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Echinodermata:     more books (100)

Catalog of specimens in the type collection of the Department of Geology, California Academy of Sciences: Echinodermata (Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences) by Victor A Zullo, 1972 THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PALEONTOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS: ECHINODERMATA. by Raymond C. & Russell M. Jeffords & Theo. H. Miller. Moore, 1968 THE ZOOLOGICAL RECORD, VOL. 100, SECTION 5: ECHINODERMATA. by A. M. (edit). Clark, 1965 A MONOGRAPH ON THE BRITISH FOSSIL ECHINODERMATA FROM THE CRETACEOUS FORMATIONS: VOLUME SECOND - THE ASTEROIDEA AND OPHIUROIDEA, PART FOURTH. Animaux (Classification Phylogénétique): Echinodermata, Gastropoda, Platyhelminthes, Cnidaria, Brachiopoda, Cephalopoda, Arthropoda, Annelida (French Edition) The Invertebrates: Volume IV, Echinodermata. The Coelomate Bilateria by L. H. Hyman, 1955-01-01 Monograph On the British Fossil Echinodermata from the Cretaceous Formations, Volume 1 by Thomas Wright, 2010-01-11 MONOGRAPH ON THE BRITISH FOSSIL ECHINODERMATA FROM THE CRETACEOUS FORMATIONS: VOLUME FIRST, PART EIGHTH: ON THE SPATANGIDAE AND ECHINOCORIDAE. by Thomas. Wright, 1878-01-01 An Introduction to Echinodermata by H.S. Bhamrah, Kavita Juneja, 2003-06-16 Protozoa; Porifera; Coelenterata and Ctenophora; Echinodermata, The Cambridge Natural History, Volume I by M.; Sollas, I.B.J.; Hickson, S.J.; MacBride, E.W. Hartog, 1968-01-01 A MONOGRAPH ON THE BRITISH FOSSIL ECHINODERMATA FROM THE OOLITIC FORMATIONS: VOLUME SECOND. PART SECOND. ON THE OPHIUROIDEA. by Thomas. Wright, 1866-01-01 The Disparid Inadunate Superfamilies Homocrinacea and Cincinnaticrinacea (Echinodermata : Crinoidea), Ordovician-Silurian, North America by J. and Strimple, H. L. Warn, 1977-01-01 MONOGRAPH ON THE BRITISH FOSSIL ECHINODERMATA FROM THE CRETACEOUS FORMATIONS: VOLUME FIRST. PART EIGHTH. ON THE SPATANGIDAE AND ECHINOCORIDAE. by Thomas. Wright, 1878-01-01 Echinodermata 3: Asterozoa -- Echinozoa (2-volume set) by Raymond C. Moore, 1966-01-01

lists with details

81. Crinoid - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Encyclopedia article on the sea lilies or feather-stars.  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crinoidea
    
    Extractions: Disparida (extinct) Crinoids , also known as sea lilies or feather-stars , are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). Crinoidea comes from the Greek word krinon , "a lily", and eidos , "form". citation needed Crinoids are characterized by a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth. Although the basic echinoderm pattern of fivefold symmetry can be recognized, most crinoids have many more than five arms. Crinoids usually have a stem used to attach themselves to a substrate , but many live attached only as juveniles and become free-swimming as adults.

82. Crinoidea
    Introduction, characteristics, phylogenetic relationships and evolution, from the Tree of Life Web Project.  
    http://tolweb.org/Crinoidea
    
    Extractions: ToL-Reviewed William I. Ausich and Charles G. Messing This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms. The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right. You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species. For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see Interpreting the Tree or Classification . To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.

83. Holothuroidea
    Introduction, characteristics, phylogenetic relationships and fossil history of the sea cucumber, from the Tree of Life Web Project.  
    http://tolweb.org/Holothuroidea
    
    Extractions: ToL-Reviewed Alexander M. Kerr This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms. The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right. You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species. For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see Interpreting the Tree or Classification . To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.

