The Generalization Of Deferred Imitation During the course of development, humans treat enculturated apes as intentional agents. In contrast, wild chimpanzees do not treat their offspring in such a manner. http://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/InstituteofCognitionCulture/FileUploadPage/Filetoup
Question - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Enculturated apes Kanzi, Washoe, Sarah and a few others who underwent extensive language training programs (with the use of gestures and other visual forms of communications http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question
Extractions: Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate (April 2009) There are these four ways of answering questions. Which four? There are questions that should be answered categorically [straightforwardly yes, no, this, that]. There are questions that should be answered with an analytical (qualified) answer [defining or redefining the terms]. There are questions that should be answered with a counter-question. There are questions that should be put aside. These are the four ways of answering questions. Buddha Source A question may be either a linguistic expression used to make a request for information , or else the request itself made by such an expression. This information is provided with an answer Questions are normally put forward or asked using interrogative sentences . However they can also be formed by imperative sentences, which normally express commands: "Tell me what two plus two is"; conversely, some expressions, such as "Would you pass the salt?", have the grammatical form of questions but actually function as requests for action, not for answers, making them allofunctional. (A phrase such as this could, theoretically, also be viewed not merely as a request but as an observation of the other person's desire to comply with the request given.)
Extractions: New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1993, pp. 42-57 Acrobat version I still maintain, that his [the orang-utan] being possessed of the capacity of acquiring it [language], by having both the human intelligence and the organs of pronunciation, joined to the dispositions and affections of his mind, mild, gentle, and humane, is sufficient to denominate him a man. Lord J. B. Monboddo, Of the Origin and Progress of Language, If we base personhood on linguistic and mental ability, we should now ask, 'Are orang-utans or other creatures persons?' The issues this question raises are complex, but certainly arrogance and ignorance have played a role in our reluctance to recognise the intellectual capacity of our closest biological relatives - the nonhuman great apes. Ignorance is almost always the basis for defining difference as 'other'. Since the West had no representatives of our closest relatives, the apes, we were ignorant of our primate heritage and the species that link us more closely with nature.
UTC Sociology Anthropology And Geography | Lyn Miles of the Chantek Foundation, and President of ApeNet, a consortium of foundations and celebrities founded by British musician Peter Gabriel to support enculturated apes and http://www.utc.edu/Academic/SociologyAnthropologyAndGeography/staff/lyn-miles.ph
Extractions: CogSci Summaries home UP email This paper describes what apes can do with language and talks about what that might tell us about our evolutionary ancestors' abilities. p253: Studies of ape language use sheds light on early hominid language use. It suggests that they had: ÝA flexible, basic semantic communications system with moderate levels of reference low levels of perspective-taking, imitation and sequential organization and protosyntax Grammar may have come later in the evolutionary process.
The Sapient Paradox: Can Cognitive Neuroscience Solve It? — Brain Hutchins's claim (bound to be controversial among researchers who work on primate behaviour) is that the apparent symbolic competence of enculturated apes http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/lookup/resid/awn290?view=full&uritype=cgi
Untitled Document Some report that enculturated apes those raised in human environments do act more like human children in these situations. See how attentive the child under three http://pubpages.unh.edu/~jel/video/social_brain_ToM.html
Extractions: See how attentive the child under three years is as Tomasello uses a new word, "monitoring" his expressions as feedback. Contrast this human word learning strategy with the way apes are taught human-based symbols in the Language video. Some reports of animals using human based codes suggest explicit training works poorer than just using the symbols in context with the animal. See Fellow , for example; or recall Alex the parrot's training. This is a kind of projective task, used by Piaget (e.g. his three mountain problem ) and expanded on by many investigators. Piaget used this to assess a child's shift from an egocentric system of beliefs (everyone thinks the same), to a more "other" centered system where others can have different perceptions, intentions, desires, beliefs, that may be discerned by watching and listening.
Babel's Dawn: Protolanguage Builds On Mimicry Zlatev makes the interesting point that protolanguage itself, that is language at the level of a 24month old, can be leaned by “enculturated” apes who have been raised and http://www.babelsdawn.com/babels_dawn/2009/09/protolanguage_builds_on_mimicry.ht
Extractions: Glossographia ... Main “Bodily mimesis” (i.e., using one’s body for mimicry or representation) provided the social and cognitive prerequisites for the emergence of protolanguage, linguist Jordan Zlatev from Lund University in Sweden, told an audience today in the keynote address that began a three-day conference on protolanguage in Torun, Poland. When
How Global Is Global Semiosis? Going Beyond Sebeok's Paradox of the minor tradition ) that human language is one of a kind, in no way comparable to any non verbal communication system used even by higher animals, such an enculturated apes http://filserver.arthist.lu.se/kultsem/pdf/Globalsemiosis.pdf
William M. Fields - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia William M. Fields (born 1949), also known by the lexigram, is an American qualitative investigator studying language, culture, and tools in nonhuman primates. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_M._Fields
Extractions: Occupation Director of The Great Ape Trust Website http://www.greatapetrust.org/ William M. Fields (born 1949), also known by the lexigram , is an American qualitative investigator studying language, culture, and tools in non-human primates. He is best known for his collaboration with Sue Savage-Rumbaugh beginning in 1997 at the Language Research Center of Georgia State University . There he co-reared Nyota , a baby bonobo, with Panbanisha Kanzi and Savage-Rumbaugh Fields and Savage-Rumbaugh are the only scientists in the world carrying out language research with bonobos Fields was born in Atlanta Georgia in 1949, the oldest of four children. His father is a musician and his mother a housewife. He attended Georgia State University where he was the student of anthropologist Kathryn A. Kozaitis earning a B.A. in anthropology in 1999. He also studied with Charles Rutheiser, Robert Fryman, and Mark B. King. Under these influences he developed the notions of a hybrid culture in which he proposed the theoretical concept of a Pan/Homo cultural dynamic as a critique of the ethological notion of proto-culture to explain bonobo Kanzi’s linguistic abilities.
