61. Greenhouse Gases Radiation from the sun is absorbed by the earth as radiant visible light. You feel this effect on a sunny day when you stand in the sunshine vs. the shade http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/globalwarmA5.html

Global Warming Elmhurst College Carbon Dioxide - Fossil Fuels Chemistry Department ... Click for larger image Greenhouse Gases Absorb Infrared Radiation Radiation from the sun is absorbed by the earth as radiant visible light. You feel this effect on a sunny day when you stand in the sunshine vs. the shade. Eventually, the heat from the earth is re-emitted into the atmosphere as infrared radiation (IR). As an example, infrared radiation is what you can feel and see (slightly) as the red hot burner of an electric stove. The different types of electromagnetic radiation are shown in the graphic on the left. Certain gases in the atmosphere have the property of absorbing infrared radiation. Oxygen and nitrogen the major gases in the atmosphere do not have this property. The infrared radiation strikes a molecule such as carbon dioxide and causes the bonds to bend and vibrate - this is called the absorption of IR energy. The molecule gains kinetic energy by this absorption of IR radiation. This extra kinetic energy may then be transmitted to other molecules such as oxygen and nitrogen and causes a general heating of the atmosphere. Analogy: Think of a partially stretched "toy slinky" - if you bump the slinky, the energy of the bump is absorbed by the vibrations in the slinky.

62. The New Green Game | Newsweek | MyWire Knowledge Newsweek article claiming that tradable allowances for greenhouse gases may one day become the world s biggest commodities market. http://www.keepmedia.com/pubs/Newsweek/2001/08/27/315028?extID=10026

63. Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment - Carnegie Mellon University The Green Design Institute at Carnegie Mellon University maintains the EIO-LCA project, showing the economic and environmental effects of producing 500 commodities sorted by industry group and sector. Results include pollutants, greenhouse gases, toxic chemicals, and employment. http://www.eiolca.net/

Search Only Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment Method Models Tutorial Use the Tool ... ECONOMIC INPUT-OUTPUT LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT Matlab versions of the and US detailed models have been posted to the EIO-LCA forum. Data on water use and IMPACT2002 summary assessment data have been added to the US 2002 model (RCRA and detailed toxic releases will be posted in winter 2010). Contact us Licenses Green Design Institute Carnegie Mellon Home

64. Greenhouse Gases Characteristics and impact of greenhouse gases Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases that absorb infrared light lead to additional global warming, causing climate change http://www.lenntech.com/greenhouse-effect/greenhouse-gases.htm

Greenhouse gases By S.M. Enzler MSc Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases that absorb infrared light lead to additional global warming, causing climate change (figure 1). Past and future emissions of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide and the impact on climate are described on this page. Figure 1: integrated framework of climate change by IPCC The impact of greenhouse gases on the enhanced greenhouse effect is determined by their residence time in the atmosphere. When atmospheric residence time is greater, the total impact of a greenhouse gas on global warming is larger. Atmospheric residence time represents the average amount of time the molecules of a greenhouse gas exist in air before it is somehow removed. The average residence time of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide is more than a century. Consequentially, these greenhouse gases will impact global warming long after emission cut-backs are achieved. Contrastingly, methane only has a residence time of one decade. Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide production is not the same for every country. Still, we all need to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions because CO

65. Global Warming: A Closer Look At The Numbers Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change (data now available only to members ) IEA Greenhouse Gas R D Programme, Stoke Orchard, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, GL52 7RZ, United Kingdom. http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/greenhouse_data.html

Global Warming: A closer look at the numbers Global Warming Table of Contents Water Vapor Rules the Greenhouse System J ust how much of the "Greenhouse Effect" is caused by human activity? It is about if water vapor is taken into account about , if not. This point is so crucial to the debate over global warming that how water vapor is or isn't factored into an analysis of Earth's greenhouse gases makes the difference between describing a significant human contribution to the greenhouse effect, or a negligible one. Water vapor constitutes Earth's most significant greenhouse gas , accounting for about of Earth's greenhouse effect . Interestingly, many "facts and figures' regarding global warming completely ignore the powerful effects of water vapor in the greenhouse system, carelessly (perhaps, deliberately) overstating human impacts as much as 20-fold. Water vapor is 99.999% of natural origin. Other atmospheric greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and miscellaneous other gases (CFC's, etc.) , are also mostly of natural origin (except for the latter, which is mostly anthropogenic).