84. Sea Cucumbers - Class Holothuroidea
    and interesting facts.  
    http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/invertebrates/Primer/text/holothuroidea.html

85. Thyonel_gemmat
    Taxonomy and photograph of this shallow-water sea cucumber.  
    http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Thyonel_gemmat.htm

86. Isticho_badion
    Taxonomy, description and photograph of this sea cucumber.  
    http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Isticho_badion.htm

87. Sea Cucumber - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Wikipedia article on this class of marine animals, the sea cucumbers, with elongated bodies and leathery skin.  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holothuroidea
    
    Extractions: de Blainville Orders Subclass Aspidochirotacea Subclass Dendrochirotacea Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea . They are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad . Sea cucumbers are found on the sea floor worldwide. There are a number of holothurian species and genera, many of which are targeted for human consumption. The harvested product is variously referred to as trepang bêche-de-mer or balate Like all echinoderms, sea cucumbers have an endoskeleton just below the skin, calcified structures that are usually reduced to isolated microscopic ossicles (or sclerietes) joined by connective tissue. In some species these can sometimes be enlarged to flattened plates, forming an armour. In pelagic species such as Pelagothuria natatrix (Order Elasipodida, family Pelagothuriidae), the skeleton and a calcareous ring are absent

88. Sand Dollar - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Information from Wikipedia on the classification and biology of the sand dollar.  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_dollar
    
    Extractions: Suborders and families See text. Sand dollar , or Sand-dollar is a name used for many species of extremely flattened, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida . Other species within the order are not quite as flat, and are sometimes called "sea cookies" or "sea biscuits". All members of Clypeasteroida have a rigid skeleton known as a test . This is the typical remains found washed up on beaches. The living animals have a skin of motile spines covering the test. Movement is accomplished by the coordinated action of the spines. Like other sea urchins , sand dollars have five paired rows of pores . The pores are arranged in a petal-like pattern. These pores are perforations in the endoskeleton through which the podia , used in gas exchange , project from the body.

89. The CAS Echinoderm Web Page | Academy Research
    Abstracts from the Ninth International Echinoderm Conference with links to other related resources.  
    http://www.calacademy.org/research/izg/echinoderm/

90. Echinoderm Envenomation: EMedicine Emergency Medicine
    Offers detailed information about venomous echinoderms, as well as images of poisonous species.  
    http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic158.htm

91. Echinoderm Newsletter - Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet
    Information about conferences and publications of interest to biologists. Addresses researchers within the field.  
    http://www.nrm.se/frontpage/researchandcollections/zoology/invertebratezoology/r

92. The Shape Of Life . Echinoderms | PBS
    A companion website to THE SHAPE OF LIFE, an eightpart series that takes viewers to unexplored places and answers fundamental questions about the origins of life on Earth.  
    http://www.pbs.org/kcet/shapeoflife/animals/echinoderms.html
    
    Extractions: Includes: Sea Stars, Sea Lillies, Sea Urchins, Sea Cucumbers, Brittle Stars While the majority of animal body plans are bilateral with a distinct head and tail, echinoderms do not follow this pattern. While many echinoderms begin life as a bilateral larva, later in life they take a radical change of course. They become radial with five-part symmetry and no central brain. Echinoderms move, feed and breathe with a unique water-vascular system ending in what are called tube feet. Sea stars use their tube feet to slowly pry open clams, mussels or other prey. Some sea stars can even evert their stomach between the two shells of a bivalve and digest the soft parts inside. The bodies of echinoderms are made of hard, calcium-based plates that are often spiny and covered by a thin skin. While most echinoderms are either stationary or slow-moving, methodical animals, they are nevertheless prominent members of the marine environment. Learn more about Echinoderms in "Ultimate Animal" Website links about Echinoderms Internal skeleton made of little calcium plates Five-part symmetry Special fluid-filled system (called a water vascular system) that operates the tube feet Classification Common Name Asteroidea sea star Echinoidea sea urchin Holothuroidea sea cucumber Orthasterias koehleri sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides sunflower star Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

93. Biologia Funzionale Degli Echinodermi
    L area di ricerca sulla biologia funzionale degli Echinodermi dell Universit degli Studi di Milano presenta in una pagina le linee di ricerca, collaborazioni, pubblicazioni e finanziamenti.  
    http://users.unimi.it/~echino/

94. Gallery Of Echinoderm Larvae
    A collection of photographs of developing starfish and sea urchins with information about each.  
    http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artjul00/echino.html

