81. Homepage Of Visual Quantum Mechanics Includes a collection of QuickTime movies showing solutions of the Schr dinger and Dirac equation and the homepage of the book Visual Quantum Mechanics by Bernd Thaller. http://www.uni-graz.at/imawww/vqm/

82. Cookies Required This monthly virtual journal contains articles that have appeared in one of the participating source journals and that fall within a number of contemporary topical areas in quantum information. http://www.vjquantuminfo.org

83. Quantum Physics Online A series of Java applets illustrating solutions to basic problems in this subject. http://www.quantum-physics.polytechnique.fr/en/index.html

84. Quantum Physics A qualitative description of the key aspects, including Heisenburg s Uncertainty Principle, wave-particle duality and related theories. http://www.hpwt.de/Quantene.htm

85. The EPR Paradox And Bell's Inequality A short article from the USENET Physics FAQ. http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Quantum/bells_inequality.html

[Physics FAQ] Updated May 1996 by PEG (thanks to Colin Naturman). Updated August 1993 by SIC. Original by John Blanton. Does Bell's Inequality rule out local theories of quantum mechanics? In 1935 Albert Einstein and two colleagues, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen (EPR) developed a thought experiment to demonstrate what they felt was a lack of completeness in quantum mechanics. This so-called "EPR Paradox" has led to much subsequent, and still ongoing, research. This article is an introduction to EPR, Bell's Inequality, and the real experiments that have attempted to address the interesting issues raised by this discussion. One of the principal features of quantum mechanics is that not all the classical physical observables of a system can be simultaneously well defined with unlimited precision, even in principle. Instead, there may be several sets of observables that give qualitatively different, but nonetheless complete (maximal possible), descriptions of a quantum mechanical system. These sets are sets of "good quantum numbers," and are also known as "maximal sets of commuting observables." Observables from different sets are "noncommuting observables". (Technically speaking, the situation is a little more complicated. Even for observables that don't commute, it is sometimes possible for both to have well-defined values. Such subtleties are very important to those who examine the derivation of Bell's Inequality in great detail in order to find hidden assumptions. For the purposes of this short article, we'll overlook these finer points.)

86. Quantum Physics Describes some basic concepts of quantum physics. http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/quant/node1.html

Next: Blackbody Radiation Up: Main physics index Previous: Quantum Physics Quantum Physics We have seen in the previous chapter that the properties of refraction, diffraction, and interference all require a wave picture of light. In this chapter we will begin to study other aspects associated with light which cannot be explained with a wave picture, but in fact need a particle picture. The coexistence of phenomena which require both a wave and a particle picture is called a wave-particle duality , and is at the heart of the modern theory of quantum physics. Blackbody Radiation The Photoelectric Effect Compton Scattering Wave-Particle Duality ... www-admin@theory.uwinnipeg.ca

87. [quant-ph/9909086] Topics In Modern Quantum Optics This is the written version of lectures presented at the 17th Symposium on Theoretical Physics covering various topics in quantum optics. http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9909086

arXiv.org quant-ph Search or Article-id Help Advanced search All papers Titles Authors Abstracts Full text Help pages Full-text links: Download: PDF PostScript Other formats Current browse context: quant-ph new recent SLAC-SPIRES HEP refers to ... NASA ADS Bookmark what is this? Quantum Physics Title: Topics in Modern Quantum Optics Authors: Bo-Sture Skagerstam (Submitted on 28 Sep 1999 ( ), last revised 6 Nov 1999 (this version, v2)) Abstract: This is the written version of lectures presented at "The 17th Symposium on Theoretical Physics - Applied Field Theory", 29 June - 1 July, 1998, the Sangsan Mathematical Science Building, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Comments: 97 pages, 23 figures, 187 references. Misprints corrected, most figures redrawn and references updated Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:quant-ph/9909086v2 Submission history From: Bo-Sture Skagerstam [ view email Tue, 28 Sep 1999 17:35:03 GMT (594kb) Sat, 6 Nov 1999 15:15:10 GMT (325kb) Which authors of this paper are endorsers? Link back to: arXiv form interface contact

88. Grains Of Mystique A primer for the non-professional interested in learning about the principles of quantum physics without all the math. http://www.faqs.org/docs/qp/