66. Videos: Sir Richard Branson & Al Gore Carbon Dioxide Prize, T. Boone Pickens Win Several videos on carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases and global warming. They include a 25 Million Prize offered by Sir Richard Branson, Al Gore, Glenn Beck, and others. http://members.cox.net/ttbp/

VIDEOS and WEB LINKS on GLOBAL WARMING and SOLUTIONS Click to Purchase Amazon or Target Gift Cards for that Special Person Sarah Palin Free Win 7 Vista XP Tuneup Tiffany Classic Auto and Jewelry ... Purchase Carbon Offsets, Links What is a Carbon Offset, Video Greenhouse Gas Emmissions, EPA Carbon Footprint Calculator, EPA Tiffany Classic Sports Car Tiffany Jewelry ... http://vistatuneup.org Site Map Links http://www.virginearth.com/ http://www.pickensplan.com/ http://www.grtaircapture.com/ wecansolveit.org/content/homepage/ ... Free Counter

67. Cirene (Center Of Initiative And Research On Energy And The Environment) Information about syntheses and studies to solve problems of industrial partners regarding greenhouse gases (including taxation, permits for carbon trading, technical-economic studies, feasibility studies for capture and storage of CO2, forecasting studies). http://www.cirene.asso.fr/ukco2.php

Cirene, spécialisé dans l'énergie et l'environnement : changement climatique, gaz à effet de serre, capture, stockage et séquestration du CO2. Le CIRENE réalise des études et conférences à destination des industriels, collectivités, ... CIRENE, CO2, effet de serre, energie, environnement, centre, initiative, recherche, environnemental, ecologie, etudes, conferences, rapports, reglementation, changement, climatique, capture, stockage, sequestration, climat, association, ducroux, jean-baptiste, sciences, chercheur, geosciences, taxation, technico, economique, prevision, previsionnel, energetique, industriels, institutionnels, CNRS, CEA, INRA, IFREMER, INSID, COGEMA, GDF, USINOR, ADEME, accord, internationaux, primaire, secondaire, renouvelable, nucleaire, eolien, eolienne, fossiles, petrole, charbon, electricite, hydrogene, solaire, geothermie, hydraulique, biomasse, marees, radioprotection, radon, retraitement, thermonucleaire, piles, SOFC, Kyoto, carbonique, gaz, economie.

68. Earth's Greenhouse Gases Generous sponsorship of Windows to the Universe is provided by the Hewlett Foundation, the American Geological Institute, the American Geophysical Union, the National Science http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/cli_greengas.html

69. Zero Emissions Research And Technology :: A National Resource For Geologic Seque ZERT is a research collaborative focused on understanding the basic science of underground (geologic) carbon dioxide storage to mitigate greenhouse gases from fossil fuel use and to develop technologies that can ensure the safety and reliability of that storage. http://www.montana.edu/zert/index.html

The Zero Emission Research and Technology Center (ZERT) is a research collaborative focused on understanding the basic science of underground (geologic) carbon dioxide storage to mitigate greenhouse gasses from fossil fuel use and to develop technologies that can ensure the safety and reliability of that storage. ZERT is a partnership involving DOE laboratories (Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory) as well as universities (Montana State and West Virginia University). Research Goals: Development of sophisticated, comprehensive computer modeling suites which predict the underground behavior of carbon dioxide Investigation of the fundamental geochemical and hydrological issues related to underground carbon dioxide storage Development of measurement techniques to verify storage and investigate leakage Development of mitigation techniques and determination of best practices for reservoir management ZERT is funded by the United States Department of Energy, under Award No. DE-FC26-04NT42262. However, any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the DOE.