95. The Echinoid Directory - Natural History Museum
    Project based at the Natural History Museum, London, aiming to provide information for amateurs and the scientific community on this major group of marine invertebrates with a long fossil record.  
    http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/echinoid-directory/
    
    Extractions: and genera An illustrated key that helps you identify echinoids to generic level, and gives more detailed information about the families and orders Classification A hierarchical listing of all genera and higher taxa used on this site 3D models of soft tissue anatomy Images and three-dimensional models of echinoid soft tissue anatomy created by Alexander Ziegler Index to taxa Searchable, alphabetic listing of all taxonomic groups to genus level to take you straight to detailed information on that group

96. Galaxy Of Images | Smithsonian Institution Libraries
    Provides images from the printed books and manuscripts in the collections of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries.  
    http://www.sil.si.edu/imagegalaxy/imageGalaxy_collResult.cfm?term=Starfish - Sea

97. The Echinoid Directory - Natural History Museum
    Information about sea urchins, such as how they live, feed, and reproduce. There is also an alphabetic listing of their taxa. From The Natural History Museum, London.  
    http://www.nhm.ac.uk/palaeontology/echinoids/
    
    Extractions: and genera An illustrated key that helps you identify echinoids to generic level, and gives more detailed information about the families and orders Classification A hierarchical listing of all genera and higher taxa used on this site 3D models of soft tissue anatomy Images and three-dimensional models of echinoid soft tissue anatomy created by Alexander Ziegler Index to taxa Searchable, alphabetic listing of all taxonomic groups to genus level to take you straight to detailed information on that group

98. Red Sea Urchin - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Information from Wikipedia on this species, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, including its description, feeding habits, behavior and reproduction.  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_sea_urchin
    
    Extractions: Linnaeus The Red Sea Urchin is a Sea Urchin found in the Pacific ocean, from Alaska to Baja California . It lives in shallow waters from the low-tide line to 90 m deep, and is typically found on rocky shores that are sheltered from extreme wave action. tube feet . Scattered among its spines are rows of tiny tube feet with suckers that help it to move and stick to the sea floor. The animals have a mouth with special jaws (Aristotle's Lantern) located on the bottom (oral) surface. Their preferred diet is seaweeds, kelp and algae, which they scrape off and tear up from the sea floor. During larval development, urchins use bands of cilia to capture food from the water column Strongylocentrotus franciscanus juvenile, found at Cape Flattery, WA. This individual is about 1.5 cm in diameter.

99. The Sea Urchin, An Amazing Animal
    Article by Jean-Marie Cavanihac on these animals with many photographs of their development.  
    http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artjul00/urchin1.html
    
    Extractions: Sea urchin : a stinging but amazing animal by Jean-Marie Cavanihac, France The weather is nice, the sea water is warm, you are going to walk along the seashore, among wave foam which is reaching the beach and refreshing your feet.... Suddenly you sense a puncture under your toe: a sea urchin, hidden under a clump of algae, has defended itself against your foot's aggression! You are angry with the creature, because your toe is painful and also because urchin spines are very difficult to remove. But spines are its unique and passive defence against predators. (Even in its own family: the starfish which is also an ECHINODERM doesn't hesitate to eat its cousins!) (Picture: Strongylocentrotus. To console the unfortunate walker, some stages of sea urchin development are very beautiful to observe (and with no danger). At first sight, this echinoderm doesn't have an attractive appearance and it seems not to have interesting microscopic features. It is even repellent: a popular French expression about a man's avariciousness is: 'He has sea urchins inside his pockets'!

100. Who’s In Charge Here?
     Illustrated article by Richard L. Howey considering how creatures with no brains, such as the sea urchin, react appropriately to their surroundings.  
     http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artdec02/rhcharge.html
     
     Extractions: Who’s In Charge Here? by Richard L. Howey, Wyoming, USA Unsurprisingly, we human beings often interpret the objects and organisms around them in terms of models which we derive from our (sometimes misleading) understandings of ourselves and our experiences. A persistent and nagging question which arises regarding “simple” organisms is how they can produce astonishingly complex structures, demonstrate quite complicated behavior, and yet have only a rudimentary brain, if any, and a primitive nervous system. In part this perplexity arises because we have accepted a view of ourselves that assumes that the brain is in charge of everything we do, so we’re left with puzzles regarding how “brainless” beings can be structured the way they are and behave the way they do.

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