Back to FAQS.ORG homepage Grains of Mystique Most of you will have heard the word quantum , and often wondered what it means, or what its significance is. Of course, there are lots of books available on this matter, complete with equations and rigorous derivations. If you wanted a simple 'tutorial', an introduction to quantum physics without all the hassles of mathematics (essential though it may be to physicists and researchers), then read on. In order to understand the concepts successfully, a knowledge of elementary physics is a prerequisite. Footnotes act as a revision, if your memory of secondary school sciences has faded! Chapter 1: Introduction to Quantum Physics Chapter 2: Max Planck's Revolutionary Hypothesis Chapter 3: Einstein Demystifies Photoelectric Effect Chapter 4: Niels Bohr and the Quantum Atom ... About the Authors This work has been scrutinised by the members of the USENET newsgroup sci.physics.relativity , and we thank them for their review and useful suggestions. Grains of Mystique: Quantum Physics for the Layman Open Publication License , as described at Opencontent.org

89. Quantum Cat Analytics Various aspects of theoretical nanotechnology, quantum transport, spin manipulation and strongly driven quantum systems. http://www.qcatanalytics.com/

Home Quantum Cat Analytics Nanotechnology Quantum Mechanics ... Buddhism and Quantum Mechanics I just stumbled onto Quantum Mechanics and I thought it was pretty cool. Quantum Mechanics, from what I understand, is all about reality and possibilities.  Past, Present, and Future all exist at the same time, and all time exist within the mind and the mind alone. Now, when I say possibility, I mean the infinite outcomes that [...] The Effect of Quantum Mechanics on the Brain I am interested in theories about the interaction/operation of the human brain, at the quantum level. I seems that our perception of time (i.e. linear) could be misguided and in physical reality (whatever that is) time may just as well be another dimension and therefore movement within this dimension is not  necessarily always in one [...] Quantum Mechanics of the Brain Nanotechnology Diamondoid vs Bulk Technology Steel Can the statement be made with a large degree of solid-grounding in what we know about nanotechnology, that once we have self replicating assemblers or some form of large-scale convergent assembly nanotech process, then molecular machine manufacturing will allow us to mass produce diamond and similiar material components/ parts / materials / consumer goods at prices that are cheaper than steel based goods produced with traditional bulk processing machines? Nanotechnology Nanotech Dangers more Nanotechnology ... The Effect of Quantum Mechanics on the Brain I am interested in theories about the interaction/operation of the human brain, at the quantum level. I seems that our perception of time (i.e. linear) could be misguided and in physical reality (whatever that is) time may just as well be another dimension and therefore movement within this dimension is not  necessarily always in one direction. When taken together with quantum uncertainty within the propogation of signals within the brain, this could be an explanation, a primative and possibly only...

90. Welcome To Optical Lattices | Introduction To Optical Lattices | Applications, P Applications to anyonic statistics, quantum computation and superconductivity in the framework of optical lattice potentials. http://www.optical-lattice.com/

91. Measurement In Quantum Theory (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) Collapse of the wave function, role of the observer in QM; From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Henry Krips. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qt-measurement/

Cite this entry Search the SEP Advanced Search Tools ... Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Measurement in Quantum Theory First published Tue Oct 12, 1999; substantive revision Wed Aug 22, 2007 The dynamics and the postulate of collapse are flatly in contradiction with one another ... the postulate of collapse seems to be right about what happens when we make measurements, and the dynamics seems to be bizarrely wrong about what happens when we make measurements, and yet the dynamics seems to be right about what happens whenever we aren't making measurements. (Albert 1992, 79) 1. The Birth of the Measurement Problem 2. The End of Copenhagen Monocracy 3. Cats in Singlets 4. The World of Many Interpretations ... Related Entries 1. The Birth of the Measurement Problem (P) If a quantity Q is measured in system S at time t then Q has a particular value in S at t Many of Bohr's colleagues, including his young protege Werner Heisenberg, misunderstood or rejected the relationalist metaphysics that underpinned Bohr's endorsement of (P). Instead, they favored the positivistic, anti-metaphysical approach expressed in Heisenberg's influential book, The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory q for S at t unless Q is measured to have value q for S at t Heisenberg's approach, as presented in

92. Heisenberg's Physics And Philosophy History of QM and Copenhagen Interpretation http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/heisenb2.htm