70. Calculating Greenhouse Gases Symbol Name Common Sources CO 2 Carbon Dioxide Fossil fuel combustion, forest clearing, cement production, etc. CH 4 Methane Landfills, production and distribution of natural http://www.icbe.com/emissions/calculate.asp

Calculating Greenhouse Gases The IPCC has identified 6 greenhouse gases Symbol Name Common Sources CO Carbon Dioxide Fossil fuel combustion, forest clearing, cement production, etc. CH Methane N O Nitrous Oxide Fossil fuel combustion, fertilizers, nylon production, manure, etc. HFC's Hydrofluorocarbons Refrigeration gases, aluminum smelting, semiconductor manufacturing, etc. PFC's Perfluorocarbons Aluminum production, semiconductor industry, etc. SF Sulfur Hexafluoride Electrical transmissions and distribution systems, circuit breakers, magnesium production, etc. Most RE systems can be credited with reducing three greenhouse gases: CO , CH and N O. These are all waste products from fossil fuel combustion. In addition, RE systems reduce criteria pollutants which affect climate indirectly, cause acid rain, and are related to respiratory problems in humans and other animals. We track and certify those reductions as well, because some have a market value (SO X ), and others could attain commercial value in the future, especially if they reduce potential outlays in the health industry.

71. Offset Carbon Footprint :: Carbon Credits :: Carbon Neutral Organization dedicated to providing access to scientific information about the creation, distribution and impact of greenhouse gases. Includes a selection of projects that customers can contribute to in order to offset their carbon footprints. http://www.offsetcarbonfootprint.org

72. Greenhouse Gases - Environment - Smh.com.au A sign outside the Wallerawang power station, west of Lithgow, depicts a silhouette of the plant's giant cooling tower with a wispy cloud gushing from the top. Below the image http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/greenhouse-gases/2007/04/02/1175366158796

@import url("/css/2005/smh-200511.css"); Welcome to The Sydney Morning Herald. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Text Version @import url("http://fdimages.fairfax.com.au/cui/netstrip-20080723.css"); NEWS MYCAREER DOMAIN DRIVE ... Environment Greenhouse gases Email Print Normal font Large font April 3, 2007 A sign outside the Wallerawang power station, west of Lithgow, depicts a silhouette of the plant's giant cooling tower with a wispy cloud gushing from the top. Below the image are two words: "Water Vapour". But Dr Paul Fraser, a chief research scientist with the CSIRO's marine and atmospheric research division, says water vapour is a greenhouse gas. Fraser agrees the steam emitted by power stations "doesn't add anything significant" to the world's greenhouse problems but "their separate emissions of invisible carbon dioxide do. Natural rainfall and evaporation are so large that relatively small amounts of water vapour from car exhaust pipes or cooling towers aren't important." However, he says, "water vapour dramatically amplifies warming induced by all greenhouse gases, whether natural or man-made". As the greenhouse gases trap energy from the sun, via heat emitted from the Earth's surface, the atmosphere warms and its ability to hold water vapour increases. The steamier atmosphere traps still more heat, leading to increased evaporation from oceans, soils and plants.

