1. 570130017X: "The Great Fermat Theorem Is Finally Proved For All N2" By V. S. Yar Find the best deals on The Great Fermat Theorem Is Finally Proved for All N2 by V. S. Yarosh (570130017X) http://www.bookfinder.com/dir/i/The_Great_Fermat_Theorem_Is_Finally_Proved_for_A

2. Little Fermat Theorem - Definition Fermat's little theorem states that if p is a prime number, then for any integer a, math a^p \equiv a \pmod{p} math This means that if you take some number a, multiply it by http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Little_Fermat_theorem

Little Fermat theorem - Definition Fermat's little theorem states that if p is a prime number , then for any integer a This means that if you take some number a , multiply it by itself p times and subtract a , the result is divisible by p (see modular arithmetic ). It is often stated in the following equivalent form: if p is a prime and a is an integer coprime to p , then It is called Fermat's little theorem to differentiate it from Fermat's last theorem Fermat's little theorem is the basis for the Fermat primality test Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Proofs 3 Generalizations 4 Pseudoprimes ... 6 External links History Pierre de Fermat found the theorem around . It appeared in one of his letters, dated October 18 to his confidant Frenicle as the following: p divides a p p is prime and a is coprime to p Chinese mathematicians independently made the related hypothesis (sometimes called the Chinese Hypothesis) that p p p is prime), and therefore the hypothesis as a whole, is false (e.g. 341=11×31 is a pseudoprime , see below). It is widely stated that the Chinese hypothesis was developed about 2000 years before Fermat's work in the 1600's. Despite the fact that the hypothesis is partially incorrect, it is noteworthy that it may have been known to ancient mathematicians. Some, however, claim that the widely propagated belief that the hypothesis was around so early sprouted from a misunderstanding, and that it was actually developed in 1872. For more on this, see (Ribenboim, 1995).

3. Little_fermat_theorem Synonyms, Little_fermat_theorem Antonyms | Thesaurus.com No results found for Little_fermat_theorem Please try spelling the word differently, searching another resource, or typing a new word. Search another word or see Little http://thesaurus.com/browse/Little_Fermat_theorem

4. CG's Site - Fermat Theorem And Pseudoprime Numbers One useful properties of Fermat Theorem is for testing primality of a number. Fermat Theorem If p is prime, then a p = a (mod p) for any integer a http://chikaradirghsa.multiply.com/journal/item/24/Fermat_Theorem_and_Pseudoprim

5. Fermat's Last Theorem -- From Wolfram MathWorld Oct 28, 1997 Fermat s last theorem is a theorem first proposed by Fermat in the form of a note scribbled in the margin of his copy of the ancient Greek http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FermatsLastTheorem.html

6. NOVA Online | The Proof For over 350 years, some of the greatest minds of science struggled to prove what was known as Fermat s Last Theorem—the idea that a certain simple equation http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/proof/

document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js' %3E%3C/script%3E")); Text Proof Home Andrew Wiles ... To print NOVA Online is produced for PBS by the WGBH Science Unit Support provided by

7. Fermat's Last Theorem The purpose of this blog is to present the story behind Fermat's Last Theorem and Wiles' proof in a way accessible to the mathematical amateur. http://fermatslasttheorem.blogspot.com/

Fermat's Last Theorem The purpose of this blog is to present the story behind Fermat's Last Theorem and Wiles' proof in a way accessible to the mathematical amateur. Saturday, May 08, 2010 A wiki of math blogs by established mathematicians A while ago, Terence Tao sent me this great link to a list of professional math blogs. As many of you know, I am an amateur mathematician which means that there is every chance that you may find mistakes and typos on this blog. I am very open to corrections and I am proud to tell you that whenever anyone finds a mistake, I am very careful to update the blog accordingly. My goal in this blog is to provide an amateur's perspective on the history of number theory from the perspective of Fermat's Last Theorem. Based on the many comments I have received, I feel some satisfaction that for many folks out there, I have achieved this goal. Even as I feel that an amateur's perspective can shed light on understanding the foundations of mathematics, there is no substitute for the insights of the greatest mathematical minds and the writings of today's professional mathematicians. My writing should at all times be a supplement to these authoritative viewpoints. Please take a look at this list of blogs . Here is a great way to find out about the viewpoints of professional mathematicians. Special thanks to Terence Tao for sending me these links.