Werner Heisenberg (1958) Physics and Philosophy Source Physics and Philosophy , 1958; Chapters 2 (History), 3 (Copenhagen interpretation) and 5 (HPS), reproduced here; Published : by George Allen and Unwin Edition, 1959. The History of Quantum Theory The idea that energy could be emitted or absorbed only in discrete energy quanta was so new that it could not be fitted into the traditional framework of physics. An attempt by Planck to reconcile his new hypothesis with the older laws of radiation failed in the essential points. It took five years until the next step could be made in the new direction. This time it was the young Albert Einstein, a revolutionary genius among the physicists, who was not afraid to go further away from the old concepts. There were two problems in which he could make use of the new ideas. One was the so-called photoelectric effect, the emission of electrons from metals under the influence of light. The experiments, especially those of Lenard, had shown that the energy of the emitted electrons did not depend on the intensity of the light, but only on its colour or, more precisely, on its frequency. This could not be understood on the basis of the traditional theory of radiation. Einstein could explain the observations by interpreting Planck's hypothesis as saying that light consists of quanta of energy travelling through space. The energy of one light quantum should, in agreement with Planck's assumptions, be equal to the frequency of the light multiplied by Planck's constant.

93. Directing The Strokes Of Ockham's Razor Skeptic (may be flippant but short) overview of the Interpretations http://www.tbtf.com/resource/jwburton.html

94. The Kochen-Specker Theorem (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) From the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Carsten Held. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kochen-specker/

Cite this entry Search the SEP Advanced Search Tools ... Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free The Kochen-Specker Theorem First published Mon Sep 11, 2000; substantive revision Mon Dec 25, 2006 The Kochen-Specker theorem is an important, but subtle, topic in the foundations of quantum mechanics (QM). The theorem provides a powerful argument against the possibility of interpreting QM in terms of hidden variables (HV). We here present the theorem/argument and the foundational discussion surrounding it at different levels. The reader looking for a quick overview should read the following sections and subsections: 1, 2, 3.1, 3.2, 4, and 6. Those who read the whole entry will find proofs of some non-trivial claims in supplementary documents. 1. Introduction 2. Background to the KS Theorem 3. Statement and Proof of the KS Theorem 3.1 Statement of the KS Theorem ... Related Entries 1. Introduction Before seeing the workings of the KS theorem in some detail, we must clarify why it is of importance to philosophers of science. The explicit premise of HV interpretations, as understood throughout below, is one of value definiteness (VD) All observables defined for a QM system have definite values at all times.

95. Collapse Theories (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) Survey of the dynamical reduction program; from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Giancarlo Ghirardi. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-collapse/

Cite this entry Search the SEP Advanced Search Tools ... Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Collapse Theories First published Thu Mar 7, 2002; substantive revision Thu Jun 28, 2007 what we observe , but it meets with serious difficulties in telling us what is . We are making here specific reference to the central problem of the theory, usually referred to as the measurement problem , or, with a more appropriate term, as the macro-objectification problem . It is just one of the many attempts to overcome the difficulties posed by this problem that has led to the development of Collapse Theories , i.e., to the Dynamical Reduction Program (DRP). As we shall see, this approach consists in accepting that the dynamical equation of the standard theory should be modified by the addition of stochastic and nonlinear terms. The nice fact is that the resulting theory is capable, on the basis of a unique dynamics which is assumed to govern all natural processes, to account at the same time for all well-established facts about microscopic systems as described by the standard theory as well as for the so-called postulate of wave packet reduction (WPR). As is well known, such a postulate is assumed in the standard scheme just in order to guarantee that measurements have outcomes but, as we shall discuss below, it meets with insurmountable difficulties if one takes the measurement itself to be a process governed by the linear laws of the theory. Finally, the collapse theories account in a completely satisfactory way for the classical behavior of macroscopic systems.

96. [gr-qc/9703089] Against Many-Worlds Interpretations A paper by A. Kent with a critical review of the literature on many-worlds interpretations. http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9703089