73. ARRPEEC Conducting research on energy-environment-climate issues in Asia. Objectives include mitigation of greenhouse gases and other hazardous emissions. Centered in Bangkok, Thailand. http://www.arrpeec.ait.ac.th

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74. Cheminfo Home Page Offers consultation to the chemicals industry in greenhouse gases, Criteria Air Contaminants, toxics, and energy and environmental policy. http://www.cheminfoservices.com

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75. Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse gases occur naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere in addition to being emitted through human activities. This natural “carbon cycle� includes carbon dioxide used http://www.solcomhouse.com/greenhousegases.htm

About Us Awards Donate Contact ... Site Map What Are Greenhouse Gases? Greenhouse gases occur naturally in the Earth’s atmosphere in addition to being emitted through human activities. This natural “carbon cycle” includes carbon dioxide used in plants during photosynthesis and the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the oceans. The primary natural processes that release CO2 into the atmosphere (sources) and that remove CO2 from the atmosphere (sinks) are: Animal and plant respiration, by which oxygen and nutrients are converted into CO2 and energy, and plant photosynthesis by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored as carbon in plant biomass Ocean-atmosphere exchange, in which the oceans absorb and release CO2 at the sea surface; Volcanic eruptions, which release carbon from rocks deep in the Earth’s crust Naturally occurring greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Water vapor accounts for the largest percentage of the greenhouse effect. The major greenhouse gases are: water vapor , which causes about 36–70% of the greenhouse effect on Earth (not including clouds) carbon dioxide , which causes 9–26% methane , which causes 4–9% ozone , which causes 3–7%.

76. Aultenergy - Home A green energy company specializing in solar thermal, wind and grid-tied photovoltaic systems. Offers numerous ways to reduce home or business energy costs and reduce greenhouse gases. http://www.aultenergy.com/

Home Products Incentives Enviro-Financing ... Contact Us Ault Energy 10687 South Br. Rd. Brinston, ON info@aultenergy.com NEW Main Menu Home Solar Hot Water Grid Tied Solar Grid Tied Wind ... Contact Us Ault Energy Newsletter Please enter your name and email to subscribe to our monthly newsletter and stay current with our latest products, services and energy efficiency tips. Name E-mail Subscribe Unsubscribe Ault Energy - Better Solutions The roof over your head can do more than provide shelter; it can also help to free you from dependence on the fossil fuel electricity provided by your local utility company. When you choose Ault Energy to install a green energy solution on your home, you take the first step towards regaining control of your energy costs. You also take an active role in choosing the source and the way you use your power. Without making any changes in your lifestyle, you can enjoy the knowledge that you are drawing from a clean, renewable energy sources: the sun and the wind. AE Residential Services include (please choose from the following): EnerWorks Solar Hot Water Cansolair Solar Thermal Heating Skystream Grid-Tied Wind Power AE Grid-Tied Solar Power Systems Winter Energy Blues? - Think Solar Hot Water

77. Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gases. Soils affect many of the processes that can mitigate or exacerbate global change. Many NIFA http://www.nifa.usda.gov/nea/nre/in_focus/soils_if_greenhouse.html

You are here: Home Soils / Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse Gases Soils affect many of the processes that can mitigate or exacerbate global change. Many NIFA activities relate to the potential for soil to serve as a sink for greenhouse gases. Carbon and nitrogen cycles The most important greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO ), nitrous oxide (N O), and methane (CH ). While these gases have many non-agricultural sources, soil organisms and soil conditions play a major role in the consumption and production of these gases. Judicious management of soils can have a tremendous potential for helping to control or reduce these gases. Soil microorganisms control many of the processes that transform organic carbon into the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. At the same time, soils supply support, water, and nutrients necessary for plants to grow and fix carbon dioxide in organic form. Soils can also be either a source (chemical reduction) or sink (oxidation) for methane, another carbon-containing greenhouse gas, depending on soil conditions, such as wetness, microbial community, crop productivity, and soil chemical and physical properties.