8. Fermat's Little Theorem Fermat's Little Theorem. It comes from observation of multiplication tables modulo prime number p that all rows are nothing but a permutation of the first row {1, 2, , p1}. http://www.cut-the-knot.org/blue/Fermat.shtml

9. Math Forum: Ask Dr. Math FAQ: Fermat's Last Theorem What is the current status of Fermat s Last Theorem has it been proved? http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.fermat.html

Ask Dr. Math: FAQ F ermat's L ast T heorem Dr. Math FAQ Classic Problems Formulas Search Dr. Math ... Dr. Math Home What is the current status of Fermat's Last Theorem? In the margin of his copy of a book by Diophantus, Pierre de Fermat wrote that it is possible to have a square be the sum of two squares, but that a cube can not be the sum of two cubes, nor a fourth power be a sum of two fourth powers, and so on. Further, he wrote that he had found a truly marvelous proof which the margin was too small to contain. Fermat's Last Theorem states that x n + y n = z n That is to say, there are no integers x, y, z such that x + y = z , or integers x, y, z such that x + y = z Although this is easily stated, it has proved to be one of the most puzzling problems in the whole history of mathematics. Long after all the other statements made by Fermat had been either proved or disproved, this remained; hence it is called Fermat's Last Theorem (actually, Conjecture would be more accurate than Theorem). This conjecture was worked on by many famous mathematicians. Fermat himself proved this theorem for n = 4, and Leonhard Euler did n = 3. Special cases were dispatched one after another. New theories were developed to attack the problem, but all attempts at a general proof failed. They failed, that is, until this decade, when, building on work of many famous mathematicians, Prof. Andrew Wiles of Princeton University finally proved it. His method could not have been known to Fermat. Fermat's "truly marvelous proof" is now believed to have been faulty.

10. Proof Of Fermat's Little Theorem On this page we give the proof of Fermat s Little Theorem (a variant of Lagrange s theorem). This is one of the many proof pages from the Prime Page s site. http://primes.utm.edu/notes/proofs/FermatsLittleTheorem.html

Proof of Fermat's Little Theorem (From the Prime Pages ' list of proofs Home Search Site Largest ... Submit primes Fermat's "biggest", and also his "last" theorem states that x n + y n = z n has no solutions in positive integers x, y, z with n > 2. This has finally been proven by Wiles in 1995. Here we are concerned with his "little" but perhaps his most used theorem which he stated in a letter to Fre'nicle on 18 October 1640: Fermat's Little Theorem. Let p be a prime which does not divide the integer a , then a p = 1 (mod p It is so easy to calculate a p that most elementary primality tests are built using a version of Fermat's Little Theorem rather than Wilson's Theorem As usual Fermat did not provide a proof (this time saying "I would send you the demonstration, if I did not fear its being too long" [ , p79]). Euler first published a proof in 1736, but Leibniz left virtually the same proof in an unpublished manuscript from sometime before 1683. Proof.

11. Fermat S Last Theorem - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia In number theory, Fermat s Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a , b, and c can satisfy the equation an + bn = cn for any integer value of n http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_Last_Theorem

12. Fermat's Last Theorem - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a, b, and c can satisfy the equation a n + b n = c n for any integer value of n greater than two. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_Last_Theorem

Fermat's Last Theorem From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search For other theorems named after Pierre de Fermat, see Fermat's theorem The 1670 edition of Diophantus Arithmetica includes Fermat's commentary, particularly his "Last Theorem" ( Observatio Domini Petri de Fermat In number theory Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive integers a b , and c can satisfy the equation a n b n c n for any integer value of n greater than two. This theorem was first conjectured by Pierre de Fermat in 1637, famously in the margin of a copy of Arithmetica where he claimed he had a proof that was too large to fit in the margin. No successful proof was published until 1995 despite the efforts of many mathematicians. The unsolved problem stimulated the development of algebraic number theory in the 19th century and the proof of the modularity theorem in the 20th. It is among the most famous theorems in the history of mathematics and prior to its 1995 proof was in the Guinness Book of World Records for "most difficult math problem". Fermat left no proof of the conjecture for all n , but he did prove the special case n Fibonacci in 1225 in his Liber quadratorum although this fact is often overlooked in discussions of Fermat's Last Theorem.) This reduced the problem to proving the theorem for

13. How Euler Did It Three of the other theorems are special cases of the EulerFermat Theorem. At the time, Euler can't prove any of them. By 1736, Euler makes great progress in discovering ways to http://www.maa.org/editorial/euler/How Euler Did It 01 Fermats little theorem.pd

14. Fermat S Little Theorem - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Fermat s little theorem (not to be confused with Fermat s last theorem) states that if p is a prime number, then for any integer a, a p a will be evenly http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_little_theorem

