, 1986 and description of Alatapacifica gen. nov. (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from the Cenozoic of Australasia. Alcheringa : 37-60. Abstract:

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