arXiv.org gr-qc Search or Article-id Help Advanced search All papers Titles Authors Abstracts Full text Help pages Full-text links: Download: PDF PostScript Other formats Current browse context: gr-qc new recent SLAC-SPIRES HEP refers to ... what is this? Bookmark what is this? General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Title: Against Many-Worlds Interpretations Authors: Adrian Kent (Submitted on 31 Mar 1997) Abstract: A short foreword has been added for the archive version of this article, which otherwise appears as originally published in 1990, except for the updating of references. The original abstract follows. This is a critical review of the literature on many-worlds interpretations (MWI), with arguments drawn partly from earlier critiques by Bell and Stein. The essential postulates involved in various MWI are extracted, and their consistency with the evident physical world is examined. Arguments are presented against MWI proposed by Everett, Graham and DeWitt. The relevance of frequency operators to MWI is examined; it is argued that frequency operator theorems of Hartle and Farhi-Goldstone-Gutmann do not in themselves provide a probability interpretation for quantum mechanics, and thus neither support existing MWI nor would be useful in constructing new MWI. Comments are made on papers by Geroch and Deutsch that advocate MWI. It is concluded that no plausible set of axioms exists for an MWI that describes known physics. Comments: 28 pages, with 3 page foreword; LaTeX

97. [quant-ph/9504010] A Survey On Bohmian Mechanics Bohmian mechanics is the most obvious embedding of Schrodinger s equation into a completely coherent physical theory. http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9504010

arXiv.org quant-ph Search or Article-id Help Advanced search All papers Titles Authors Abstracts Full text Help pages Full-text links: Download: PDF PostScript Other formats Current browse context: quant-ph new recent SLAC-SPIRES HEP refers to ... what is this? Bookmark what is this? Quantum Physics Title: A Survey on Bohmian Mechanics Authors: K. Berndl M. Daumer (LMU Munich), S. Goldstein (Rutgers), N. Zanghi (Genova) (Submitted on 12 Apr 1995) Abstract: Comments: 9 pages, Revtex, To appear in Il Nuovo Cimento Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Journal reference: NuovoCim.B110:737-750,1995 DOI Cite as: arXiv:quant-ph/9504010v1 Submission history From: K. Berndl [ view email Wed, 12 Apr 1995 11:12:05 GMT (18kb) Which authors of this paper are endorsers? Link back to: arXiv form interface contact

98. Quantum Thought Experiments The paper sketching relations between John von Neumann s measurement theory and thought experiments. http://homepage.mac.com/donaldamccartor/

Home page of Donald McCartor The paper described below can be downloaded. The first half has the flavor of philosophy and should be readable by and interesting to everyone. An introductory course in quantum mechanics, and a bit of thinking, is enough for the rest of it. It has been published by the new physics journal Concepts of Physics in their first issue. Their web address is http://www.conceptsofphysics.net Quantum Thought Experiments Can Define Nature A law both important and imperfect Perfect and imperfect ideas Thought experiments The probabilities of physics Measurement theory Typicalness, radiation, and inference Quantum measurement Quantum photography Imaginary experience Time reversal Defining the behavior that is typical of nature Basics Primitive observations The two division operations Four equations When instrumented observations do not interfere When observations are subsidiary to instrumented ones Conclusion 37 pages in PDF, no figures, 220kB Download The paper below expands on one of the themes of the paper above by showing how many of the traditional assumptions of physics look in the light of it. The Hourglass - Consequences of Pure Hamiltonian Radiation of a Radiating System Hourglass is the name given here to a formal isolated quantum system that can radiate. Starting from a time when it defines the system it represents clearly and no radiation is present, it is given straightforward Hamiltonian evolution. The question of what significance hourglasses have is raised, and this question is proposed to be more consequential than the measurement problem.

99. Christopher A. Fuchs Papers and collections of thoughts on informational or Bayesian interpretions of quantum states by Christopher Fuchs. http://perimeterinstitute.ca/personal/cfuchs/

Christopher A. Fuchs Quantum Dreams Page Curriculum Vitae Wherein I give some evidence that, despite this webpage, I am a practicing physicist. Quantum Mechanics as Quantum Information (and only a little more) (PDF file, 649 KB, 59 pages, quant-ph/0205039) In this paper, I try to cause some good-natured trouble. The issue is, when will we ever stop burdening the taxpayer with conferences devoted to the quantum foundations? The suspicion is expressed that no end will be in sight until a means is found to reduce quantum theory to two or three statements of crisp physical (rather than abstract, axiomatic) significance. In this regard, no tool appears better calibrated for a direct assault than quantum information theory. Far from a strained application of the latest fad to a time-honored problem, this method holds promise precisely because a large part- but not all -of the structure of quantum theory has always concerned information. It is just that the physics community needs reminding. Quantum Mechanics as Quantum Information, Mostly

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