Why Are Some Animals So Clever? These socalled enculturated apes acquired a surprising set of skills, effortlessly imitating complex behaviorunderstanding pointing, for example, and even some human http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Uk/uk.philosophy.humanism/2006-04/msg002
Zoology Projects Enculturated Apes Endocrinology Echiura Evolutionary Basis for Animal Behavior Genetic Basis for Animal Behavior Invertibrate Biodiversity http://www.madscitech.org/projects/zoology.html
Extractions: The scientific study of animals and their environment. Elementary Amphibians Beekeeping Birds Circulatory System Digestive System Endocrine System Fish Insects Integumentary System Invertibrate Zoology Lymphatic System Mammals Muscular System Nervous System Reproductive System Respiratory System Skeletal System Urinary System Intermediate Aardwolves Acanthocephala Animal Behavior Animal Physiology Annelida Arachnida Arthropda Bats Beekeeping Biogeography of Animals Bivalvia Comparable Structure of Organ Systems Crustacea Embryology Entomology Field Zoology Gastropoda Gnathostomulida Gross Anatomy Helminths Hemichordata Histology Invertebrate Characteristics Invertebrate Classification Invertebrate Evolution Invertebrate Life Cycles Mollusca Myriapoda Neurology Poultry Protozoa Vertebrate Characteristics Vertebrate Classification Vertebrate Evolution Advanced Acarology Acoelomates Animal Development Animal Ecology Animal Social Behavior Aplacophora Aquatic Insects Bat Detectors Birth Defects Brachiopoda Bryozoa Cephalopoda Chilopoda Chordata Diplopoda Echinodermata Ecological Basis for Animal Behavior Enculturated Apes Endocrinology Echiura Evolutionary Basis for Animal Behavior Genetic Basis for Animal Behavior Invertibrate Biodiversity Junglefowl.
From Proto-mimesis To Language Evidence From Primatology And More empirically, it has been convincingly shown that (even nonenculturated) apes are in fact capable of some forms of imitation, e.g. (Custance, Whiten, Bard, 1995; Whiten, 2000 http://sedsu.org/Pdf/ArticlesForPage/Zlatev_JPP-final.pdf
UTC Professor Meets McCartney The goal of the foundation is to create a culture and conservation center where Chantek and other enculturated apes would reside, and use tools, computers, art http://www.utc.edu/Administration/UniversityRelations/newsreleases/homenews/beat
Extractions: Dr. Lyn Miles, seated, with Paul McCartney, right. Professor Meets Beatle Miles is also president of the Chantek Foundation, named in honor of the orangutan Miles raised as "my cross-foster son on the UTC campus, beginning in 1978." The goal of the foundation is to create a culture and conservation center where Chantek and other enculturated apes would reside, and use tools, computers, art and sign language. "The Community Foundation of Chattanooga can receive tax-exempt donations to the Chantek Foundation, while its nonprofit status is pending," Miles said. Chantek currently resides at Zoo Atlanta, where Miles serves as a senior research fellow.
Question | Ask.com Encyclopedia Enculturated apes Kanzi, Washoe, Sarah and a few others who underwent extensive language training programs (with the use of gestures and other visual forms of communications http://www.ask.com/wiki/Question?qsrc=3044
Orangutans ( Pongo Pygmaeus ) And Bonobos ( Pan Paniscus ) Point This is important because there have been some indications that the gestural communication of enculturated apes may be particularly sophisticated (Call and Tomasello 1996 ). http://www.eva.mpg.de/psycho/pdf/Publications_2009_PDF/Zimmermann_et_al_2009.pdf
THE HUMAN ADAPTATION FOR CULTURE Enculturated Apes It maybe objected that there are a number of convincing observations of chimpanzeeimitation in the literature, and indeed there area few. http://www.cogsci.msu.edu/DSS/2002-2003/Tomasello/The_human_adaptation_for_cultu
Comparing The Imitative Skills Of Children And Nonhuman Apes Apes, on the other hand, appear to focus solely on the results of demonstrations (although there is some suggestive evidence that enculturated apes may copy actions and goals more http://primatologie.revues.org/263