15. Fermat's Little Theorem - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Fermat's little theorem (not to be confused with Fermat's last theorem) states that if p is a prime number, then for any integer a, a p − a will be evenly divisible by p. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_Little_Theorem

Fermat's little theorem From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Redirected from Fermat's Little Theorem Jump to: navigation search For other theorems named after Pierre de Fermat, see Fermat's theorem (disambiguation) Fermat's little theorem (not to be confused with Fermat's last theorem ) states that if p is a prime number , then for any integer a a p a will be evenly divisible by p . This can be expressed in the notation of modular arithmetic as follows: A variant of this theorem is stated in the following form: if p is a prime and a is an integer coprime to p , then a p p . In the notation of modular arithmetic Fermat's little theorem is the basis for the Fermat primality test Contents History Further history Proofs Generalizations ... edit History Pierre de Fermat first stated the theorem in a letter dated October 18, 1640 to his friend and confidant Frénicle de Bessy as the following p divides a p p is prime and a is coprime to p As usual, Fermat did not prove his assertion, only stating: Et cette proposition est généralement vraie en toutes progressions et en tous nombres premiers; de quoi je vous envoierois la démonstration, si je n'appréhendois d'être trop long. (And this proposition is generally true for all progressions and for all prime numbers; the proof of which I would send to you, if I were not afraid to be too long.)

16. Fermat's Last Theorem/Print Version - Wikimedia Labs, Collection Of Open-content This is the print version of Fermat's last theorem. If you print this page, choose print preview in your browser, or click printable version, you will see the page without this http://en.labs.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_last_theorem/Print_Version

Fermat's last theorem/Print Version This page is brought to you by Wikimedia Laboratories Fermat's last theorem Unchecked Jump to: navigation search This is the print version of Fermat's last theorem If you print this page, choose "print preview" in your browser, or click printable version , you will see the page without this notice, without navigational elements to the left or top, and without the TOC boxes on each page. Refresh this page to see the latest changes. For more information about the print version, including how to create a truly printable PDF File , see Wikibooks:Print versions This book will discuss one of the most famous theorems of mathematics. It will talk about that which is commonly called Fermat’s last theorem, the subject will be confronted from a principally historic point of view, the concepts and the theorems behind the proof being too complex even for the greater part of professional mathematicians. The book will follow a time based logic starting from the beginnings of mathematics up to arrival in our times, as a matter of fact having nevertheless been enunciated in 1637, the theorem has profound implications for many branches of mathematics and the premises that give birth to it begin right in the primordial days of mathematics. Acknowledgment is given to the original version in italian on Wikibooks.it of which this book is a translation.

17. Fermat's Last Theorem A historical and biographical account. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Fermat's_last_theorem.htm

Fermat's last theorem Number Theory Index History Topics Index Version for printing Pierre de Fermat died in 1665. Today we think of Fermat as a number theorist, in fact as perhaps the most famous number theorist who ever lived. It is therefore surprising to find that Fermat was in fact a lawyer and only an amateur mathematician. Also surprising is the fact that he published only one mathematical paper in his life, and that was an anonymous article written as an appendix to a colleague's book. There is a statue of Fermat and his muse in his home town of Toulouse: (Click it to see a larger version) Because Fermat refused to publish his work, his friends feared that it would soon be forgotten unless something was done about it. His son, Samuel undertook the task of collecting Fermat 's letters and other mathematical papers, comments written in books, etc. with the object of publishing his father's mathematical ideas. In this way the famous 'Last theorem' came to be published. It was found by Samuel written as a marginal note in his father's copy of Diophantus 's Arithmetica Fermat's Last Theorem states that x n y n z n has no non-zero integer solutions for x y and z when n Fermat wrote I have discovered a truly remarkable proof which this margin is too small to contain.

18. Euler Function And Theorem Euler's generalization of the Fermat's Little Theorem depends on a function which indeed was invented by Euler (17071783) but named by J. J. Sylvester (1814-1897) in 1883 http://www.cut-the-knot.org/blue/Euler.shtml

19. Fermat S Last Theorem It is worth noting that at this stage it remained to prove Fermat s Last Theorem for odd primes n only. For if there were integers x, y, z with xn + yn = zn http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Fermat's_last_theorem

20. Fermat-theorem | Define Fermat-theorem At Dictionary.com –noun Mathematics . the theorem that an integer raised to a prime power leaves the same remainder as the integer itself when divided by the prime. Use fermattheorem in a http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fermat-theorem

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