78. MANY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE RUNAWAY GREENHOUSE POSSIBLE. A Greenpeace poll (in 1992) shows that a worryingly high proportion of climate scientists believe it possible that continuing emissions of greenhouse gases can awaken synergistic feedbacks capable of generating a runaway greenhouse effect. http://archive.greenpeace.org/climate/database/records/zgpz0638.html

MANY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE RUNAWAY GREENHOUSE POSSIBLE. A Greenpeace poll shows that a worryingly high proportion of climate scientists believe it possible that continuing emissions of greenhouse gases can awaken synergistic feedbacks capable of generating a runaway greenhouse effect. Bad though the best- estimate of the future, as portrayed by the IPCC would be, there is a worst-case view, which is that the IPCC estimates will prove to be underestimates, and that natural amplifications of warming (positive feedbacks) will be awakened, potentially even generating a point of no return beyond which might lie unstoppable heating of the planet, no matter how deeply anthropogenic emissions might ultimately be cut. The results of an opinion survey on this subject, published by Greenpeace at the 1992 American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in Chicago, show that almost half of surveyed world climate scientists believe that a runaway greenhouse effect is possible if action is not taken to cut greenhouse gas emissions. More than one-in-ten of those polled believe this worst-case analysis - a point of no return beyond which lies unstoppable heating of the atmosphere - to be probable. Greenpeace International polled 400 climate scientists during December 1991 and January '92. The sample included all scientists involved in the 1990 study of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and others who have published on issues relevant to climate change in `Science' or `Nature' during 1991. Scientists were asked whether they thought there would be a point of no return at some time in the future, if emissions continued at their present rate. By the end of January 1992, 113 had replied, in the following way: probably - 15 (13%), possibly - 36 (32%), probably not - 53 (47%). In other words, 45% believe the runaway greenhouse effect to be possible.

79. Greenhouse Gases - A Weather Guide Definition Greenhouse Gases definition including related heat stress illnesses in a full indexed weather photo glossary. http://weather.about.com/od/g/g/greenhousegases.htm

zWASL=1;zGRH=1 zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zDO=0 Home Education Weather Weather Search Weather Severe Weather Forecasting Lessons ... Share w(x2+zWl+'?p=1" zT="18/1[N" rel="nofollow">Print') Free Weather Newsletter! Sign Up Discuss in my Forum By Rachelle Oblack , About.com Guide See More About: greenhouse gasses global warming weather glossary weather photos ... weather instruments Sources of Greenhouse Gases in the Home Australian New South Wales Government Definition: The atmosphere of earth acts as a blanket around our blanket. The radiation from the sun enters into the atmosphere and some of the gases will trap heat inside. The main greenhouse gases are- Carbon Dioxide Ozone Methane Nitrous Oxide Common Misspellings: Greenhouse Gasses Examples: The name comes from the effects you would see in a real greenhouse. The sun gets trapped inside of the greenhouse by the glass. Keep in mind that just as plants would not be able to grow in the cold months without a real greenhouse, the earth would also not be able to sustain life without some greenhouse effect. An excellent example of a runaway greenhouse effect is on the planet Venus where temperatures are hot enough to melt lead! Global Warming Sources of Greenhouse Gases in the home Global Warming - Videos, Images, and Articles on Global Warming

80. New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent And Rare (but Expanding) New York Times article stating that scientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified synthetic gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases. http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/072800sci-environ-climate.html

July 28, 2000 New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent and Rare (but Expanding) By ANDREW C. REVKIN Related Articles The Natural World: Global Warming Forum Join a Discussion on The Environment cientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases, the dozens of compounds released by industry and the burning of fuels that act like a greenhouse roof and may be warming the global climate. The synthetic gas is extremely rare, so far reaching concentrations just over one-tenth of one part per trillion of air, according to a paper published today in the journal Science. But it still poses potential problems, the paper's authors say, because concentrations of the gas are rising quickly, the gas probably takes more than 1,000 years to break down and its source although certainly from human activity is a mystery. "So far, there is far too small a quantity to be of concern," said William T. Sturges, an atmospheric chemist at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England, and the study's principal author. "But I wouldn't want to see it enormously increased." The study provides the latest evidence of the global reach of pollution and the sometimes unintended consequences of industrial activity, said many chemists familiar with the report. Advance copies of the paper circulated this week by e-mail.

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